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Foreks piyasaları ve Türkiye'de yasal düzenlemeler sonrası uygulama değşikliklerinin analizi
No full textBretton Woods para sisteminin 1974 yılında resmen sona ermesi ile birlikte
oluşmaya başladığı kabul edilen Foreks piyasaları, ulaştığı günlük yaklaşık 5.5 trilyon
dolarlık işlem hacmi ile dünyadaki en büyük tezgâhüstü piyasadır. Bu çalışmamızda
Türkiye‟de 2011 yılına kadar yasal bir düzenlemeye tabi olmayan Foreks piyasalarının,
yapılan yasal düzenlemeler sonrasındaki uygulama değişikliklerinin incelenmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Foreks‟in dünyadaki gelişimi ve bu konuda etkin olan
ülkelerdeki uygulamalar incelenmiş ve Türkiye‟deki uygulamalar ile karşılaştırılmıştır.
Türkiye‟de Foreks piyasaları, 2017 yılına kadar olan süreçte dünya uygulamalarına benzer
bir yapı göstermiş, piyasa genel bir gelişme ve yükselme eğilimine sahip olmuştur.
Bununla birlikte Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu‟nun 2017 yılı şubat ayında kaldıraç oranını
düşürme ve başlangıç teminatını yükseltme uygulaması ile beraber Foreks işlem hacimleri
Türkiye‟de dramatik bir şekilde düşüş göstermiştir. Ülkemizde Foreks piyasalarının
canlandırılması ve alınması gereken önlemler konusunda düzenleyici otoriteye, işlem
aracılarına ve piyasa yatırımcılarına önerilerde bulunmaya çalışılmıştır.
The Forex market, which is accepted as having formed during the official collapse
of the Bretton Woods monetary system in 1974, is the largest over-the-counter market in
the world with a transaction volume of approximately $ 5.5 trillion per day. The aim of this
study, is to examine the changes in the practices of Forex markets after legal regulations
were carried out, which the Forex markets had never been subjected to before 2011 in
Turkey. For this purpose, the development of Forex in the world and the applications in the
countries that are active in this issue are examined and compared with the applications in
Turkey. In Turkey, Forex markets have shown a similar structure to world applications in
the period up to 2017, and the market showed a general development and upward
tendency. However, with the Capital Markets Board decreasing the leverage ratio and
raising the initial collateral in February 2017, the Forex trading volumes have dropped
dramatically in Turkey. We have tried to offer suggestions to regulatory authorities, trading
agents and market investors about the activation of Forex markets in our country and the
measures to be taken
Taşınabilir sensörlerden aktivite ve kişi tanıma
No full textİnsan fiziksel aktivitelerinin ve ilgili aktiviteyi yapan kişinin uzaktan tespiti, çeşitli alanlarda ihtiyaç duyulan önemli bir konudur. Bu amaçla giyilebilir hareket sensörlerinin kullanımı son yıllarda yaygınlaşmıştır. Bu tezde ivmeölçer, jiroskop ve manyetometre vasıtası ile hareket ve kişi tanıma üzerine çalışılmıştır. Sensörlerden elde edilen veriler üzerinden çıkarılan zaman, frekans ve dalgacık uzayı öznitelikleri ile Random Forest, J48, Adaboost ve Desicion Stump ikilisi, Support Vector Machine ve k-NN gibi öğrenme algoritmaları sınıflandırma amaçlı kullanılmıştır. Buna ek olarak, elde edilen sınıflandırma performansını geliştirmek için; filtreleme, öznitelik seçimi, sensör füzyonu gibi yöntemler denenmiştir.
Bahsi geçen yöntemler, hem erişime açık veri kümelerinde hem de bu çalışma kapsamında toplanan el aktivitesi verileri üzerinde denenmiş ve sonuçları raporlanmıştır.
Remotely detecting an activity and the person who performs this activity is an important issue that is needed in various fields. For this purpose, the usage of wearable motion sensors has been widespread in recent years. In this thesis, motion and person recognition were studied by means of accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer. The time, frequency and wavelet features were extracted from the data obtained from the sensors and learning algorithms such as Random Forest, J48, Adaboost and Desicion Stump, Support Vector Machine and k-NN were used for classification purposes. In addition, in order to improve the classification performance obtained; filtering, feature selection, fusion of sensors have been tried. The methods mentioned have been tried on both the open access data sets and hand activity data collected within the scope of this study, and the results have been reported
Analysis of interior design requirements for kindergarten classrooms with respect to learning environment elements
No full textPreschool education is the most crucial stage of children’s physical, social, cognitive and emotional development. Nowadays it is very common that both parents work, while their kids are cared by teachers, therefore an effective classroom design should provide the child with the right facilities for the efficient development of his/her personality since they spend much of their time in such settings. The present study gathers the overall information of elements within learning environments, children’s needs and the response of surveyed teachers. Providing general considerations for an effective implementation of three alternative teaching methods within learning environments. The study analyzes the interaction of three teaching methods with the classroom design and it suggests what responsible educational institutions and especially designers can do at a general level to contribute to the improvement of early education. The study is designed using descriptive research method, scientific observation and to collect data 24 participants from Ankara (Turkey) were surveyed. Three different schools were analyzed by means of interior design criteria within learning environments to determine how classroom design supports the teaching-learning process and follows the principles of three teaching methods. Existing research and the data gathered were subsequently used to provide considerations for a proper design of a kindergarten classroom, supportive for the activities that both children and teachers perform on a daily basis, also within this framework the elements that contribute to children skills development as features of the learning environment were determined.
