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La Dignità dello straniero: gli approcci del diritto internazionale, europeo e nazionale, tra legislazione e giurisprudenza
No full textThe concept of dignity seems to permeate legislative productions following the Second World War both at national-constitutional and international level. The reference to the concept of dignity does not translate into a systemic definition of a flexible notion which seems resistant to crystallization. The present work aims at making a recognition of the parameter of dignity within the category of alien. After a first attempt to recreate the historical-philosophical-juridical itinerary related to the concept of dignity, the work will carry on an analysis of the main legislative productions of primary level within the International, European and national level which make reference to the human being in general or to the alien in particular. Subsequently the analysis will pay attention to the cases decided by Courts focusing on the European level with particular reference to the European Court of Human Rights, the Court of Justice of the European Union, and the Italian Constitutional Court and to the dialogue among them. The final chapter will sum up some reflections and conclusions
Il Culto del Deus Elagabalus dal I al III secolo d.C. attraverso le testimonianze epigrafiche, letterarie e numismatiche
No full textThe research on "The cult of Deus Elagabalus from I to III century AD through epigraphic, numismatic and literary evidence" deals with the worship of the Syrian god Elagabalus, a native of Emesa that, during the so-called second Severian age, marked by the principality of emperors Heliogabalus and Severus Alexander, had disputed the first place in the Roman pantheon with Iuppiter.
Until now, the criticism has focused its attention rather than the worship of the Syrian god, on the princeps which it made official the position of god in Rome: Varius Avitus Bassianus, high priest of the Emesene deity, became emperor under the name of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus in 218 AD.
Here we discussed in depth issues unpublished or previously treated in a marginal way, focusing primarily on the origins of the cult and its diffusion in the western provinces of the Empire, everything after the end of Heliogabalus’s principality which proved to be only a step in the affirmation of the god of Emesa outside the original East Area.
The work has been structured according to a coherent plan that covers a time span ranging from the first to the third century AD, since the first Syrian epigraphic evidence in Aramaic language until you get to the representations of aniconic bethel, depicted in emissions coin beaten by the mint of Emesa under the usurper Uranius Antoninus (253/254), last member of the Emesene priestly dynasty, under whose reign the cult of the Syrian god will live his final season before finally eclipsed
Rivoluzione digitale e patrimonio culturale subacqueo: approcci, metodologie e riflessioni teoriche sul rilievo fotogrammetrico e la visualizzazione tridimensionale in archeologia subacquea
No full textContemporary archaeology confronts with many issues relating to broader societal challenges. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) play a relevant role within this confrontation. Understanding the role and effects of ICTs in society is still in the process and so is for archaeology. The relation between archaeological thought and computer technologies has witnessed a preliminary and strong commitment of archaeologist to computer’s potentials as part of the positivistic strand of the New Archaeology, going through to the acquisition of the GIS and virtual reality potentials since the 1980s. The data enriching environment of post-processual archaeology and the increasing development in computers power and means, have brought to the fore issues of data archiving, management, retrieval, sharing and access. The digital environment requires an ever increasing amount of space for the ever increasing amount of digitally-born data to be preserved and shared. The present dissertation aims to analyze the digital world of archaeology and, particularly, photogrammetry applied to the survey and recording of underwater cultural heritage, with an eye on theoretical and methodological aspects that affect the way photogrammetry and 3D models enter the process of archaeological interpretation. Photogrammetry and the resulting three-dimensional models are useful in the interpretation process as part of a larger digital framework for the analysis of spatial data in underwater archaeology
Application of molecular techniques to study the etiology and epidemiology of <i>Candida ssp.</i> infections in Central Vietnam
No full textThe overall objective of this study was to apply a variety of molecular techniques to determine the etiology and epidemiology of Candida spp. infections in Central Vietnam.
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry correctly identified 94.9% of 196 Candida spp. isolated strains. The remaining unidentified species (5.1%) were detected by ITS gene amplification and sequencing. A variety of Candida species were isolated, with the most common species being C. albicans (47.96%), followed by C. tropicalis (16.33%), C. parapsilosis (10.71%), C. glabrat (8.67%), C. orthopsilopsis (5.61%), C. krusei (3.57%) and others species.
Antibiotic susceptibility showed higher rates of resistance to fluconazole in C. tropicalis (56.67%). Two specific missense mutations in the ERG11 protein (Y132F and S154F) were detected from 26.67% of fluconazole resistant C. tropicalis isolates.
