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Effect of accelerated recovery program on recovery from secondary traumatic stress among nurses
Full text linkBackground: Nurses have distressing experiences during care provision, especially end-of-life care, which might lead to secondary traumatic stress (STS). The Accelerated Recovery Program (ARP) intends to decrease STS and promote recovery from trauma. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of ARP on recovery from STS among nurses.Methods: The study was carried out in Narayana Medical College Hospital, India. A pretest-posttest design with control group was adopted for the study. In the present study, 120 nurses who had STS were recruited and allocated to the intervention and control groups. Data were collected using the Trauma Recovery Scale. ARP with routine activities was implemented for nurses in the intervention group and routine activities for nurses in the control group for 5 weeks. Posttests I (5th week), II (3rd month), III (6th month), IV (9th month), and V (12th month) were conducted. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: A statistically significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups in the mean score of trauma recovery (P < 0.001) (Z value: 0.102, 9.511, 9.483, 9.51, 9.439, and 9.471). The repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a statistically significant difference in trauma recovery over a period of time among nurses (F: 201.54,P < 0.001) in the intervention (F: 101.126,P < 0.001) and control groups (F: 39.29,P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results show that ARP had a significant impact on the nurses and facilitated their recovery from trauma
Effects of chitosan and oligochitosans on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT pathway in cancer therapy
No full textPhosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT pathway is one of the most important kinase signaling networks in the context of cancer development and treatment. Aberrant activation of AKT, the central mediator of this pathway, has been implicated in numerous malignancies including endometrial, hepatocellular, breast, colorectal, prostate, and, cervical cancer. Thus regulation and blockage of this kinase and its key target nodes is an attractive approach in cancer therapy and diverse efforts have been done to achieve this aim. Chitosan is a carbohydrate with multiple interesting applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies. This bioactive polymer and its derivative oligomers commonly used in drug/DNA delivery methods due to their functional properties which improve efficiency of delivery systems. Further, these compounds exert anti-tumor roles through the stimulation of apoptosis, immune enhancing potency, anti-oxidative features and anti-angiogenic roles. Due to the importance of PI3K-AKT signaling in cancer targeting and treatment resistance, this review discusses the involvement of chitosan, oligochitosaccharides and carriers based on these chemicals in the regulation of this pathway in different tumors. © 2020 Elsevier B.V
Impacts of informal caregiving among the family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia: A qualitative study
Full text linkBackground: Caregiving to patients with schizophrenia is burdensome for family caregivers and has profound effects on them. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the impacts of informal caregiving among the family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted on a purposive sample of 12 family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and 3 health-care providers. Semi-structured interviews were held for data collection, and conventional content analysis was used for data analysis. Results: Four main subthemes were developed during data analysis, namely threatened health, helplessness, patient abandonment, and personal growth. Together with their eight subcategories, these subthemes were grouped into the main theme of the Consequences of caregiving burden. Conclusion: Caregiving to patients with schizophrenia imposes heavy burden on family caregivers and has different consequences for them. The findings of this study can improve the knowledge and awareness of mental health and psychiatric nurses about schizophrenia and its consequences for family caregivers and can help them identify family caregivers who are at risk for negative consequences and design proper family-based interventions to reduce the effects of these negative consequences
Effective removal of organic pollution by using sonochemical prepared LaFeO3 perovskite under visible light
Full text linkIn the present work, LaFeO3 perovskite was prepared via ultrasonic probe with power of 60 W and frequency of 18 KHz. LaFeO3 nanorods were formed when sonication time was 20 min. In this research, green materials including corn, starch, and rice were used to control the size, morphology, and purity of final products. As-prepared LaFeO3 nanostructures were used to purify water containing organic contaminants. LaFeO3 nanostructures prepared by using corn, starch, and rice showed higher photocatalytic activity compare to LaFeO3 nanostructures without natural capping agents. Using corn increased degradation efficiency by 65 under visible light. XRD results show that Fe2O3 appeared as an impurity when starch was used to prepare LaFeO3 nanostructures. This impurity significantly boosts the degradation efficiency under UV light. Fe2O3 under UV light act as co-absorbent and boost efficiency by 43. LaFeO3 nanostructures were characterized by XRD, EDX, SEM, CV, BET, TEM, DRS and FT-IR. © 2019 Elsevier B.V
