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Note in tema di responsabilità medica in équipe
No full textSOMMARIO: 1. Il caso giuridico. – 2 La ripartizione delle responsabilità nell’attività medica di équipe: il principio di affidamento. - 3. Il caso di specie: la responsabilità del capo équipe. - 4. La responsabilità dei medici aventi posizioni non preminenti e degli infermieri. - 5. Conclusioni
Biosensori elettrochimici di tipo amperometrico di potenziale interesse nella caratterizzazione di produzioni agroalimentari
No full textIn this study, some thiophene-based conducting polymers, deposited on a WE surface, are used as a matrix for the entrapment of enzymes as glucose oxidase (GOx) for glucose detection and tyrosinase (Tyr) for cathecol detection. GOx was covalently immobilized on polythiophene film by cross-linking with 1-Cyclohexyl-3-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide metho-p-toluenesulfonate (CMC) (1) as condensing agent or albumin sierum bovine and glutaraldehyde (GA). Tyr was immobilized on the polymeric film by cross-linking with GA, or covalently by activation of carboxylic groups that are present in the some polythiophene structure using a solution of EDC/NHS (0.4/0.1 M). Amperometric response of biosensors at varying the concentration of analyte was recorded in a three-electrode cell containing phosphate buffer (pH 7). For GOx biosensor, a redox mediator (p-benzoquinone), was for electronic-excange. Biosensors performance have been checked in standard samples and for GOx biosensors in real samples.
Another bi-enzymatic biosensor based on Aldehyde dehydrogenase (β-NAD+ dependent) and Diaphorase for 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldheyde (HMF) detection was studied (2). Polypyrrole was used as matrix for the enzymes immobilization by entrapment or cross-linking with BSA and GA. Amperometric response of biosensor at varying the concentration of HMF was recorded in a three-electrode cell containing phosphate buffer pH 7,5 and [Fe(CN)6]3- as redox mediator.
1. Liu C. et al. Europ. Polym. J. 2007, Vol. 43, p. 3264-3276.
2. Lomillo M. A. et al. Electroanal. 2006, Vol. 18, p. 2435-2440
Vers une compétence informationnelle plurilingue : usages et représentations linguistiques de journalistes, professionnels "lecteurs producteurs" de l'information dans l'espace web.
No full textReceiving media content on the Web, considered as a global information space, is typified by an inherent paradox. Most of the time, information accessibility is not fully exploited. Confronted with « overinformation », users’ digital consultation is limited to restricted circles, even « hyperlocal ». Circles are mostly regulated by algorithm selection and by the use of translation and adaptation of the information to a target reader. This tendency accentuates the reader’s ethnocentrism, going for a « national preference » imposed. As mediators, journalists, just like teachers, convey prevailing representations and participate in spreading knowledge in society. This PhD thesis looks into professional digital readers’ linguistics uses and representations, aka digital journalists. The qualitative research reinforced by quantitative data focuses on three aspects of mediation: reception, production and intercomprehension. The investigation is contextualized in two complementary territories of Southern Europe: Sassari in Sardegna (Italy) and Barcelona in Catalonia, (Spain). The data analysis helps us identify six different profiles of digital readers according to their reading habits and ways of accessing Web content. This study takes inventory of intercomprehension strategies with a strong informational and educational potential. Reading in several languages encourages the comparison and confrontation of information that is culturally, politically and socially different. Understanding those issues and knowing those strategies enables mediators, teachers or journalists, to develop a plurilingual informational competence towards learners or receptors seen as readers citizens. By becoming a “plurilingual researcher” instead of a “multilingual consumer”, digital readers would have all the necessary tools to transform information in knowledge
Polysaccharides as drug delivery systems for different administration routes
No full textPolysaccharides are biocompatible and biodegradable long carbohydrate molecules organized in repeated monosaccharide units interconnected with glycosidic bonds. These polymers constitute a large source of biomaterials for drug vehicles, controlled drug delivery, tissue engineering etc.
The ionic character and the presence of reactive functional group led them to be good candidates for the development of controlled release formulations. They are well tolerated by living tissues and body cavities due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. In fact, polysaccharides have been widely proposed as drug delivery devices for many administration routes such as oral, parenteral, ophthalmic, nasal and transdermal route.
Furthermore, polysaccharides can be considered appropriate for tissue engineering thanks to their mechanical and biochemical functions and ability to deliver and foster cells.
The aim of the present work was the development of polysaccharides based platform formulations as novel and suitable delivery systems of specific drugs into determined anatomical districts
Ricerca di <i>Microcystin-LR</i> in molluschi bivalvi e nel loro habitat in alcune zone della Sardegna
No full textCyanobacterial blooms occur worldwide and present an increasing problem due to eutrophication of aquatic environment. Cyanobacteria produce a wide range of toxins and the most studied and widely distributed are the hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs). They cause morphological and functional changes in hepatocytes by inhibiting the activity of protein phosphatases leading to cell proliferation and cancer or an apoptotic process and cell death. MCs are associated with freshwater environments and their bioaccumulation by aquatic animals, has been reported. Since these organisms are an important food source, MCs can be transferred to higher trophic levels through the food chain leading to human toxicity. The most toxic, abundant and commonly detected cyanotoxin in natural blooms is MC-LR. The health hazards have led the World Health Organization (WHO) to establish a provisional guideline value of MC-LR of 1 g/L in drinking water. In this work water and bivalves tissues cached in three Sardinian ponds with favourable condition for the development of cyanobacterial blooms have been collected to research and quantify MC-LR. For this purpose enzime linked immunosorbent assay and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry tecniques were use
Pharmacogenomics of Beta-blockers
No full textAim: Pharmacogenomics seeks for genetic predictors of drug response. Aim of this study is to look for gene variations associated with blood pressure response to beta-blockers.