96.81% of C. albicans isolates carried all three virulence genes (als1, hwp1, sap4) regardless of the sample source, that was concordant with a higher frequency of C. albicans in mucosal candidiasis compared to a higher frequency of C. non albicans in candida colonizations.
A total of 12 C. albicans diploid sequence types (DSTs) were identified from ten different wards by Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST). Of the 12 identified DSTs, six were new DSTs assigned by this study. Based on C. albicans cluster analysis, 66.67% of the isolates clustered with previously known clades in global or Asian data, and 33.33% isolates were singleton. MLST results suggested a potential nosocomial transmision of C. albicans since the same DTS clones were found in different wards.
Amplification of specific H. pylori gene (ureA) was applied to find a presence of this bacteria in Candida cells. Positivity was detected in 15.27% of Candida spp. (C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. orthopsilosis) isolated from oral mucosa, sputum, vagina, and gastric fluid
Ideazione e sperimentazione di nuove ipotesi per la valorizzazione delle zone interne della Sardegna. Il marketing territoriale come elemento di promozione delle tipicità: l'esempio della Marmilla
No full textThe cohesion policies of the European Union, together with those on rural development, are adopting since several years a type of approach called place-based to address the issues of territorial development.
The territory – seen as the result of the relationships established between humans and geographical space – is itself a resource that needs to be exploited through the systemization of its many resources, tangible and intangible.
In a context constantly dominated by an intense competition between geographical areas, the rural zones are pushed to adopt more innovative tools that can improve the image and attractiveness to new investment, capital and people, also because they are more affected by the problems of economic and social exclusion.
For this reason the rural contexts are increasingly using the techniques offers by the territorial marketing because in this way they can increase the competitiveness.
With this purpose it was decided to examine a case study about a rural area in the south-central of Sardinia, Marmilla, which adopted territorial marketing strategies for the exploitation of its resources
Monitoraggio e salvaguardia delle razze asinine autoctone della Sardegna attraverso l'impiego di marcatori molecolari
No full textSardo and Asinara donkey are classified as endangered and critical rispectively (Risk status classification–FAO). Preservation of these genetic resources is of fundamental importance to protect animal biodiversity. To evaluate the genetic variability of Sardinian donkeys and to estimate their relationships with other breeds, we genotyped 130 individuals from 7 italian breeds using 3 FISSR(Fluorescent Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) markers. We also sequenced 120 individuals for 383bp of the mitochondrial HVSI region.
Although FISSR have been never used in donkey, they appear to be effective tools for genotyping analysis.In this study, Bayesian cluster analysis underline that the two sardinian breeds are well-separate from other breeds, and high genetic similarity between them.Very different patterns were found between Asinara and Barockesel donkey, despite their phenotypic similarity.
In mitochondrial (HVSI region) analysis, AMOVA and Haplotype analysis reveal that Sardo and Asinara donkey are poorly differentiated within Asinara Island, whereas haplotype differences are evident between Sardinia vs Asinara populations. The median joining network shows both typical donkey CLADE1 (Somalicus) and CLADE2 (Nubian) in Sardinian population, with high prevalence of CLADE1, whereas Asinara population has haplotypes assigned exclusively to CLADE2 in Asinara breed. These results suggest the potential use these genetic for conservation plans
Production and <i>in vitro</i> manipulation of oncogenic animal papillomaviruses
No full textPapillomaviruses are a diverse group of small, non-enveloped, double stranded DNA viruses that cause proliferations of the stratified squamous epithelium of the skin and mucosa in a wide variety of vertebrate hosts. Papillomaviruses play an important role in human cancer development, and have been isolated from a number of animal malignancies. This project focuses on the recently described ovine papillomavirus OaPV3, a virus associated with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in sheep. Like all papillomaviruses, OaPV3 is characterised by the inability to productively infect replicating cells in culture, this hampering studies on infection, biological cycle, and isolation. Therefore, we generated OaPV3-based non-infectious virus-like particles (VLPs) through expression of the viral L1 major capsid protein in insect cells, using recombinant baculoviruses. Also, infectious OaPV3 pseudovirions (PsVs) have been produced, that can transduce reporter genes in 293TT cells.