The effects of a neonatal critical Care nurse Companionship with Parents during hospital-home transfer of preterm infants on mothers' mood status
Full text linkBackground: Hospital discharge and transfer of a preterm infant from hospital to home are usually stressful for parents.Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of a neonatal critical care nurse companionship with parents during hospital-home transfer of preterm infants on mothers' mood status. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 64 mothers of preterm infants discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit of a teaching hospital in Isfahan, Iran. Participants were randomly and equally allocated to an intervention and a control group. Each mother in the intervention group was accompanied by a nurse immediately from hospital discharge up to 3 h afterward. The nurse also supported the mother during the first 3-4 postdischarge days. Mothers' mood status was assessed using the 21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale both groups 3-4 days before hospital discharge and 72 h after hospital discharge. Data were analyzed through the Chi-square, the paired-sample t, and the independent-sample t-tests. Results: The pretest mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively, were 4.71 ± 4.43, 6.51 ± 4.04, and 9.17 ± 5.40 in the intervention group and 4.91 ± 2.59, 6.59 ± 2.92, and 8.77 ± 3.58 in the control group. The between-group differences respecting the mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). These mean scores significantly decreased in the intervention group after the intervention (P 0.05). Conclusion: Nurse companionship with parents during the transfer of preterm infants to home improves mothers' mood status.
Keywords: Anxiety, Depression, Preterm infant, Stress, Transfe
Effect of accelerated recovery program on recovery from secondary traumatic stress among nurses
Full text linkBackground: Nurses have distressing experiences during care provision, especially end-of-life care, which might lead to secondary traumatic stress (STS). The Accelerated Recovery Program (ARP) intends to decrease STS and promote recovery from trauma. Objectives:The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of ARP on recovery from STS among nurses. Methods: The study was carried out in Narayana Medical College Hospital, India. A pretest-posttest design with control group was adopted for the study. In the present study, 120 nurses who had STS were recruited and allocated to the intervention and control groups. Data were collected using the Trauma Recovery Scale. ARP with routine activities was implemented for nurses in the intervention group and routine activities for nurses in the control group for 5 weeks. Posttests I (5th week), II (3rd month), III (6th month), IV (9th month), and V (12th month) were conducted. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: A statistically significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups in the mean score of trauma recovery (P < 0.001) (Z value: 0.102, 9.511, 9.483, 9.51, 9.439, and 9.471). The repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a statistically significant difference in trauma recovery over a period of time among nurses (F: 201.54, P < 0.001) in the intervention (F: 101.126,P < 0.001) and control groups (F:39.29,P< 0.001). Conclusions: The results show that ARP had a significant impact on the nurses and facilitated their recovery from trauma
Usability evaluation of a comprehensive national health information system: relationship of quality components to users� characteristics
No full textObjective: One of the most important methods for evaluating information systems is usability evaluation. Usability is a context-dependent qualitative feature that is measured by multiple quality components that can be related to users� characteristics. This study was conducted to evaluate the usability of a comprehensive national health information system (SIB; an abbreviation for the Persian equivalent of �integrated health system�) from the perspective of different users and to determine the relationship between quality components and users� characteristics. Method: The study population were users of the national health information system (n = 309) at health centers and health homes affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. Data were collected using Software Usability Measurement Inventory (SUMI) questionnaire which measures users' experiences of software interface in five quality components (i.e. affect, efficiency, helpfulness, control, and learnability) and provides a global usability score. SUMI scores were analyzed according to an extensive reference database (SUMISCO). The relationships between quality components and users� characteristics were investigated by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent t-test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: A total of 250 users completed the questionnaire (response rate = 81). The mean scores of all quality components were significantly lower than the mean of SUMISCO. Learnability score had significant relationships with the user's position, education level, and field of education (P < 0.001). Physicians scored significantly lower than other users in efficiency, helpfulness and global usability (P < 0.05). Users' practice experience and age had significant linear inverse relationships with efficiency, helpfulness, and learnability (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The national health information system which is used by a large number of users across a developing country have low usability. Given the significant relationships between the users� characteristics of such systems and quality components, it is essential to consider the characteristics and needs of various user groups during the processes of system analysis and design. © 2019 Elsevier B.V