Methods: 403 (M=46.9%; F=53.1%; mean age 51.7±11.4yrs) untreated Sardinian hypertensive patients were enrolled at the Hypertension Center, University of Sassari. A 8-weeks follow-up to assess the presence of the disease and secondary hypertension. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood collected at week 0 (start treatment with atenolol 50mg b.i.d).
Results: statistically significant differences between baseline and the first follow-up at 4-weeks of treatment are reported. Systolic pressure varied significantly after 4 weeks of treatment: mean values 159±15 mmHg (baseline) vs. 136±17 mmHg (4-weeks). 431 SNPs has been identified: out of these, 183 showed significant delta-SBP4; a similar set of analysis has been conducted with regard to delta-DBP and heart rate. Then we have conducted a review of functional mapping of each gene polymorphism to highlight a possible relationship between these genes and their functional pathways directly or indirectly involved in the regulation of blood pressure. Some genes found have shown a physiological mechanisms involved in blood pressure regulation.
Conclusion: Our preliminary data identified several genes involved in the response to antihypertensive drug treatment: theses findings could allow new gene-targeted treatments
Ecosistemi lacustri e ricadute atmosferiche: effetti sul chimismo delle acque e sui sedimenti in due laghi toscani
No full textThe aim of the thesis was to evaluate the effects of wet and dry deposition on two lakes of Tuscany: Massaciuccoli Lake (Lu) and Accesa Lake (Gr), lacustrine systems with very different characteristics in between them.
More specifically the study on the Massaciuccoli‘s basin was carried out by performing a monthly sediments sampling suspended in the water column, water, rain and particulate air pollution. Such monitoring were performed using in the water sediment’s traps to collect the suspension materials, the atmospheric sampling was carried out by installing dedicated deposimeters. On the Accesa lake there were made seasonal water monitorings and the system was studied by a carrot of sediment to a depth of 800 cm.
Specific chemical and isotopic analysis were then conducted on these samples, performed at the Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources (IGG) of the National Research Council in Pisa laboratories.
The study was designed to: quantify and determine the matter’s flow resulting from atmospheric inputs; characterize physically and chemically lakes’ waters; characterize the suspended matter along Masaciuccoli basin’s water column and reconstruct the paleoenvironmental evolution by studying carrots’record of the Accesa lake. The proposed approach was the most appropriate and necessary to try to understand the dynamics and the evolution of ecosystems’ lake and their temporal changes
Determinazione analitica di designer drugs amfetamino simili in matrici complesse
No full textDuring these three years of study, the undersigned has dedicated to the validation of three different analytical methods for the identification and quantification of amphetamine-like molecules in three different biological matrices. First of all a screening method has been developed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, using electronic reference to access in vivo concentration method (ERETIC).
Subsequently two MRM methods were performed by liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-(ESI)-MS/MS) for the simultaneous quantification of the cited molecules both in amniotic fluid and in hair.
The fast and sensitive analytical methodologies developed would be fundamental to carry out a monitoring phase of the evolution of the drugs black market, and they could be useful in clinic and emergency management, giving a contribution of considerable importance in the field of forensic toxicology
Determinazione della concentrazione di metalli pesanti e associazione con il profilo lipidico e il controllo metabolico in pazienti con Diabete Tipo 1 del nord Sardegna
No full textSardinia is an Italian region with a high incidence of type 1 diabetes
Mellitus(T1DM). This study determined the blood levels of chromium
(Cr),copper (Cu), iron (Fe),manganese(Mn), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn),
Mercury (Hg), Cadmium(Cd), Nichel (Ni), Lead (Pb), in Sardinian T1DM.
It was examined the association of these metals with lipid profiles and
glycaemic control (HbA1c %). There were enrolled a total of 192 patients
with T1DM, treated by the Unit of Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases
in Sassari,Italy. Trace elements were measured in whole blood by Sector
field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).
Data were organized in an Access database and there were determined the correlations between metabolic variables and the levels of metals.
Among total samples, 56.25% were male and 43.75% were female. Zinc was positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC)(P= 0.023), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)(P= 0.0015), and triglycerides(TG)(P=0.027). Iron as significantly correlated with TC(P=0.0189), LDL(P= 0.0121), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)(P=0.0466). In males, Cr was positively correlated with HDL(P = 0.0079) and Se, in females was correlated with TG(P=0.0113). Copper was significantly correlated with HbA1c %(P= 0.0155) and Cd was positively correlated with (LDL)(P=0.0222) and with HbA1c (P=0.0292). Results indicated that trace element such as Zn, Fe, Cu, Cr, Se were associated with lipid profile and HbA1c %. Cadmium is a Toxic metal associated with LDL and HbA1c%
I BES nella scuola primaria: un'indagine con docenti e genitori sulle buone prassi di inclusione
No full textOver the last 40 years, there has been an increasing need to implement effective, inclusive school models, based on the principles emerging from the Salamanca Conference (1994) and the UNESCO Guidelines on Inclusion (2005). Although the current trend is to include students with special education needs (SEN) in a common school environment, the situation all over the world is still extremely heterogeneous. Many studies have tried to determine the most effective practices for promoting inclusive education, but their outcomes have been inconclusive. Using questionnaires and focus groups, this research project aims to determine which practices, in teachers’ and parents’ opinions, are more effective for promoting the inclusion of pupils with SEN in primary school and to provide suggestions to enhance their efficacy. Data analysis shows that the most controversial issue to improve are the role of support teachers, teacher training, the relationship between teachers and therapists, and class sizes. This should lead to the design of methods of inclusion that are more suited to users’ needs, as well as strategies of greater involvement/communication with families and local governments