Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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The experiences of Iranian patients with epilepsy from their disease: A content analysis
No full textThis qualitative study investigated experiences of patients with epilepsy in Iran regarding stigma. Twenty-two
participants were chosen by purposive sampling method. After getting informed consent, we conducted and
recorded interviews and then transcribed themverbatim. After that, all the researchers read the texts thoroughly,
and the data were analyzed using conventional content analysis method. Seven categories emerged from the
analysis including need for support, defense mechanisms, superstitious beliefs, negative feelings, negative
reactions of others, imposed deprivations, and spirituality. These results will increase healthcare professionals'
knowledge about the problems of Iranian patients with epilepsy and improve the design of healthcare models
that can promote successful coping strategies for them
The Effect of Education on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of First Grade Students in Ardabil High School toward Improving Oral Health.
Get PDFMother’s empowerment in premature infants care
Get PDFIntroduction: Premature infants are a vulnerable group and maintenance of them is one of the major health problems. The healthy and normal evolution of the premature infant is a great responsibility. These babies are experiencing problems due to inadequate and evolving body systems and require more attention. Empowering mothers is a way to help these babies, this study down the aimed to investigate the mother’s empowerment in premature infants care.
Method: This study was conducted by searching the databases, papers and books.
Results: Premature infants are faced challenges such as sound, light, sleep disorder, bad position, unnecessary manipulation and displacement, aggressive and painful interventions in the neonatal intensive unit care. By adopting some strategies can be reduce this stress, family and mother must talk quietly, open and close door and windows gently, not use of the mobile phone, modulate Alarm sounds, loss light and use light and dark alternately, diminution of manipulations and displacement of infants, reducing painful interventions, the use of hand support, establish a curved and comfortable position, the placement of hands near the baby's mouth are strategies that can be taught to mothers.
Conclusion: Reducing the stresses of preterm infants is very important. Having a different look at caring for premature babies from a care-based perspective to focus-based care and empowering mothers is important for having a healthy offspring. Educational support and empowerment of mothers and family can is very helpful so should be paid careful attention to its implementation
Idiopathic CRMO and MEFV Gene Variant Alleles: Is There Any Relationship
Get PDFBackground and Objective. CRMO is an inflammatory disease of bone that occurs more often in children. The clinical manifestations are intermittent fever, pain, and bone lesions, especially in long bones. Although there is an idiopathic type of disease, it is usually associated with some autoimmune disorders. This study evaluates MEFV gene mutations as background pathology of idiopathic CRMO. Methods. Blood samples of patients, who diagnosed as childhood idiopathic CRMO by imaging and pathologic study from June 2011 until September 2018, have been screened for the 12 common pathogenic variants of MEFV gene mutations. Result. Nine patients enrolled in this study, and eight of them were male. The most common involvement locations were tibia and femur, and the least ones were zygoma, calcaneus, and radius. The mean duration of the involvement was 1.3 years. Six patients had only 1 involved location, 2 patients showed two sites of involvement, and one patient had three affected areas. There were two positive MEFV gene mutations (22%), as E148Q/wt and K695R/wt both in the heterozygote form. There was no meaningful relationship between MEFV gene mutations and the age of onset, gender, and location of involvement. Patients with positive mutation had more involved sites and long duration of involvement significantly. Conclusion. There is no significant immunopathogenic relationship between the common MEFV gene variant alleles and CRMO disease
The Relaxant Effect of Crocin on Rat Tracheal Smooth Muscle and Its Possible Mechanisms