Evaluate the presence of class 1 integrons among uropathogenic Escherichia coli recovered from children urinary tract infection; a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textUropathogenic E. coli is the main agent of urinary tract infection with frequency > 80. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of class 1 integrons in uropathogenic E. coli recovered from UTI samples from Iranian children during 2008�2020. We searched electronic databases including ISI, MEDLINE, Scopus, also Scientific information database (SID.ir) from Iran for studies reported the prevalence of class 1 integrons in uropathogenic E. coli isolated from children with urinary infection from 2008 to 2020. We used of following key keywords: �children�, �pediatric�, �pediatrics� �Escherichia coli�, �uropathogenic Escherichia coli�, �urinary tract infections�, �UTI�, �prevalence�, �Iran�, �class 1 integron�, �Inti1�, and �distribution�. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) Software was used for analysis. Random effect model was used to calculate pooled prevalence. 4 articles entered in the present study. The prevalence of class1 integrons varied from 6.2 to 52. The combined prevalence of Int1 in included studies was reported 32.7 (95 CI: 27.6�38.3), z = 5.7, Q = 41.6, I2 = 92.8, t = 2.5, p = 0.09. Findings of funnel plot didn't show any publication bias between studies. Likewise, regarding p value = 0.09 achieved from Egger's linear regression test, no publication bias was observed. According to the high prevalence of class 1 integrons in UPEC isolates from UTI samples of children in the present review and their significance in the spread of antibiotic resistance among species of a genus and other bacteria, we must use molecular techniques for detection of integrons. Also, serious infection control measures must be done for the prevention of the spread of antibiotic resistance among bacteria in Pediatrics units. © 2020 Elsevier Inc
Metabolic syndrome parameters in psychiatric disease: Current knowledge and future perspectives
No full textPsychiatric diseases are a significant source of disability worldwide. Psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, anxiety, mood disorders, major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, autism spectrum disorder, tourette syndrome, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, sleep disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, personality disorders, phobia, eating disorders, sexual disorder, and cognitive disorder affect a sizeable proportion of the human population and severely compromise quality of life. Thus, measures to prevent the manifestation, and treatments to ameliorate the signs, of these disturbance are in high demand. The relationship between severe psychiatric illnesses and the metabolic disturbances is emerging as a public health question of importance to both primary care practitioners and mental health. Although several evidence have demonstrated a link between oxidative stress, glycemic control, inflammation, and lipid profiles with psychiatric disorders. Another critical aspect that needs much attention and effort is our understanding of the association between metabolic syndrome parameters and severe psychiatric illnesses. This review includes relevant articles published between 1990 and 2019. The aim of this review article is to examines the current knowledge and future perspectives related to the role of metabolic disorder (e.g., oxidative stress, glycemic control, inflammation, and lipid profiles) in patients with psychiatric disorder. © 2020, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved
Electrochemical determination of levodopa on a reduced graphene oxide paste electrode modified with a metal-organic framework
No full textDeveloping easy-to-use sensors for monitoring of biomarkers which are related to human health is essential. Levodopa (L-DOPA) is a critical neurotransmitter that mainly uses for effective therapy of Parkinson's disease. This study introduces a novel reduced graphene oxide (RGO) paste electrode (PE), RGOPE, which is modified with a microporous metal-organic framework (MOF) as a sensing interface in the electrochemical determination of the L-DOPA. The electrochemical behavior of the modified RGOPE was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and chronoamperometry techniques. The influence of parameters such as the scan rate and pH value on the peak current were investigated. Under the optimal condition, the modified RGOPE as a sensor presented a capability in highly sensitive sensing of the L-DOPA at a typical working potential of 0.56 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The sensitivity, linear dynamic range and detection limit of the sensor for detection of the L-DOPA were calculated to be 0.58 µA µM�1, 100 nM�85 µM and 25 nM, respectively. To compare the effect of the RGO in the modification process, the electrode was modified with the carbon paste electrode and the result shows the RGO has some admirable properties in the sensing strategy of the L-DOPA. © 2020 Elsevier B.V