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Platelet-rich plasma decreases fibroblastic activity and woven bone formation with no significant immunohistochemical effect on long-bone healing: An experimental animal study with radiological outcomes
No full textPurpose: This study aimed to analyze the immunohistochemical effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on healing of long-bone fractures in terms of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the Ki-67 proliferation index, and radiological and histological analyses.
Methods: Sixteen adult rabbits, whose right femoral diaphysis was fractured and fixed with Kirschner wires, were randomly divided into two groups, control and PRP (groups A and B, respectively). PRP was given to group B at 1 week postoperatively, and all animals were euthanized after 12 weeks. Radiographic evaluations were performed periodically. Cortical callus formation, chondroid and woven bone area percentages, osteoblastic and fibroblastic activities, and mature bone formation were examined. The depths of BMP-2 and VEGF staining were measured. The Ki-67 proliferation index was also calculated.
Results: The mean radiological union score of group B was significantly higher than that of group A. There were also statistically significant differences between groups A and B in terms of cortical callus formation, woven bone area percentage, fibroblast proliferation, and mature bone formation. Group B had significantly more cortical callus and mature bone formation with less woven bone and fibroblast proliferation. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of BMP-2 and VEGF staining and the Ki-67 index.
Conclusions: PRP had no effect on BMP-2 or VEGF levels with no increase in the Ki-67 proliferation index, although its application had a positive effect on bone healing by increasing callus and mature bone formation with decreased woven bone and fibroblast proliferation
Possible Association of Papillophlebitis with Guillain-Barre Syndrome: Case Report
No full textIn this case report, we presented a patient with visual deterioration as a result of papillophlebitis in the right eye who was later diagnosed with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Upon systemic and laboratory work-up to determine the etiology of papillophlebitis, the diagnosis of GBS was made and treatment was initiated immediately. The ocular and systemic symptoms resolved quickly after starting intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. We present this case to emphasize the importance of etiological diagnosis in papillophlebitis and the unusual presentation of GBS
A Retrospective Evaluation of the Epithelial Changes/Lesions and Neoplasms of the Gallbladder in Turkey and a Review of the Existing Sampling Methods: A Multicentre Study
No full textObjective: As there is continuing disagreement among the observers on the differential diagnosis between the epithelial changes/lesions and neoplasms of the gallbladder, this multicentre study was planned in order to assess the rate of the epithelial gallbladder lesions in Turkey and to propose microscopy and macroscopy protocols.
Material and Method: With the participation of 22 institutions around Turkey that were included in the Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Study Group, 89,324 cholecystectomy specimens sampled from 2003 to 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. The numbers of adenocarcinomas, dysplasias, intracholecystic neoplasms/adenomas, intestinal metaplasias and reactive atypia were identified with the review of pathology reports and the regional and countrywide incidence rates were presented in percentages.
Results: Epithelial changes/lesions were reported in 6% of cholecystectomy materials. Of these epithelial lesions, 7% were reported as adenocarcinoma, 0.9% as high-grade dysplasia, 4% as low-grade dysplasia, 7.8% as reactive/regenerative atypia, 1.7% as neoplastic polyp, and 15.6% as intestinal metaplasia. The remaining lesions (63%) primarily included non-neoplastic polypoids/hyperplastic lesions and antral/pyloric metaplasia. There were also differences between pathology laboratories.
Conclusion: The major causes of the difference in reporting these epithelial changes/lesions and neoplasms include the differences related to the institute's oncological surgery frequency, sampling protocols, geographical dissimilarities, and differences in the diagnoses/interpretations of the pathologists. It seems that the diagnosis may change if new sections are taken from the specimen when any epithelial abnormality is seen during microscopic examination of the cholecystectomy materials
Comparison between corneal cross-linking, topical antibiotic and combined therapy in experimental bacterial keratitis model
No full textPurpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of an experimental bacterial keratitis model on the corneal collagen cross-linking treatment (CXL), and also to compare topical antibiotic treatment with the combined treatment.
Methods: The study involved 40 young adult female Sprague Dawley rats, which had a 2 mm scraped defect of the central corneal epithelium in both eyes. The rats were divided into two equal groups. The first group was inoculated in both eyes with standard Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (PA) from a strain suspension prepared from 0.05 ml (Group 1), and the second group was inoculated with standard Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) strains from a suspension prepared from 0.05 ml (Group 2). Group 1 was divided into four sub-groups: Group 1A was treated by collagen cross-linking (CXL), Group 1C was treated with topical tobramycin drops CXL and also treated by collagen cross-linking (CXL), Group 1D was treated with topical tobramycin drops, and Group 1B was left untreated in order to create a control group. Similarly, Group 2 was also divided into four sub-groups: Group 2A was treated by CXL, Group 2C was treated with topical 5% fortified vancomycin drops CXL and also treated by CXL, Group 2D was treated with topical 5% fortified vancomycin drops, and Group 2B was left untreated in order to create a control group. CXL was performed on the third day following the inoculation and topical drop therapy. Biomicroscopy and microbiologic assessments were performed on the third and seventh days following the inoculation of microorganisms.