Get PDFCrocin, a component of saffron, showed hypotensive which is perhaps due to vascular smooth muscle relaxant effect. The relaxant effects of saffron on tracheal smooth muscle also could be due to its constituent, crocin. In the present study, the relaxant effects of crocin and its possible mechanisms on rat tracheal smooth muscle were investigated. The relaxan effects of three cumulative concentrations of crocin (30, 60, and 120 μM) or theophylline (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mM) as positive control were examined on pre-contracted tracheal smooth muscle by methacholine or KCl in non-incubated or incubated conditions with different agents including atropine, chlorpheniramine, indomethacin, diltiazem, glibenclamide, and propranolol. In non-incubated tracheal smooth muscle, crocin showed significant relaxant effects on KCl induced muscle contraction (p < 0.001 for two higher concentrations). However, crocin did not show relaxant effect on methacholine induced tissue contraction. In incubated tissues with chlorpheniramine, indomethacin, diltiazem and propranolol, there were no significant differences in the relaxant effects of crocin between non-incubated and incubated tissues. However, the relaxant effects of crocin obtained in incubated tissues with atropine and glibenclamide were significant lower than non-incubated tracheal smooth muscle (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). EC50 obtained in incubated tissue with propranolol was significantly increased. Theophylline showed significant relaxant effect on both KCl and methacholine induced tissue contraction (p < 0.01 to p < 0.001). A relatively potent relaxant effect of crocin on tracheal smooth muscle, lower than that of theophylline was shown. Muscarinic receptor blocking, potassium channels opening and ß2-adrenoreceptors stimulation were also suggested as possible mechanisms of this effect
Predictors of Hand Hygiene Behavior among Nurses: A Theoretical Cross-Sectional Study
No full textBackgroundandAimsoftheStudy: Given the effectiveness of handwashing in preventing nosocomial infections and key role of nurses as a care provider in ensuring the well-being of individuals and society, this study aimed to determine the predictive power of BASNEF model constructs on this behavior. MaterialsandMethods: This descriptive analytical study was conducted on a total of 498 nurses working at hospitals based in Ardabil and Khalkhal during 2018. The participants were selected through a multistage sampling method. The data were collected by a valid and reliable questionnaire based on the BASNEF model constructs and analyzed through the SPSS 18, using statistical tests including t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple linear regressions, considering the significant level lower than 5%. Results: There was a significantly negative correlation between age/work experiences with hand hygiene (HH) behavior. Moreover, the attitude toward behavior showed a significantly positive correlation with the enabling factors and a significantly negative correlation with the subjective norms. The results of multiple linear regression indicated that the BASNEF model components had a predictive power of 3%, which was raised to 21.8% as age and work experience were added to the regression model. Hence, age and work experience were two important factors in predicting the hygiene behavior. Conclusions: The BASNEF model components cannot predict HH behavior among nurses, but age and work experience were two important factors in predicting the hygiene behavior.Key words: Behavior, hygiene, BASNEF model, han
Bacterial infections are associated with cardiovascular disease in Iran: a meta analysis
Get PDFIntroduction: The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and associa-tion of various bacterial infections with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Iran.Material and methods: An electronic search was performed using related keywords in the national and international databases up to June 30, 2017. Out of the 1807 articles found on the associations between bacterial infec-tions and CVD, 20 relevant studies were selected for the meta-analysis.Results: The prevalence of bacterial infections was higher in case groups compared with the control groups. Odds ratios for assessing the association between Chlamydia pneumonia infection and CVD based on PCR, IgG and IgA tests were 7.420 (95% CI: 3.088–17.827), 3.710 (95% CI: 1.361–10.115) and 2.492 (95% CI: 1.305–4.756), respectively. Moreover, the calculated odds ratio for Mycoplasma pneumonia infection was 1.815 (95% CI: 0.973–3.386). For Helicobacter pylori infection, odds ratios based on IgG and IgA tests were 3.160 (95% CI: 1.957–5.102) and 0.643 (95% CI: 0.414–0.999), respectively.Conclusions: The present meta-analysis suggested that there was a signif-icant association between H. pylori, C. pneumonia and M. pneumonia infec-tions and CVD in Iran. These findings confirm the potential role of bacterial infections as predisposing factors for CVD
A clinical study investigating the three months prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and its effective factors
Get PDFObjective: Currently, treating ischemic stroke by intravenous thrombolytic therapy has acceptable results in patients with stroke. This study aimed to evaluate the three months prognosis of patients treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA).