Okul öncesi eğitim çocukların bedensel, sosyal, bilişsel ve duygusal gelişimi için en önemli evredir. Günümüz şartları gereği ebeveynlerin çalışmasıyla birlikte, çocuklar erken yaştan itibaren yuvaya gitmekte ve öğretmenler tarafından eğitilip, bakılmaktadır. Çocukların zamanlarının büyük bir bölümünü geçirdikleri bu ortamlarda, kişiliklerinin verimli bir şekilde gelişmesi açısından, etkin bir sınıf tasarımının sağlanması gereği ortadadır. Bu güncel çalışma, günümüz öğrenme alanları içerisinde etkin olarak kullanılan üç öğretim yöntemini esas almaktadır. Çalışmada STEM Eğitimi, Çoklu Zeka Teorisi ve Montessori Metod’un birbiri ile etkileşimi analiz edilmiş ve ortak hedefler öğretici çevre değerleri açısından ele alınarak, sınıf iç mekan tasarım gereksinimlerine yanıt aranmıştır. Bu bağlamda, tanımlayıcı araştırma yöntemi, bilimsel gözlem ve anket üzerinden değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Üç farklı method ile eğitim veren anaokullarının öğrenme ve öğretme süreci verileri alınmış ve sınıf iç mekanları incelenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, eğitim modellerinin ortak hedefleri gözetilerek, öğretici çevre mekansal değerleri açısından ele alınmış ve sınıf iç mekanlarında alfa jenerasyonuna yönelik beceri ve gelişimlerini destekleyici iç mekan gereksinimleri değerlendirilmiştir
Imaging Characteristics of Stafne Bone Cavity: Pictorial Essay
No full textBackground: Stafne bone cavities (SBCs) are typically seen on panoramic radiographs as unilocular, rounded or ovoid shaped, welldefined corticated radiolucencies that are located between the mandibular first molar and the angle of the mandible below the inferior alveolar canal, but they may rarely have different radiographic appearances and locations.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the imaging features of SBC presenting various typical and atypical features and to show the contribution of different imaging techniques to diagnosis.
Patients and Methods: Seventeen patients who had a panoramic radiograph that revealed an image compatible with SBC were investigated in this study. In addition to panoramic radiography, lateral oblique mandible projection for three patients, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for nine patients, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for two patients were performed to determine the exact location of the cavity and to confirm the diagnosis.
Results: Seventeen patients were diagnosed with SBC. Two patients had bilobed SBC, one patient had a SBC on the buccal surface of the posterior mandible, one patient had a SBC located in the ramus mandible, one patient had a SBC located in the canine-premolar region namely anterior lingual variant as rare conditions.
Conclusion: Imaging techniques such as CBCT and MRI have provided detailed information about definitive diagnosis of SBC in addition to panoramic radiographs. These techniques show the size, location and content of the SBC. If the SBC is atypical, complementary imaging techniques gain more importance
Protective effect of Nigella sativa oil on acoustic trauma induced hearing loss in rats
No full textAcoustic trauma is a common reason for hearing loss. Different agents are used to prevent the harmful effect of acoustic trauma on hearing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential preventive effect of Nigella sativa (black cumin) oil in acoustic trauma. Our experimental study was conducted with 20 Sprague Downey female rats (mean age, 12 months; mean weight 250 g). All of the procedures were held under general anesthesia. Following otoscopic examinations, baseline-hearing thresholds were obtained using auditory brainstem responses (ABR). To create acoustic trauma, the rats were then exposed to white band noise of 4 kHz with an intensity level of 107 dB in a soundproof testing room. On Day 1 following acoustic trauma, hearing threshold measurements were repeated. The rats were divided into two groups as the study group (n: 10) and the controls (n: 10). 2 mL/kg/day of Nigella sativa oil was given to the rats in the study group orally. On Day 4 following acoustic trauma, ABR measurements were repeated again. There was no difference between the baseline hearing thresholds of the rats before acoustic trauma (P>0.005). After the acoustic trauma, hearing thresholds were increased and there was no significant statistically difference between the hearing thresholds of the study and control groups (P=0.979). At the 4th day following acoustic trauma, hearing thresholds of the rats in control group were found to be higher than those in the study group (P=0.03). Our results suggest that Nigella sativa oil has a protective effect against acoustic trauma in early period. This finding should be supported with additional experimental and clinical studies, especially to determine the optimal dose, duration and frequency of potential Nigella sativa oil therapy
Metoclopramide-induced acute dystonic reaction misinterpreted as conversion disorder and seizure
No full textMetoclopramide, an antiemetic, is the most common cause of drug-induced dystonic reactions.
