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Autism Spectrum Disorder and Dietary Intake of Vitamin E
No full textBackground: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complicated condition that affects brain development, possibly caused by genetics and environmental factors. Individuals with ASD manifest a lack of balance between pathways that cause oxidative stress and levels of anti-oxidant agents. However, the association between ASD and dietary intake of antioxidants, such as vitamin E, is not yet clear. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the dietary vitamin E intake in children with ASD and typically developing (TD) children. Methods: Totally, 110 individuals with ASD from 5 to 15 years were selected as the case group and 110 TD children of the same age group were selected as the control group. The (GARS 2) was used to confirm the participants' ASD diagnoses. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used for collecting the required information on the child's diet. The Nutritionist IV software was used to evaluate the intake of different types of vitamin E. Result: A significantly lower intake of dietary vitamin E was observed in individuals with ASD relative to the control group (15.66 ± 12.72 vs. 28.60 ± 10.85 mg/day, p > 0.001). After adjusting for confounders such as age, gender, mother's age, Body Mass Index (BMI), and diet, decreased vitamin E intake was associated with an increased risk of developing ASD (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.85–0.94, p < 0.001). Conclusion: An increased intake of vitamin E may be associated with a decreased risk of ASD. Further research is required to confirm this finding
Evaluation of folic acid-targeted gadolinium-loaded perfluorohexane nanodroplets on the megavoltage X-ray treatment efficiency of liver cancer
No full textThe efficacy of radiation therapy can decrease due to the inherent radioresistance of different tumor cells. Gadolinium shows significant potential as a radiosensitivity enhancer due to its high atomic number. In this study, a novel theranostic nanoprobe based on folic acid-conjugated gadolinium-loaded nanodroplets (FA-Gd-NDs) has been introduced for ultrasound imaging (USI)-guided radiation therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. The ultrasound echogenicity evaluation of NDs, Gd release studies, biocompatibility test of Gd-NDs, colony assay, cellular uptake of NDs via fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry analysis were performed on Hepa1-6 cancer and L929 normal cell lines. Our results showed that synthesized NDs significantly enhanced ultrasound signal intensity in PBS solution and agarose gel phantom. MTT and clonogenic assays indicated that Gd-NDs substantially reduced the cell viability and also surviving fraction of Hepa1-6 cancer cells under US and X-ray exposure. Additionally, FA-Gd-NDs exhibited sensitization enhancement factor (SER) of 1.8 after concurrent exposure to US and X-ray. Fluorescence imaging demonstrated more internalization of FA-Gd-NDs into cancer cells in comparison with normal cells. According to flow cytometry results, the Gd-NDs and FA-Gd-NDs uptake by L929 cell line were 20 % and 28 %, respectively, while their uptake by Hepa1-6 cells was 60 % and 94 %, respectively. In conclusion, the synthesized novel theranostic nanoprobe shows great potential for enhancing the efficacy of radiation therapy and enabling ultrasound image-guided radiation therapy of cancers
Re: Optimizing surgical timing following neoadjuvant therapy for gastric cancer: Insights from a multicenter retrospective analysis
No full textIdentification of novel diagnostic and prognostic microRNAs in sarcoma on TCGA dataset: bioinformatics and machine learning approach
No full textThe discovery of unique microRNA (miR) patterns and their corresponding genes in sarcoma patients indicates their involvement in cancer development and suggests their potential use in medical management. MiRs were identified from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset, with a Deep Neural Network (DNN) employed for novel miR identification. MiRDB facilitated target predictions. Functional enrichment analysis, identify critical pathways, protein-protein interaction network, and diseases/clinical data correlations were explored. COX regression, Kaplan-Meier analyses, and CombioROC was also utilized. The population consisted of 119 females and 142 males, and 1046 miRs were uncovered. Ten miRs was selected for further analysis using DNN. Upon analyzing for gene ontology, it was found that these genes showed enrichment in various activities. We identified a significant association between the overall survival rate of sarcoma patients and miRs levels. The combination of miR.3688 and miR.3936 achieved the greatest diagnostic standing. MiRs have the capability to screen sarcoma patients to identify undetected tumors, predict prognosis, and pinpoint prospective targets for treatment. Further large clinical trials are required to validate our findings
Correction: Decellularized skin pretreatment by monophosphoryl lipid A and lactobacillus casei supernatant accelerate skin recellularization
