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Working with tweets vs working with chats: an experiment on collaborative problem solving
No full textThis papers aims to explore how “working with tweets” differs from “working with chats”. With eight experimental sessions involving 120 Italian students, we investigate how the well known 140-characters limit and other subtle differences between Twitter and a typical instant messenger affect group problem solving performances. In our laboratory experiment, teams of the same size carry out a problem solving task communicating via Twitter or Skype instant messaging. Comparative group performance is measured in terms of successful task completion time. Our results show that the lower number and volume of text messages exchanged via Twitter does not negatively affect group performance: Twitter teams are just as effective as Skype instant messaging teams. These results can be interpreted in accordance with the latest developments in multiple media choice and virtual team effectiveness theories, disclosing interesting windows of opportunities for “working with tweets” in the forthcoming organizational settings
Epilithic diatom assemblages and environmental quality of the Su Gologone karst spring (central-eastern Sardinia, Italy)
No full textKarst springs are considered among the most vulnerable groundwater-dependent ecosystems. Despite their ecological value and importance as strategic water sources, Mediterranean karst springs are still poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to analyse the epilithic diatom assemblages and to test their usefulness as indicators of environmental quality on the Su Gologone spring (central-eastern Sardinia, Italy), a biotope of great natural value and a precious source of drinking water. A total of 89 diatom taxa were found with 25 new records for Sardinian running waters. Species richness, Shannon-Wiener and Pielou indices showed good biotic integrity. The dominant taxa were alkaliphilous, halophobous-oligohalobous exigent, xeno- oligosaprobic and characteristic of oligotrophic waters. The eutrophication/pollution index − diatom based (EPI-D) and the Navicula Nitzschia Surirella indices indicated respectively an excellent/good biological water quality and a low physical disturbance. However, the biological and chemical oxygen demand, and the microbiological variables (E. coli, fecal and total coliforms) revealed an organic contamination of the water, although moderate. The judgment provided by the EPI-D should be verified after updating of the index. In fact, 10 taxa found in this study are not currently considered by the EPI-D method
Emergencies in neonatal management: jaundice and biliary atresia
No full textBiliary atresia is a severe and progressive inflammatory process of unknown cause, which initially involves the extrahepatic bile ducts but which quickly proceeds towards the intrahepatic bile tree leading rapidly to biliary cirrhosis. Biliary atresia is the major reason for liver transplantation during childhood. The extrahepatic bile ducts in biliary atresia become connective fibrotic cords which is irreversibly damaged
<i>Governance</i> economica europea e decisione di bilancio
Get PDFThe need to undertake a study on the public budget decision (from the point of view of constitutional law) is born in the light of the reform process that in the last few years has involved this subject.
The purpose of this dissertation is to verify whether the current, national and supranational, discipline has altered the fundamental characteristics described in the set of rules based on the constitutional text of '48; specifically the study aims to assess whether the current regulatory framework is in a relationship of continuity, or not, with the previous one. The text is divided into three parts: the first describes the paradigm of the public budget decision based on art. 81 of the Constitution before the 2012 reform; in the second, the relevant euro-normative legislation in this area is analyzed; while the last part explains the national rules in force
Using a GIS technology to plan an agroforestry sustainable system in Sardinia
No full textThis study was conducted with the aim to quantify the spread of livestock agroforestry in a Mediterranean ecosystem (island of Sardinia, Italy) and evaluate its sustainability in terms of grazing impact. By using GIS software
ArcMap 10.2.2, the map of Sardinia vegetal landscape, obtained by information of Sardinia nature map based on the classification of habitat according to CORINE-Biotopes system, have been overplayed with the map of livestock
grazing impact map CAIA developed by INTREGA (spin-off ENEA), to obtain for Meriagos (local agro-silvo-pastoral systems; classified “Dehesa 84.6” according to CORINE-Biotopes system), bushlands and woodlands, the surfaces under grazing and evaluate the extension of overgrazing for
each of them
The Ecology of defensive medicine and malpractice litigation
No full textUsing an evolutionary game, we show that patients and physicians can interact with predator-prey relationships. Litigious patients who seek compensation are the ‘predators’ and physicians are their ‘prey’. Physicians can adapt to the risk of being sued by performing defensive medicine. We find that improvements in clinical safety can increase the share of litigious patients and leave unchanged the share of physicians who perform defensive medicine. This paradoxical result is consistent with increasing trends in malpractice claims in spite of safety improvements, observed for example in empirical studies on anesthesiologists. Perfect cooperation with neither defensive nor litigious behaviors can be the Pareto-optimal solution when it is not a Nash equilibrium, so maximizing social welfare may require government intervention
Phenolic compounds in extra virgin olive oil stimulate human osteoblastic cell proliferation
