4265 research outputs found
Sort by
Interaction between mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles and immune cells by distinct protein content
No full textMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can effectively contribute to tissue regeneration inside the inflammatory microenvironment mostly through modulating immune responses. MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) display immunoregulatory functions similar to parent cells. Interactions between MSC-EVs and immune cells make them an ideal therapeutic candidate for infectious, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. These properties of MSC-EVs have encouraged researchers to perform extensive studies on multiple factors that mediate MSC-EVs immunomodulatory effects. Investigation of proteins involved in the complex interplay of MSC-EVs and immune cells may help us to better understand their functions. Here, we performed a comprehensive proteomic analysis of MSC-EVs that was previously reported by ExoCarta database. A total of 938 proteins were identified as MSC-EV proteome using quantitative proteomics techniques. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis demonstrates that ECM�receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and disease-specific pathways are enriched in MSC-EVs. By detail analysis of proteins presence in immune system process, we found that expression of some cytokines, chemokines, and chemokine receptors such as IL10, HGF, LIF, CCL2, VEGFC, and CCL20, which leads to migration of MSC-EVs to injured sites, suppression of inflammation and promotion of regeneration in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Also, some chemoattractant proteins such as CXCL2, CXCL8, CXCL16, DEFA1, HERC5, and IFITM2 were found in MSC-EV proteome. They may actively recruit immune cells to the proximity of MSC or MSC-EVs, may result in boosting immune response under specific circumstances, and may have protective role in infectious diseases. In this review, we summarize available information about immunomodulation of MSC-EVs with particular emphasis on their proteomics analysis. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Specific fluorometric assay for direct determination of amikacin by molecularly imprinting polymer on high fluorescent g-C 3 N 4 quantum dots
Get PDFHere, a specific and reliable fluorometric method for the rapid determination of amikacin was developed based on the molecularly imprinting polymer (MIP) capped g-C 3 N 4 quantum dots (QDs). g-C 3 N 4 QDs were obtained by facile and one-spot ethanol-thermal treatment of bulk g-C 3 N 4 powder and showed a high yield fluorescence emission under UV irradiation. The MIP layer was also created on the surface on QDs, via usual self-assembly process of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) functional monomers and tetraethyl ortho-silicate (TEOS) cross linker in the presence of amikacin as template molecules. The synthesized MIP-QDs composite showed an improved tendency toward the amikacin molecules. In this state, amikacin molecules located adjacent to the g-C 3 N 4 QDs caused a remarkable quenching effect on the fluorescence emission intensity of QDs. This effect has a linear relationship with amikacin concentration and so, formed the basis of a selective assay to recognize amikacin. Under optimized experimental conditions, a linear calibration graph was obtained as the quenched emission and amikacin concentration, in the range of 3�400 ng mL �1 (4.4�585.1 nM) with a detection limit of 1.2 ng mL �1 (1.8 nM). The high selectivity of MIP sites as well as individual fluorescence properties of g-C 3 N 4 QDs offers a high specific and sensitive monitoring method for drug detection. The method was acceptably applied for the measurement of amikacin in biological samples. © 2019 Elsevier B.V
Role of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in the neuroprotective effects of bone marrow�derived mesenchymal stem cells in an experimental model of ischemic stroke
No full textObjective: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and prolonged disability worldwide. Inflammation plays an important role in post-ischemic injury. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have protective effects in stroke treatment due to their anti-inflammatory properties. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4 are two innate immune receptors that trigger inflammatory processes. Here, we investigated the association of these receptors with the protective effect of MSCs after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. Methods: MSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of young rats and expanded in vitro. A model of ischemic stroke was performed by transient MCAO with 24 or 72 hours of reperfusion. Two hours after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), the rats received MSCs or saline via tail vein and the sham group underwent surgery without MCAO. The relative gene expressions of TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 were evaluated in the ischemic penumbra by the real-time PCR technique. Active astrocyte and microglia and TLR-expressing cells were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: MSCs significantly decreased the genes expression of TLR2 (P = 0.006), TLR4 (P = 0.038), and MyD88 (P = 0.009) after their upregulation by I/R. Moreover, the IHC results indicated that glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) positive cells were significantly increased by I/R (P < 0.001), and MSCs significantly decreased the number of GFAP (P = 0.003), Iba-1 (P = 0.001), TLR2 (P = 0.004), and TLR4 (P = 0.007) positive cells 72 hours after I/R. Conclusion: The neuroprotective effect of MSCs in brain ischemic injury is associated with its anti-inflammatory effects and modulation of the activity of immune cells. Inhibition of TLR2 and TLR4 expression is one of the possible mechanisms of this protective effect. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Comparison of myo-inositol and metformin on glycemic control, lipid profiles, and gene expression related to insulin and lipid metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled clinical trial