No full textThe original article has been published with incorrect Fig. 4a; for completeness and transparency, the old incorrect version and the corrected version of Fig. 4 are displayed below. The original article has been corrected. Incorrect version of Fig. 4. Recellularization of FAMs by hucMSCs on days 4, 8, and 12. (a) H&E staining in different days showed that MPLA-treated FAMs resulted in the most effective recellularization on the 12th day (200x magnification). (b) Fluorescent staining with Hoechst. The nuclei of the cells are bright spots, which are more fluorescent in the MPLA-treated FAM, on day 12 (100x magnification). (c) SEM images of recellularized MPLA treated-FAMs showed a significant increase in the number of migrated cells on day 12 compared to other groups Correct version of Fig. 4. Recellularization of FAMs by hucMSCs on days 4, 8, and 12. (a) H&E staining in different days showed that MPLA-treated FAMs resulted in the most effective recellularization on the 12th day (200x magnification). (b) Fluorescent staining with Hoechst. The nuclei of the cells are bright spots, which are more fluorescent in the MPLA-treated FAM, on day 12 (100x magnification). (c) SEM images of recellularized MPLA treated-FAMs showed a significant increase in the number of migrated cells on day 12 compared to other group
The comparison of two types of physiotherapy techniques on selected weaning indices of patients requiring mechanical ventilation: a single blind randomized controlled trial
No full textChest physiotherapy, a key component of bronchial hygiene therapy, plays an important role in the overall management and care of patients who require Mechanical Ventilation (MV). We compared the effects of two types of physiotherapy techniques on selected weaning indices of patients requiring MV. We conducted a single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial with pre- and post-measurements in 60 patients requiring MV. Randomization was performed via block randomization with Sequential Numbered Opaque Sealed Envelopes. Participants were randomized into (1) lung squeezing technique (LST) or (2) chest vibration and percussion technique (CVPT). Data collection was carried out using a researcher-created checklist that comprised two sections. The first section gathered patient demographic information, while the second section functioned as a vital sign record sheet. This vital sign record was further divided: the initial part documented systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, oxygen saturation, and RSBI prior to the intervention, and the follow-up part captured the same vital signs at intervals of 5- and 25-minutes post-intervention. There was no statistically significant difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation scores of the two study groups at baseline and at 5- and 25-minute intervals post-intervention (P > 0.05). However, in terms of rapid, shallow breathing index (RSBI), a significant difference was observed between the two groups scores at baseline (LST: 38.5 (36.2–44.1) vs. CVPT: 35.2 (33.7–38); P < 0.0), 5-minutes post-intervention (LST: 36.6 (34.3–44) vs. CVPT: 34.8 (32.2–36.9); P < 0.05) and 25-minutes post-intervention (LST: 37.1 (32.5–44.4) vs. CVPT: 34 (32.5–35.8); P < 0.05). The results demonstrated that LST outperformed CVPT in enhancing the RSBI, which serves as a weaning index for patients requiring MV. This suggests that LST may facilitate earlier weaning and extubation for these patients. IRCT20091215002861N18, 09/12/2022. Trial Registration Number: IRCT20091215002861N1
Providing Ethical Care for Children with Cancer: Nurses’ Perspectives
No full textBackground: Diagnosing a child with cancer is one of the most intense and challenging experiences that a family can face. Caring for children with cancer is one of the most challenging areas of the nursing profession, technically and emotionally, and nurses face various ethical issues in this regard. This study aims to explore nurses' perceptions of providing ethical care for children with cancer. Materials and Methods: This study applied a qualitative design and a purposive sampling method. Participants included 21 nurses with experience in caring for children with cancer. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using inductive content analysis. Results: Data analysis revealed three categories and seven subcategories. First, barriers to providing ethical care (subcategories: parents making decisions instead of the child, cultural misinterpretations, and reference to fortune-tellers). Second, facilitators of providing ethical care (subcategories: family hopefulness and parents' religious background). Third, approaches for providing ethical care (subcategories: the necessity of conducting research in the field of cultural backgrounds and the establishment of ethical-religious committees). Conclusions: This study presents some significant barriers, facilitators, and approaches to providing ethical care for children with cancer. These results are based on nurses' experiences and perceptions. All healthcare professionals can use our results to provide high-quality and ethical care for children with cancer
Corrigendum to “Ellagic acid through attenuation of neuro-inflammatory response exerted antidepressant-like effects in socially isolated mice” [Heliyon Volume 9, Issue 4, April 2023, Article e15550]
No full textIn this article, 3 citations [32,44,47] were duplicated references in the article. Reference 34 is a duplication of reference 28. Reference 42 is a duplication of reference 13. Reference 47 is a duplication of reference 46. The original references can be found below: [13] S. Amiri, A. Haj-Mirzaian, H. Amini-khoei, A. Shirzadian, M. Rahimi-Balaei, A. Razmi et al., Lithium attenuates the proconvulsant effect of adolescent social isolation stress via involvement of the nitrergic system, Epilepsy Behav. 61 (2016) 6–13. [18] Y. Jia, L. Liu, C. Sheng, Z. Cheng, L. Cui, M. Li et al., Increased serum levels of cortisol and inflammatory cytokines in people with depression, J. Nerv. Ment. Dis.207 (4) (2019) 271–276. [34] S. Amiri, H. Amini-Khoei, A. Haj-Mirzaian, M. Rahimi-Balaei, P. Naserzadeh, A. Dehpour et al., Tropisetron attenuated the anxiogenic effects of social isolation by modulating nitrergic system and mitochondrial function, Biochim. Biophys. Acta Gen. Subj. 1850 (12) (2015) 2464–2475. [42] S. Amiri, A. Haj-Mirzaian, H. Amini-Khoei, A. Shirzadian, M. Rahimi-Balaei, A. Razmi et al., Lithium attenuates the proconvulsant effect of adolescent social isolation stress via involvement of the nitrergic system, Epilepsy Behav. 