VLPs were used to develop an ELISA test for measuring the presence of antibodies in immunized and naturally infected sheep, as well as to produce sera and monoclonal antibodies useful for detecting OaPV antigens in direct diagnosis and as specific assay controls. OaPV3 pseudovirions
were also produced and used in infection and neutralisation assays with sera and monoclonal antibodies raised against VLPs, to investigate the potential of OaPV3 virus-like particles as vaccines candidates
Marcatori molecolari di cellule staminali nella cancerogenesi epatica sperimentale
No full textAim:Evolving under standing on tumor biology has led to the hypothesis that tumors may possess a stem cell–like subpopulation known as Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) that may be involved in driving tumor pathogenesis and propagation.CSCs as well as normal tissue stem cells possess: self-renewal,unlimited proliferative capacity and pluripotency to differentiate in several cellular types. The aim of our investigation is to identify CSCs molecular markers,both prognostic and diagnostic value,that are associated with tumor initiation, heterogeneity, progression, metastasis, therapy sensitivity usefull potential for innovative therapeutic approaches.
Methods:To this purpose we used two rats strains: F344 and BN,susceptible and resistant to chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis respectively. We induced neoplastic liver lesions accordingly the resistant hepatocyte model. We evaluated,by immunoistochemical staining, CD44 (marker of oval cells and CSCs), CD133 (hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell marker), CK19 (marker of biliary cells and cholangiocytes) and c-Kit (markers of oval cells, CSCs and hepatocytes). Sections were obtained from untreated controls and tumor tissue.
Results:Our immunoistochemical observations showed significant differences of basal levels (controls) between the two rat strains, susceptible and resistant, as concernes CK19 (p=0.03);CD133 (p=0.0003) and c-Kit (p=0.0003) expression,but CD44. In BN rats,resistant strain,all 4 markers showed higher levels in tumors compared to their controls (p=0.0001). In F344 rats,susceptible strain, 3 markers showed higher levels in tumors (between 2 and 3 folds) compared to controls, except CK19. Only CD133 and CK19 are significantly higher in HCC from BN rats compared to tumors from F344. Unfortunately at the moment we were able to analyse only few numbers of rats.
Conclusion:Based on these data, we may suggest that the stemness markers studied could represent valuable diagnostic and prognostic markers for hepatocellular carcinoma, since stem cells can contribute to tumor progression, as it has already been shown in other several types of tumors
I Villaggi medievali abbandonati del Meilogu
No full textIn the middle-age Meilogu was the center of Sardinian historical, economical and settlement dynamics, especially in the context of the Judgedom of Torres. Etimology shows his centrality. The toponym Meilogu comes from the Latin Medium locum, which means “the place of the middle”, and It was the name of a “curatorial”, "territorial districts" in which the kingdom was divided.
This PhD thesis aims to investigate, with archaeological perspective and diachronic perspective, the evolution of the landscapes of settlements in the middle ages (VI-XIV a.D.).
In particular, the research focus is the phenomenon of “deserted villages”. Between the XIV and XV century a change of settlement involving all Europe and the historical conjuncture, led to the disappearance of thousands of villages; Sardinia was particularly affected by this phenomenon with the abandonment of about 50% of his settlements.
The deserted villages of Meilogu have been studied with the methods of Landscapes Archeology, combining the analysis of the written sources, geographic and cartographic to archaeological surveys, which had as its purpose the delimitation of archaeological sites of the medieval period.
The investigations have led to the knowledge of 30 medieval and post-medieval archaeological sites, mostly unknown; the settlement of this period is divided among different types (villages of varying size, domos, castles, isolated churches), with a variety unknown to written sources
Improvement of the nutraceutical quality of broccoli sprouts by elicitation
No full textEpidemiological studies show an inverse association between Brassica consumption and chronic diseases. Phytochemicals are thought to be beneficial for human health and therefore responsible for this protective effect. Increasing their levels into Brassica food is considered an expedient nutritional strategy that can be achieved through the manipulation of growth conditions by elicitors. In this work we systematically evaluated the influence of treatment with different elicitors (sucrose, mannitol, NaCl, 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid, salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate) on the phytochemical composition of broccoli sprouts. The content of total and single glucosinolates, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins, vitamin C and E and β-carotene was assessed.
The exposure to different elicitors produced concentration- and elicitor-dependent specific changes in the content of all the phytochemicals considered. Sucrose, identified as the most effective elicitor by principal component analysis, induced a significant increase of total and specific glucosinolates, vitamin C, total anthocyanins and polyphenols. Sucrose is likely to represent an effective tool to increase the nutritional value of broccoli sprouts