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Spectroscopic and molecular modeling studies of binding interaction between the new complex of yttrium and 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives with DNA and BSA
No full textIn this study, the 4,9 diazafluoren-9-one ligand and [Y(Daf)2Cl3.OH2] complex were synthesized. The interaction of this complex with DNA and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The molecular docking method was used to confirm the experimental results, investigate the type of interaction, and determine the binding site. The binding constant and Stern–Volmer constant were calculated using spectroscopy techniques. The binding constant of the Y-complex with DNA and BSA obtained using the UV-vis technique was 1.61 × 105 M−1 and 0.49 × 105 M−1, while that obtained using the fluorescence method was 3.39 × 105 M−1 and 3.63 × 105 M−1, respectively. The results of experimental and theoretical data showed that the interaction between the yttrium complex and DNA and BSA is driven by the hydrogen bond and van der Waals interaction, respectively. The yttrium complex communicates with DNA via the groove interaction. This complex has high binding energy with bovine serum albumin. In addition, the molecular docking results showed that the complex binds to the IIA subdomain of BSA (site I). Finally, anticancer activity of the yttrium complex was studied on MCF-7 and A549 cell lines by using the MTT method. The IC50 values obtained showed that the yttrium complex possesses anticancer activity
Characteristics of headaches attributed to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and factors associated with its frequency and prolongation: a cross-sectional cohort study
No full textBackground: Headache is the most frequent neurological adverse event following SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. We investigated the frequency, characteristics, and factors associated with post-vaccination headaches, including their occurrence and prolongation (≥ 48 h). Methods: In this observational cross-sectional cohort study, retrospective data collected between April 2021–March 2022 were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to evaluate the effect of clinicodemographic factors on the odds of post-vaccination headache occurrence and prolongation. Results: Of 2,500 people who were randomly sent the questionnaire, 1822 (mean age: 34.49 ± 11.09, female: 71.5%) were included. Headache prevalence following the first (V1), second (V2), and third (V3) dose was 36.5, 23.3, and 21.7%, respectively (p < 0.001). Post-vaccination headaches were mainly tension-type (46.5%), followed by migraine-like (36.1%). Headaches were mainly bilateral (69.7%), pressing (54.3%), moderate (51.0%), and analgesic-responsive (63.0%). They mainly initiated 10 h [4.0, 24.0] after vaccination and lasted 24 h [4.0, 48.0]. After adjusting for age and sex, primary headaches (V1: aOR: 1.32 [95%CI: 1.08, 1.62], V2: 1.64 [1.15, 2.35]), post-COVID-19 headaches (V2: 2.02 [1.26, 3.31], V3: 2.83 [1.17, 7.47]), headaches following the previous dose (V1 for V2: 30.52 [19.29, 50.15], V1 for V3: 3.78 [1.80, 7.96], V2 for V3: 12.41 [4.73, 35.88]), vector vaccines (V1: 3.88 [3.07, 4.92], V2: 2.44 [1.70, 3.52], V3: 4.34 [1.78, 12.29]), and post-vaccination fever (V1: 4.72 [3.79, 5.90], V2: 6.85 [4.68, 10.10], V3: 9.74 [4.56, 22.10]) increased the odds of post-vaccination headaches. Furthermore, while primary headaches (V1: 0.63 [0.44, 0.90]) and post-COVID-19 headaches (V1: 0.01 [0.00, 0.05]) reduced the odds of prolonged post-vaccination headaches, psychiatric disorders (V1: 2.58 [1.05, 6.45]), headaches lasting ≥48 h following the previous dose (V1 for V2: 3.10 [1.08, 10.31]), and migraine-like headaches at the same dose (V3: 5.39 [1.15, 32.47]) increased this odds. Conclusion: Patients with primary headaches, post-COVID-19 headaches, or headaches following the previous dose, as well as vector-vaccine receivers and those with post-vaccination fever, were at increased risk of post-SARS-CoV-2-vaccination headaches. Primary headaches and post-COVID-19 headaches reduced the odds of prolonged post-vaccination headaches. However, longer-lasting headaches following the previous dose, migraine-like headaches at the same dose, and psychiatric disorders increased this odd
Effect of home-based cardiac rehabilitation programmes on the social health of patients with an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): a semi-experimental study
No full textBackground. Shocks caused by an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) affect the social health of patients. Implementation of Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation (HBCR) by trained nurses can be effective in preventing or reducing these effects. Objectives. The aim this study was to determine the effect of implementation of HBCR programmes on the social health of patients with ICD. Material and methods. This study was conducted as a semi-experimental and randomised study with two groups of control (n = 35) and experimental (n = 35) patients receiving ICD in the Shahid Chamran Heart Centre of the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS). Data collection tools included Keys Social Health questionnaire and the HBCR programmes checklist. In four educational sessions, patients were introduced to the practical concepts of HBCR programmes. Results. At the beginning of the study, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of social health score (p = 0.056), but immediately after the intervention and three months after the intervention, there was a significant difference in the social health score in the two groups (p < 0.001). The experimental group had a higher social health score than the control group. Conclusions. The findings of this study represent the positive impact of implementing HBCR programmes on the social health of patients with ICD and the role of nurses in providing healthcare services at home, the gap of which is quite noticeable in the health system of our countr