20-year-old female patient, complaining of involuntary bilateral upward medial deviation of the eyes, generalized muscle contractions and uncontrollable cry was brought into the emergency department(ED) by an ambulance. The diagnosis of the ambulance crew was conversion or seizure. The patient has all of dystonic reaction symptoms, including facial, neck, back, and extremity spasms, opisthotonus, oculogyric crisis, torticollis, trismus. The history revealed 40 mg of metoclopramide intake. Biperiden (5 mg) was infused in 100 ml saline. Symptoms were completely resolved. She was discharged from the ED.
Drug-induced dystonic reactions can be confused with conversion, seizures, encephalitis, tetanus and hypocalcemic tetany. It is important for emergency physicians to know the drugs that may have dystonic reaction as potential side effects, recognize the clinical presentation of drug-induced dystonic reactions, and properly manage them in the ED
Correlations between problem and solution domain measures of open source software
No full textSoftware size measurement and effort estimation methodologies in use today usually take the detailed requirements of software to be developed as the primary input and a certain amount of time and expertise is needed for size measurement. This paper analyzes the open source projects' correlations between the problem domain measures (the number of nouns and verbs) and solution domain measures (the number of software classes and methods). In this paper, 27 open source software projects are analyzed. Linear regression and cross validation techniques are applied to investigate the relation between the sizes of problem domain (i.e., conceptual) and solution domain (i.e., design) measures. The results reveal a strong correlation between the problem domain measures and the solution domain measures constituting the corresponding software. The results suggest that it is possible to use problem domain descriptions in the early stages of software development projects to make plausible predictions for the size and effort of the software
Comparison of clinical outcome with different treatment regimens in acute adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis
No full textPurpose To compare the clinical outcome with different treatment regimens in Acute Adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis (AAK).
Methods The records of 110 patients diagnosed as AAK in two tertiary eye care centers were evaluated retrospectively. The treatment regimen, follow-up duration, time until improvement of the symptoms, visual acuity, clinical findings, Schirmer's test and the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score at the first day, first week and third week were recorded. The Kruskal-Wallis Test and Chi-square test were used for comparison of quantitative and categorical variables, respectively.
Results Forty six patients were receiving topical corticosteroids (Group 1), 32 topical 2% Cyclosporin A (CsA) (Group 2) and 32 only artificial tears (Group 3). Mean time until resolution of the symptoms was lowest in Group 1 (9.5 +/- 4.9 days) and highest in Group 3 (13.3 +/- 4.2 days)(p: 0.001). OSDI scores at the first and third weeks were highest in Group 3 (52.4 +/- 16.4 and 32.3 +/- 13.0) and lowest in Group 1 (41.0 +/- 21.3 and 23.9 +/- 13.2)(p: 0.01 and p: 0.009). At day 21, percentage of the patients with subepthelial infiltrates was the highest in Group 3 (63.4%) and lowest in Group 1 (42.5%).
Conclusions The symptoms were less severe and had a shorter duration with topical corticosteroids and CsA when compared with palliative therapy. Topical 2% CsA may inhibit development of corneal subepithelial infiltrates when used in the acute phase of infection, similar to corticosteroids
Retroperitoneal Schwannoma: A Case Report
No full textSchwannomas are benign tumors originating from Schwann cells of the neural sheaths. Only 0.3% to 3% of the schwannomas are located the retroperitoneal space. Most schwannomas are asymptomatic and often found incidentally. The ideal treatment is complete surgical excision. Here, we report a case of a 49-year-old woman with retroperitoneal schwannoma
Analysis of the patients admitted to emergency department due to urogenital trauma and investigation of factors that affect mortality
No full textObjective: To determine the general characteristics of urogenital trauma, and the factors that impact on mortality.
Methods: Patients who were over 18 years of age admitted to the emergency service with urogenital injury between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2014 were evaluated retrospectively. Age, gender, type of trauma, injured urogenital organs, vital parameters, additional organ injuries and mortality rate were investigated. Categorical variables were compared by using Chi-square test and comparing to groups data were performed with the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The median age of 174 patients was 35 years (interquartile range: 22), and 150 patients (86.2%) were males. It was determined that the incidence of urogenital trauma increased in August and September. The kidney was the most frequently injured organ (41.4%) and the most common cause of injury was traffic accidents (49.4%). Mean arterial pressure and revised trauma score were the lowest while pulse rate was the highest in renal trauma patients (P < 0.05). Mean arterial pressure, revised trauma score and respiratory rate were low in mortal group while pulse rate and Glasgow coma scale scores were significantly higher (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: It is determined that the most common injured organs in trauma patients are kidneys and bladder and also no single factor is effective on mortality