Results: In the treatment, which compared baselines in all groups before treatment, the diameter of keratitis infiltrations, corneal clouding, and corneal swab samples were obtained from the reduction in reproduction. The results were statistically significant (p < 0.01). Keratitis infiltration groups were conducted on the seventh day for Groups 1C and 1D according to Group 1B, whilst Groups 2A, 2C and 2D were conducted according to Group 2B, which showed a significant statistical reduction (p < 0.01). On the seventh day, focal groups were conducted in corneal clouding Group 1D according to Group 1B and in Groups 2A, 2C and 2D according to Group 2B, which revealed a significant statistical reduction (p < 0.01). On the seventh day, reproduction in culture was obtained from corneal swab samples in Groups 1C and 1D according to Group 1B; in Groups 1C and 1D according to Group 1A; in Groups 2A, 2C and 2D according to Group 2B; and in Group 2C according to Group 2A, where a significant statistical reduction was observed (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: The clinical and microbiological efficacy of the CXL treatment is evaluated in our study. In accordance with the conclusion reached an effective reduction in the density and severity of (infection), occurred as a result of CXL treatment, CXL treatment combined with topical antibiotic treatment and topical antibiotic treatment of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa (PA) and Metisilin Rezistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) keratitis infections. From these results, it is shown that topical antibiotics and CXL potentiate each other's effects in the treatment of resistant bacterial keratitis
Evaluation of pancreatic exocrine functions in rheumatoid arthritis
No full textBACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases. It mainly involves the joints and also affects directly or indirectly nearly all organ systems. The question whether RA causes exocrine pancreatic disfunction remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether or not RA contributes to pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. This was done by ruling out seconder Sjogren's syndrome (SjS) by using Schirmer's test.
METHODS: A total of 60 patients (20 RA, 20 RA + SjS and 20 SjS) and 20 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Patients with RA who had not undergonethe Schirmer's test in the last 6 months and all healthy volunteers included in the study underwent the Schirmer's test at an outpatient clinic. Random fecal samples were taken from all participants and fecal pancreatic elastase was measured to evaluate pancreatic exocrine functions.
RESULTS: In the study, a statistically significant difference was found between the control group, SjS and RA+SjS groups. But there was no significant difference between the control group and RA group. In RA group, fecal elastase levels were statistically significantly higher compared to the SjS group. But there was no significant difference between RA+SjS and SjS groups.
CONCLUSION: Fecal elastase significantly decreased in SjS compared to the normal population while pancreatic exocrine functions are considered to be impaired in SjS. There are also impaired pancreatic exocrine functions in the secondary SjS associated with RA. Consequently, pancreatic exocrine dysfunction, which can be seen in patients with RA, may be thought to be caused by secondary SjS associated with RA (Tab. 6, Fig. 1, Ref. 19). Text in PDF www.elis.sk
THE APPROACH OF ATATURK TO RELATIONS BETWEEN TURKEY AND ALBANIA BEFORE THE PROCLAMATION OF MONARCHY, IN THE LIGHT OF THE DIARIES OF RAUF FICO, THE MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY OF ANKARA
No full textThe diaries of RaufFico, Albanian Minister Plenipotentiary to Ankara, gives a lot of useful information about Albania-Turkey relations that had not been stumbled across in the literature until today. The aim of this study is to point out Atatiirk's views on relations between Albania and Turkey, Albania and Italy, as well as his suggestions to Albanian envoy in Ankara about how to overcome the Albanian dependency on Italy. The research is based on the diaries of Fico, Albanian Minister Plenipotentiary to Ankara. The study is limited with focusing on the Italian factor in Albania's relations with Turkey rather than examining all aspects of the relationship between the two independent countries.
Fico had had formal education in the Ottoman Empire and occupied bureaucratic posts such as being provincial governor and following independence of Albania started to work for Albanian government as an important diplomat. Therefore, his diaries provide us a plenty of information on the question of Albania's relations with Turkey as well as with Italy, particularly between 1925 and 1928 during which there had been a Republican regime in Albania.