NF-?B/RELA Knockout Reveals a Role in Expression of HIF-1? and NES in A172 Cell Line: Suggestion Ecteinascidin-743 as a Suitable Drug
No full textThe NF -1(B signaling pathway is one of the most critical controllers of the inflammatory response in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). In this study, the knockout association of the RELA subunit was examined by expressing some genes connected to the nuclear factor 1(B (NF -1(B) pathway in sustaining hypoxic circumstances and GBM stem cells (GSCs) properties. A suitable drug is also suggested to target RELA . Targeted deletion of the RELA subunit in human GBM cells (A172) was performed with CRISP R/Cas9. Nestin (NES) and hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) genes expression levels and induction of apoptosis in transfected and control cells were assessed by Real-time PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. Using the Auto Dock Vina software, a molecular docking study was conducted to find the optimum intermolecular interaction between the RELA protein and four potential drugs. Real-time PCR results showed a decrease in the expression of HIF-1 alpha and NES genes in the transfected cell population compared to the control cells (p< 0.0102, p< 0.0012, and P< 0.0442, respectively). Flow cytometry results showed a significantly increased induction of apoptosis in the transfected cells compared to the control cell population. The results of docking revealed that Ecteinascidin-743 has the best intermolecular interaction with RELA protein. In conclusion, the RELA subunit seems to be one of the factors affecting hypoxia, apoptosis, and change in stemness gene expression levels in GBM. Therefore, it is recommended to knock out the NF -.KB signalling pathway or use Ecteinascidin-743 in future studies
The potential association between metabolic syndrome and risk of post-surgical adhesion
No full textMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by the clustering of several associated with a group of disorders that include: obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance. The incidence of MetS is increasing globally around the world. Indeed the rates of different types of surgery in older or younger patients with Mets are increasing and they are exposed to a wide range of operations including abdominal, pelvic, urologic, or any invasive procedures. Post-surgical adhesion is a common problem and is a challenge for the surgeon. Despite many studies on its pathogenesis, there remain many un-answered questions about it, for example why certain tissues and patients are more at higher risk of post-surgical adhesions. Many studies have suggested that MetS is associated with up-regulating molecular mechanisms leading to chronic inflammation and hypercoagulability. In this review, we discuss some of the molecular mechanisms by MetS may enhance post-surgical adhesion, and particularly regarding those involved in coagulation and inflammation
Prospects of plant-derived exosome-like nanocarriers in oncology and tissue engineering
No full textAlmost all cell types, either in vivo or in vitro, create extracellular vesicles (EVs). Among them are exosomes (EXOs), i.e., tiny nanovesicles containing a lipid bilayer, proteins, and RNAs that are actively involved in cellular communication, indicating that they may be exploited as both diagnostics and therapeutics for conditions like cancer. These nanoparticles can also be used as nanocarriers in many types of research to carry agents such as drugs. Plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (PENs) are currently under investigation as a substitute for EXOs formed from mammalian cells, allowing researchers to get beyond the technical constraints of mammalian vesicles. Because of their physiological, chemical, and biological properties, PENs have a lot of promise for use as nanocarriers in drug delivery systems that can deliver various dosages, especially when it comes to large-scale repeatability. The present study has looked at the origins and isolation techniques of PENs, their anticancer properties, their usage as nanocarriers in the treatment of different illnesses, and their antioxidant properties. These nanoparticles can aid in the achievement of therapeutic objectives, as they have benign, non-immunogenic side effects and can pass biological barriers. Time-consuming and perhaps damaging PEN separation techniques is used. For the current PEN separation techniques to be used in commercial and therapeutic settings, they must be altered. In this regard, the concurrent application of biological sciences can be beneficial for improving PEN separation techniques. PENs’ innate metabolic properties provide them a great deal of promise for application in drug delivery systems. However, there could be a risk to both the loaded medications and the intrinsic bioactive components if these particles are heavily armed with drugs. Therefore, to prevent these side effects, more studies are needed to devise sophisticated drug-loading procedures and to learn more about the physiology of PENs
A systematic review of the role of Gummosin in improving memory in the scopolamine memory impaired memory model