Methods: This cross-sectional prospective study was conducted on 30 patients with cerebral ischemic stroke with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) >5. Data such as demographic information, signs and symptoms, medical history, risk factors, focused neurological examination, and the NIHSS were collected for all patients. Then, all patients received 0.9 mg/kg of rt-PA as intravenous bolus doses and intravenous infusion under close monitoring in the emergency department. All patients were checked for necessary outcomes and also disability at the admission time, 7 days later and after three months all patients were checked again. All collected data were analyzed by appropriate tests using SPSS version 22.
Results: Of all patients, 63.3% were males and 36.7% were females. The mean age of the patients was 62.37 ± 12.62 years with a range of 40-91 years. The mean of NIHSS was 12.46 ± 4.28 at admission time, in day seven it was 8.06 ± 3.72 and in month three after treatment it was 3.62 ± 2.31. There was a significant relationship between age, place of residence and NIHSS. Thirty percent of patients had NIHSS more than 15 at admission time and after 7 days this rate reached to 10% and three months later it declined to 6.7%. These differences were statistically significant.
Conclusion: Intravenous thrombolytic therapy is associated with proper short term results in most patients with ischemic stroke
EEG coherence in theta, alpha, and beta bands in frontal regions and executive functions
No full textExecutive functions are higdevel cognitive processes that make possible the formation of flexible and adaptive goal-directed behaviors and the frontal lobes regulate these functions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between frontal EEG coherence in theta, alpha, and beta bands and executive functions in adults. A sample of 168 students (Mage = 25.44 years, SD = 4.52) were included in this study. EEG records were recorded at the psychology laboratory of Mohaghegh Ardabili University (Iran), then intrahemispheric and interhemispheric coherence of frontal regions were analyzed using the NeuroGuide software. The participants were asked to fill in the Adult Executive Skills Questionnaire. Correlational results showed that there is a positive relationship between executive functions and EEG coherence in theta, alpha, and beta bands in frontal regions of the left hemisphere, EEG coherence of alpha and beta bands in frontal regions of the right hemisphere and EEG coherence of alpha band between frontal regions of the two hemispheres. The results of the regression analysis also revealed that coherence of alpha, beta, and theta bands between left and right frontal regions and coherence of beta and theta bands in the left frontal regions predict executive functions. These results indicate that the common activity of frontal cortex, especially the left hemisphere, is associated with executive functions and cognitive control
What Happens in The Formation of Ureteral Duplication? A Case Report and Brief Literature of Review
Get PDFRadiologists frequently diagnose two ureteral duplications including complete and incomplete types. Incomplete ureter duplication, which is also called bifid ureter, refers to a situation in which the ureteric bud bifurcates before meeting the metanephric blastema. On the other hand, complete ureter duplication, which is also named double ureter, defines another situation in which two separate ureteric buds, on either side of the embryonic body, are formed from the mesonephric duct (Wolffian duct) and then arrive in the metanephric blastema. Therefore, two separate ureters, renal pelvis, as well as a duplex kidney (upper and lower poles) are formed in a common renal capsula. Embryologically, in complete ureter duplication, the ureteric buds rotate 108 degrees when incorporating into the urogenital sinus, which is known as Weigert-Meyer rule. In this posture, the upper and lower poles of the kidney are drained by the laterocranial and mediocaudal orifice, respectively. Complete duplication is more common in women than men and is often associated with vesicoureteral reflux, ectopic ureterocele, and/or ectopic ureteral insertion. In the present case report, a 40-year-old woman, mainly complaining of abdominal and lower back pain, was discovered to have bilateral complete ureteral duplication on computed tomography (CT) scan, as well as kidney, ureter, and bladder x-ray radiography. Moreover, the embryological causes were discussed in forming the duplicated ureter and duplex collecting system