In fact, Fico's diaries give perfect information about close relations between Turkey and Albania and the importance given by Mustafa Kemal Atatiirk on these relations at bilateral level, at least until the destruction of the Republican regime by Ahmet Zogu who would proclaim himself as the King of Albania in 1928. The content of the Fico's diaries are very rich in a way that they consist problems of Orthodox Albanians in Istanbul, positions of Albanians in Kosovo, the exchange of Albanian Chams, reforms in Turkey, assassination attempt to Atatirk in izmir and main themes in Nutuk. It should be kept in mind that the scope of this study is confined, first, to suggestions of Ataturk to the Albanian government regarding getting rid of dependency on Italy, and second, to his foresight about Italy's position towards Albania and Turkey. In this respect, the Fico's diaries give invaluable information on all these subjects elaborated in this paper
Magnetic Resonance Guided Stereotactic Biopsy of Intracranial Lesions: Analysis of 310 Cases
No full textObjective: Stereotaxic biopsy is an important surgical procedure that provides definite diagnosis in brain lesions. It is possible to obtain diagnosis with minimal invasive manner in deeply located and critical localized lesions. There are large case series in the literature. We aimed to present our experience of magnetic resonance (MR) guided 310 stereotaxic biopsies in this study.
Method:We retrospectively evaluated age and gender distribution, locations of the lesions, histopathologic results, and complications of 310 cases which MR guided stereotactic biopsied was performed in our clinic between 2012 and 2018. In addition, technical information was also provided.
Results:Stereotactic frame application was performed with local anesthesia and surgical procedure was performed by under general anesthesia. Of 310 patients 169 were male (55%) and were 141 female (45%). Mean age was 57.28 (3-87). 184 of the lesions were hemispheric (59%), and the most common diagnosis was glioblastoma multiforme (34.19%). 8 patients were not diagnosed (2%). Complications developed in 13 cases (4%) and 2 of cases were died in the early phase due to the procedure (0.6%). Histopathological diagnostic success was 99%
Conclusion:The results of our study show that the stereotactic biopsy procedure applied in the MRI guideline is reliable and feasible with low complication rate and high effectiveness in cases where definitive histopathologic results are required for treatment planning
Relationship of Meteorological and Air Pollution Parameters with Pneumonia in Elderly Patients
No full textBackground and Purpose. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between pneumonia and meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, precipitation, airborne particles, sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrite oxide (NO), and nitric oxide (NOX)) in patients with the diagnosis of pneumonia in the emergency department. Methods. Our study was performed retrospectively with patients over 65 years of age who were diagnosed with pneumonia. The meteorological variables in the days of diagnosing pneumonia were compared with the meteorological variables in the days without diagnosis of pneumonia. he sociodemographic characteristics, complete blood count of the patients, and meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity, precipitation, airborne particles, SO2, CO, NO2, NO, and NOX) were investigated. Results. When the temperature was high and low, the number of days consulted due to pneumonia was related to low air temperature (p < 0.05). During the periods when PM 10, NO, NO2, NOX, and CO levels were high, the number of days referred for pneumonia was increased (p < 0.05). Conclusion. As a result, climatic (temperature, humidity, pressure levels, rain, etc.) and environmental factors (airborne particles, CO, NO, and NOX) were found to he effective in the number of patients admitted to the hospital due to pnewnonia
VDR gene FokI polymorphism as a poor prognostic factor for papillary thyroid cancer
No full textThis is the first study to investigate the effect of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms on the clinicopathologic features of papillary thyroid cancer in Turkey. A total of 165 patients with papillary thyroid cancer and 172 controls were included in this case–control study. VDR gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms FokI (rs2228570), BsmI (rs1544410), ApaI (rs7975232), and TaqI (rs731236) were evaluated using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. VDR gene polymorphisms BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI did not differ between the papillary thyroid cancer group and control group (p > 0.05, each). BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI were not associated with papillary thyroid cancer risk. The VDR gene FokI CT/TT genotype was associated with an increased papillary thyroid cancer risk (CT vs CC: odds ratio = 1.71, 95% confidence interval = 1.15–2.76, p = 0.028; TT vs CC: odds ratio = 2.44, 95% confidence interval = 1.29–4.62, p = 0.005; CT/TT vs CC: odds ratio = 1.88, 95% confidence interval = 1.20–2.96, p = 0.006; CT/CC vs TT: odds ratio = 1.80, 95% confidence interval = 1.05–3.20, p = 0.041). VDR gene polymorphisms were not in linkage disequilibrium. The FokI TT genotype was associated with having T3 and T4, stage III/IV, extra-thyroidal invasion. The FokI CT/TT or TT genotype was associated with developing N1 status, multifocality, tumor size ≥10 mm, and treatment with radioiodine therapy. Persistence/recurrence did not differ between the FokI genotypes. Carriers of the FokI T allele were at an increased risk of more advanced tumor-node-metastasis stage, greater tumor size, multifocality, and extra-thyroidal invasion of papillary thyroid cancer compared with the CC genotype. VDR gene FokI T allele and TT genotype correlated with aggressiveness of papillary thyroid cancer; thus, FokI could be useful as a poor prognostic factor to assess the high risk of papillary thyroid cancer. © The Author(s) 2018
Coefficient estimates for a class containing quasi-convex functions
No full textIn the present study, we introduce the classes Q(CV) (mu, A, B) and Q(ST) (eta, A, B). Furthermore, we obtain coefficient bounds of these classes