No full textIn this study, we aimed to clarify the effects of phenolic compounds and extracts from different extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) varieties obtained from fruits of different ripening stages on osteoblast cells (MG-63) proliferation. Cell proliferation was increased by hydroxytyrosol, luteolin, apigenin, p-coumaric, caffeic, and ferulic acids by approximately 11–16%, as compared with controls that were treated with one vehicle alone, while (+)-pinoresinol, oleuropein, sinapic, vanillic acid and derivative (vanillin) did not affect cell proliferation. All phenolic extracts stimulated MG-63 cell growth, and they induced higher cell proliferation rates than individual compounds. The most effective EVOO phenolic extracts were those obtained from the Picual variety, as they significantly increased cell proliferation by 18–22%. Conversely, Arbequina phenolic extracts increased cell proliferation by 9–13%. A decline in osteoblast proliferation was observed in oils obtained from olive fruits collected at the end of the harvest period, as their total phenolic content decreases at this late stage. Further research on the signaling pathways of olive oil phenolic compounds involved in the processes and their metabolism should be carried out to develop new interventions and adjuvant therapies using EVOO for bone health (i.e.osteoporosis) in adulthood and the elderly
La Combinazione dolo-colpa nella preterintenzione: contro il regresso al <i>dolus indirectus</i>
No full textThe combination malice-negligence with reference to different elements of the same type of offence represents a framework which is becoming more frequent in the Italian criminal justice system. This combination should be valid also in the interpretation of unpremeditated offences, where the recent jurisprudence, differently, enhances a form of liability which is very close to dolus indirectus theorized by Carpzov and which covered the consequences usually deriving from a specific action. Affirming that in the malice of blows and injuries there is always the risk for the more serious event means to render unnoticeable the unpremeditation from dolus eventualis and accept an hidden objective liability. The principle of culpability imposes the scrutiny of a real negligence, even if it is discussed if it is realised in the same way in which it comes from licit activities.
La combinazione dolo-colpa con riferimento a elementi diversi della stessa fattispecie rappresenta uno schema che si sta sempre più affermando nel sistema penale italiano. Tale combinazione deve valere in via interpretativa anche per la preterintenzione, dove invece la recente giurisprudenza valorizza una forma di imputazione che si avvicina al dolus indirectus teorizzato da Carpzov e che copriva le conseguenze che derivano abitualmente da una determinata azione. Affermare che nel dolo di percosse e lesioni sta sempre il rischio per l'evento più grave significa rendere indistinguibile la preterintenzione dal dolo eventuale e accettare una responsabilità oggettiva occulta. Il principio di colpevolezza impone invece l'accertamento di una vera colpa, anche se è discusso se essa si concretizzi nello stesso modo in cui scaturisce da attività lecite
I Centri di cultura popolare dell'U.N.L.A. (1949-1978): il caso di studio della Sardegna
No full textThe "Centres for people's culture" were devised in 1949 by the National Union for the Fight against Illiteracy and worked in the rural areas of southern Italy, that were afflicted with the largest percentage of illiterates in the population. Moreover, the National Union placed in the Centres the ambitious target to provide illiterate with a tool, by which they could educate themselves to have an active and conscious relationship with the social and political life. The Centres for people's culture implemented a "school of democracy" to educate the citizens of the new Italy which was rising after fascist dictatorship and war. The "Centres for people's culture" had a common aspect by virtue of the general organization and ideal framework of the National Union for the Fight against Illiteracy. However, each Centre for people's culture was deeply immersed within its own community and regional environment, so each of them had a life influenced by different historical, cultural, social, and economic peculiarities. This paper faces the case of the Centres for people's culture which worked in Sardinia until 1978, to contribute for knowing better the history of the Centres
From ABC to ICP. Traumatic patients and traumatic brain injury: epidemiological end experimental studies in naturally affected stray small animals
No full textAims: To describe the main epidemiological variables in a Northern Sardinia stray animals population affected by traumatic injuries (TIs) and traumatic brain injury (TBI); to assess relationship between TBI, Animal Trauma Triage Score (ATT), Modified Glasgow Coma Scale (MGSC), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to give a prognosis; to compare Mannitol 18% and NaCl 3% in decreasing intracranial pressure in animals with natural TBI (pilot study).
Animals: 1500 animals, 850 TIs, 110 TBI, 4 in the pilot study.
Results: TIs affected 57.5% of stray population involved, particularly cats and males not neutered . Motor vehicle accident was the main cause of trauma. Cats were more subjected to severe and multiple injuries than dogs. Mortality was of 25.8% and ATT score and mortality had a good correlation. TBI can occurs in 12.9% and the 60% as multiple injury. Mortality was of 47.6% and complete neurological recovery occurred in 91.5 % of survivors. A good statistical relationship was found between MRI score and MGCS, ATT score demonstrated good prognostic utility. Intracranial pressure (ICP) direct measurement revealed high ICP in 3 patients; CPP value was low in 4. Mannitol and NaCl 3% caused in 2 patients immediate decrease in ICP and rose in CPP. ICP reduction was similar for both hyperosmotic agent.
Conclusion: ATT score, MGCS, MRI, ICP monitoring may therefore be a useful prognostic indicator in animal with TIs and TBI. Further research is needed to compare hyperosmotic drugs