61 (2016) 6–13. [46] H.A. Bedel, C. Kencebay Manas, G. Ozbey, C. Usta, The antidepressant-like activity of ellagic acid and its effect on hippocampal brain derived neurotrophic factor levels in mouse depression models, Nat. Prod. Res. 32 (24) (2018) 2932–2935. [47] H.A. Bedel, C. Kencebay Manas, G. Özbey, C. Usta, The antidepressant-like activity of ellagic acid and its effect on hippocampal brain derived neurotrophic factor levels in mouse depression models, Nat. Prod. Res. 32 (24) (2018) 2932–2935. The reference list has been ammended to remove the duplicated references. Reference 34 has been removed from the list as it is a duplicate of reference 28 (S. Amiri, H. Amini-Khoei, A. Haj-Mirzaian, M. Rahimi-Balaei, P. Naserzadeh, A. Dehpour et al., Tropisetron attenuated the anxiogenic effects of social isolation by modulating nitrergic system and mitochondrial function, Biochim. Biophys. Acta Gen. Subj. 1850 (12) (2015) 2464–2475.) All citations to reference 34 should now be associated with reference 28. Reference 42 has been removed from the list as it is a duplicate of reference 13 (Amiri S, Haj-Mirzaian A, Amini-Khoei H, Shirzadian A, Rahimi-Balaei M, Razmi A et al. Lithium attenuates the proconvulsant effect of adolescent social isolation stress via involvement of the nitrergic system. Epilepsy & Behavior. 2016; 61:6–13.) All citations to reference 42 should now be associated with reference 13. Reference 47 has been removed from the list as it is a duplicate of reference 46 (Bedel HA, Kencebay Manas C, Özbey G, Usta C. The antidepressant-like activity of ellagic acid and its effect on hippocampal brain derived neurotrophic factor levels in mouse depression models. Natural product research. 2018; 32(24):2932-5.). All citations to references 47 should now be associated with reference 46. The authors apologize for the errors
Prevalence and Diversity of Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Small Ruminants in Iran: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
No full textPurpose: Gastrointestinal nematodiasis is a significant challenge in small ruminant breeding. The present systematic review and meta-analysis shed light on the frequency and distribution of the infection in a nationwide perspective. Methods: The review used 34 animal level datasets retrieved from 26 published articles and the pooled estimates were calculated using a random-effects model analysis. Results: Altogether, 9690 small ruminants were examined post-mortem or by coproscopy, among which 4193 animals were infected with GINs, showing a weighted prevalence of 55% (95% CI 44–66%). Reports were documented in 12 provinces with the highest frequency in Eastern Azerbaijan (77%), Kermanshah (76.04%), and Guilan (71.62%). Moreover, the highest prevalences were estimated among goats [61% (95% CI 48–74%)] and in coproscopy [67% (95% CI 57–78%)]. The reported GINs represented 15 genera, including Haemonchus contortus, Marshallagia marshalli, Trichuris spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Ostertaginae species, Gongylonema pulchrum, Nematodirus spp., Parabronema skrjabini, Skrjabinema ovis, Chabertia ovina, Cooperia punctata, Camelostrongylus mentulatus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, and Oesophagostomum venulosum. The most isolated nematode species in sheep and goats belonged to H. contortus [7.44% (95% CI 6.78–8.13%] and Trichuris spp. [18.42% (95% CI 16.54–20.41%)]. Conclusion: A considerable parasitic prevalence was calculated in small ruminants in Iran, demanding strategic interventions for better control the GIN infections and decrease the worms burden and their consequences in sheep and goat population in Iran
The effect of job stress on fertility, its intention, and infertility treatment among the workers: a systematic review
No full textIntroduction: The effect of job stress on childbearing is an important but less known consequence. Three important agents for childbearing include fertility, its intention, and infertility treatment. The adverse effect of job stress on these agents remains controversial. Therefore, this systematic review study aimed to investigate the effect of job stress on them. Methods: Four electronic bibliographic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched up to 25 November 2023. The combinations of three groups of keywords were used. The first group of keywords included “job”, “occup*, work, and indust* and the second group consisted of stress, distress, and strain. The third group of keywords comprised pregnancy rate, fertility, infertility, fecundability, and childlessness. Then, the articles were screened by researchers. In the next step, the researchers extracted the information from the selected papers. To assess their quality, critical appraisal tools of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) were used. Results: Sixteen papers were entered into this study. Based on the results, job stress showed significant associations in 5 out of 8 studies on fertility, 3 out of 3 studies on fertility intention, and 6 out of 8 studies on infertility treatment process. Some probable mechanisms include the physiological effects of job stress on fertility, the effect of changed behavioral habits due to job stress on fertility, the psychological effects of job stress on fertility intention, and the effect of job stress on the infertility treatment process. Conclusions: The results showed that job stress may affect fertility, its intention, and the infertility treatment process among people. Therefore, it is required that necessary measures are planned and performed to decrease job stress and strain in workplaces