No full textObjectives: The concurrent utilization of an external fixator and intramedullary nail (IMN) for segment transportation may potentially decrease the duration of external fixator implementation and reduce associated complications. This study aimed to report the outcomes of bone transport utilizing a combination of IMN and Ilizarov frame in a cohort of individuals who had tibia or femur critical-sized bone deficiency resulting from nonunion. Methods: The present research used a single-arm clinical trial design to enroll a series of patients presenting with critical-sized bone defects resulting from infectious nonunion of the tibia or femur. The study was conducted during the period of 2017-2020 in a referral Orthopedic Surgery Center located in Tehran, Iran. The management of patients with infectious nonunion was carried out through two main stages, including infection eradication and bone transportation. The process of bone healing and segment transportation was evaluated by radiographic assessment throughout the follow-up period. Results: A total of 39 patients with bone defects in the tibia (19 cases) or femur (20 cases) with a mean age of 31.44 (±11.95, range=18-60) were included in this study. Twenty-nine (74.3%) patients had open fractures. The bone defect exhibited an average size of 6.31 ± 1.95 cm. The mean of the consolidation index (CI) was 0.97 (range=0.51-1.32) mo/cm, and the mean of the external fixator index was 0.67 (range=0.41-1.10). Although the CI was longer in patients with open fracture compared to those with closed fracture, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.353). After the end of the two-year follow-up, complete union was observed in 35 patients (89.7%). Conclusion: Intercalary segmental bone transportation using the Ilizarov technique over an IMN, as well as preserving the advantages of the conventional callotasis method, reduces the complications of long-term use of the Ilizarov frame and increases patient adherence to treatment
Evaluation of psychometric properties of persian version of quality of life of stroke caregivers
No full textBackground: Patients with stroke need complete care due to physical and mental problems and prevention of exacerbation of symptoms. The quality of life of caregivers of these patients is affected by full-time care. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the adult carers quality of life questionnaire (AC-QoL) on stroke caregivers. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the original scale was translated as forward-backward method. Face and content validity were performed qualitatively. In construct validity, 358 caregivers with a mean age of 36.32 ± 8.42 years were included in the study. Exploratory factor analysis was performed by maximum likelihood method and Promax rotation. Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald omega coefficients. Results: In exploratory factor analysis, 7 factors were extracted of caring choice, sense of value, personal growth, support of caring, ability to care, money matter and carer satisfaction extracted, which together explained 41.04% of the total variance. The alpha coefficient of all items was 0.899. Cronbach alpha and McDonald omega coefficients for all dimensions of the questionnaire were above 0.7. Conclusions: The Persian version of the AC-QoL is valid for caregivers of patients with stroke and can be used in future studie
Intimate partner violence during pregnancy in COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from South-west of Iran
No full textBackground: Intimate partner violence (IPV) against pregnant women can cause several complications for the mother and her baby, which are life-threatening. Thus, we aimed to find the prevalence of IPV and its associated factors in pregnant women in Shiraz, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant mothers in Shiraz between July 2020 and January 2021. The questionnaire consisted of four parts: demographic data, socio-economic status (SES), obstetric and medical history, and questions about IPV. Univariate analysis was performed using Chi-square, McNemar, or Fisher’s exact test, and variables with p-value < 0.20 were included in Logistic regression. The odds ratio and CI 95% for variables with p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of IPV was 93.1% among 830 pregnant women in Shiraz. Psychological violence was the most prevalent type (92.9%), followed by sexual (11%) and physical (7.7%) violence. High SES (OR = 3.21, (CI:1.61–6.41)) was the only risk factor for overall violence, and the age group, 30–34, was a risk factor for physical violence. Mother-desired pregnancy (OR = 26 (Cl:0.09–0.79)) and father-desired pregnancy (OR = 0.91, (CI:0.22–3.80)) were protective factors against physical and sexual violence, respectively. Furthermore, Psychological violence and sexual violence increased during COVID-19 Pandemic (P.value < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the prevalence of IPV during pregnancy in Shiraz was very concerning, especially psychological violence. Improving conflict-solving skills among family members and addressing economic problems could be considered by health policymakers when designing interventional programs and policies to reduce IPV during pregnancy
Evaluation of parental stress in neonatal intensive care unit in Iran: a national study
No full textBackground: More attention is paid to the survival and treatment of the sick infant in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and parental stress is not considered. The purpose of this study was to determine samples of the level of parental stress in the NICU. Method: This study is a descriptive-analytical study in which Parental Stress and General Health were used in an analytical national survey in Iran. The research sample consists of 2456 parents of infants admitted to NICU. The sampling method was multi-stage random. We used 11- item parental stress questionnaire and 28-item general health questionnaire for the data collection. Result: Baloch ethnicity with an average of 11.52 had the highest level of stress. The mean stress score of mothers was higher than fathers. The mean score of all dimensions of physical symptoms, anxiety, social functioning, depression, and total mental health score in mothers was higher than fathers. There was a statistically significant difference in the length of hospitalization in terms of different levels of parental stress scores (p < 0.002). Lack of decisive response to parents was one of the most stressful issues (8.1%). Conclusion: Our result shows mothers' stress was higher than fathers. So that health policymakers should pay attention to stress risk factors to provide appropriate interventions according stress risk factors Future studies should design appropriate interventions to reduce parental stress, especially in high-risk mothers