No full textThis investigation was conducted to evaluate comparison of myo-inositol and metformin on glycemic control, lipid profiles, and gene expression related to insulin and lipid metabolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 53 women with PCOS, aged 18�40 years old. Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups to take either myo-inositol (n = 26) or metformin (n = 27) for 12 weeks. Myo-inositol supplementation, compared with metformin, significantly reduced fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (β �5.12 mg/dL; 95 CI, �8.09, �2.16; p=.001), serum insulin levels (β �1.49 µIU/mL; 95 CI, �2.28, �0.70; p<.001), homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (β �0.36; 95 CI, �0.55, �0.17; p<.001), serum triglycerides (β 12.42 mg/dL; 95 CI, �20.47, �4.37; p=.003) and VLDL-cholesterol levels (β �2.48 mg/dL; 95 CI, �4.09, �0.87; p=.003), and significantly increased the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (β 0.006; 95 CI, 0.002, 0.01; p=.006) compared with metformin. Moreover, myo-inositol supplementation upregulated gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) (p=.002) compared with metformin. Overall, taking myo-inositol, compared with metformin, for 12 weeks by women with PCOS had beneficial effects on glycemic control, triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol levels, and gene expression of PPAR-γ. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of curcumin in esophageal cancer: Current and future status
No full textEsophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor with an increasing trend during the past three decades. Currently, esophagectomy, often in combination with neoadjuvant chemo- and radiotherapy, is the cornerstone of curative treatment for esophageal cancer. However, esophagostomy is related to significant risks of perioperative mortality and morbidity, as well as lengthy recovery. Moreover, the adjuvant therapies including chemotherapy and radiotherapy are associated with numerous side effects, limiting compliance and outcome. The dietary agent curcumin has been extensively studied over the past few decades and is known to have many biological activities especially in regard to the prevention and potential treatment of cancer. This review summarizes the chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic potential of curcumin in esophageal cancer in both preclinical and clinical settings. © 2018 UIC
The effects of curcumin-containing supplements on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
No full textBesides other benefits, curcumin is getting more recognized for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, highlighting the importance of curcumin application for chronic disease prevention. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to assess the influence of curcumin-containing supplements on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched till January 2018 for eligible studies. The selected studies were evaluated for their quality using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and relevant data were extracted from included studies. Data were pooled using the inverse variance method and expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95 confidence intervals (95 CI). Fifteen RCTs were included in the final analysis. The meta-analysis indicated that curcumin supplementation significantly decreased interleukin 6 (IL-6) (SMD �2.08; 95 CI �3.90, �0.25; p = 0.02), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (SMD �0.65; 95% CI �1.20, �0.10, p = 0.02), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations (SMD �3.14; 95% CI -4.76, �1.53, p < 0.001). Though, curcumin supplementation had no significant effect on tumor necrosis factor-alpha (SMD �1.62; 95% CI �3.60, 0.36; p = 0.10) and superoxide dismutase levels (SMD 0.34; 95% CI �1.06, 1.74, p = 0.63). Overall, this meta-analysis suggests that taking curcumin-containing supplements may exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties through a significant reduction in IL-6, hs-CRP, and MDA levels. © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Occupational violence among female workers in an Iranian industrial area
No full textFew studies have examined violence against female workers in the industrial sector. This study explored the prevalence of various types of violence and associated factors among female workers in the industrial sector. This descriptive survey was conducted in eleven industrial sites in Kashan, Iran, from April through September 2014. We used a 78-item questionnaire to obtain data from 817 female workers. More than half of the participants reported having experienced at least one type of violence. The prevalence rates of verbal aggression, sexual harassment, and physical violence were 52.5, 12 and 11.5, respectively. Single female workers (adjusted odds ratio AOR = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.09�4.27), and age older than 35 years were (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.26�2.93) each significantly related to increased odds of verbal violence. Short duration of employment (� five years) was the most strongly associated factor for sexual harassment (AOR = 2.82, 95% CI = 1.7�2.94). Working the night shift was significantly associated with encountering verbal violence (AOR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.69�3.06). The high prevalence of violence suggests that management in industrial workplaces should invest time and resources in addressing violence. Developing a reporting procedure and training programs are recommended in dealing with workplace violence risk. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis
The effects of nanoemulsion cream containing lavender essential oil and licorice extract on healing of deep skin wound in rats
Get PDFBackground: Despite the very good medicinal properties of lavender essential oil and licorice extract, some factors, such as allergic reaction and being biodegradable, limit the application of them as candidates for pharmacotherapeutic treatments. Nano-emulsification is one of the ways to overcome these limitations. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nanoemulsion cream containing lavender essential oil and licorice extract on healing of deep skin wound in rat model. Methods: In this experimental study, nanoemulsion cream containing lavender essential oil and licorice extract was made using self-emulsifying method. To investigate its effect on wound healing process, a full-thickness skin wound was produced on 85 male Wistar rats. The wound area was digitally photographed at 2 nd , 5 th , 7 th , 10 th , and 14 th days after surgery using a digital camera; then, the area was quantified using an image analysis system (Image J). Moreover, the expression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), type I collagen (Col I), and Col III genes was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) at days 2, 7, and 14. Findings: Nanoemulsion cream significantly decreased the surface area of the wounds faster than lavender essential oil and licorice extract cream (P < 0.010) and phenytoin (P < 0.050). Moreover, real-time PCR showed that topical treatment of wounds with nanomulsion cream increased the expression of TGF-β1, Col I, and Col III genes in rat�s skin (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Nanoemulsion cream containing lavender essential oil and licorice extract exhibits a promising wound healing potential towards excisional wound models in rats. © 2019, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved
Highly efficient novel recombinant L-asparaginase with no glutaminase activity from a new halo-thermotolerant Bacillus strain
Get PDFIntroduction: The bacterial enzyme has gained more attention in therapeutic application because of the higher substrate specificity and longer half-life. L-asparaginase is an important enzyme with known antineoplastic effect against acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods: Novel L-asparaginase genes were identified from a locally isolated halo-thermotolerant Bacillus strain and the recombinant enzymes were overexpressed in modified E. coli strains, OrigamiTM B and BL21. In addition, the biochemical properties of the purified enzymes were characterized, and the enzyme activity was evaluated at different temperatures, pH, and substrate concentrations. Results: The concentration of pure soluble enzyme obtained from Origami strain was ~30 mg/L of bacterial culture, which indicates the significant improvement compared to L-asparaginase produced by E. coli BL21 strain. The catalytic activity assay on the identified L-asparaginases (ansA1 and ansA3 genes) from Bacillus sp. SL-1 demonstrated that only ansA1 gene codes an active and stable homologue (ASPase A1) with high substrate affinity toward L-asparagine. The Kcat and Km values for the purified ASPase A1 enzyme were 23.96s-1 and 10.66 µM, respectively. In addition, the recombinant ASPase A1 enzyme from Bacillus sp. SL-1 possessed higher specificity to L-asparagine than L-glutamine. The ASPase A1 enzyme was highly thermostable and resistant to the wide range of pH 4.5�10. Conclusion: The biochemical properties of the novel ASPase A1 derived from Bacillus sp. SL-l indicated a great potential for the identified enzyme in pharmaceutical and industrial applications. © 2019 The Author(s)
Molecular pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome based on gene expression
No full textInterstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) is a chronic bladder inflammation that leads to chronic bladder pain and urinary urgency and frequency. The presentation of IC/PBS is heterogeneous, and it is classified as ulcerative IC/PBS and nonulcerative IC/PBS. The main cause of IC/PBS is thought to be a persistent inflammatory condition in the bladder, though the actual pathophysiology has not been identified yet. Although the underlying pathophysiology of IC/PBS is not completely understood, several theories for the etiology of this syndrome have been suggested, including deficiency of the glycosaminoglycan covering urothelium surface that results in leaky urothelium infection, immunological etiology, activated mast cells, neural changes, and inflammation. In addition, there are no gold standards for the detection of this disorder to date. So, determination of gene expression and its role in different signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of this heterogeneous disorder contribute to the more efficient cognition of the pathophysiology of this disease and to the design of effective treatments and molecular diagnostic methods for IC/PBS. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc