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The effect of aromatherapy with peppermint essential oil on nausea and vomiting after cardiac surgery: A randomized clinical trial
No full textBackground Postoperative nausea and vomiting are common in patients who underwent cardiac surgery. This study aimed to examine the effect of peppermint essential oil inhalation on the postoperative nausea and vomiting after cardiac surgery. Methods In this clinical trial study, 60 cardiac surgery patients were divided into control and intervention groups. The intervention group underwent nebulizer aromatherapy with peppermint essential oil before the endotracheal tube was removed after surgery. Patients' nausea and vomiting were then assessed through a checklist. The independent-samples t-test, chi-square, and Generalized estimating equation were used for data analysis. Results Totally 85.7 of the patients undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The two groups did not significantly differ in terms of their baseline demographic and clinical variables (P > 0.05). Significant differences were found between the intervention and control groups in terms of the frequency of nausea (0.63 ± 0.81 vs. 1.46 ± 1.21), its duration (3.78 ± 5.09 vs. 7.97 ± 5.55 min), and severity (2.43 ± 2.84 vs. 4.61 ± 2.85), and in the frequency of vomiting episodes (0.17 ±.46 vs. 0.73 ±.60) in the first four hours after extubation (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Peppermint essential oil inhalation has beneficial effects on reducing nausea and vomiting after open-heart surgery. Using peppermint essential oil inhalation for managing postoperative nausea and vomiting is recommended. © 2020 Elsevier Lt
Multiple functions of microfluidic platforms: Characterization and applications in tissue engineering and diagnosis of cancer
Get PDFMicrofluidic system, or lab-on-a-chip, has grown explosively. This system has been used in research for the first time and then entered in the clinical section. Due to economic reasons, this technique has been used for screening of laboratory and clinical indices. The microfluidic system solves some difficulties accompanied by clinical and biological applications. In this review, the interpretation and analysis of some recent developments in microfluidic systems in biomedical applications with more emphasis on tissue engineering and cancer will be discussed. Moreover, we try to discuss the features and functions of microfluidic systems. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinhei
Preparation and characterization of MnTiO3, FeTiO3, and CoTiO3 nanoparticles and investigation various applications: a review
No full textThe fabrication of nanoceramices and nanomaterials with desirable morphology, structure, and particle size is one of the most important fields in the nanoscience. In order to achieve this goal, the sol�gel method is one of the most applicable methods which allow us to attain desirable structures by changing some parameters. This review focuses on the synthesis of some MTiO3 (M = transition metals) by different routs owing to the technological importance of this group of materials. It also investigates different properties of such materials including photocatalytic, dielectric, optical and electrocatalytic behaviors. The conventional titanates of MnTiO3, FeTiO3, and CoTiO3 are introduced and furthermore, their syntheses have been clarified by proposing a related mechanism. The effects of reactants concentration, time and temperature reaction, surfactant, M2+ and Ti4+ sources, etc. on the particle size, morphology, and some properties of the obtained nanomaterials have been investigated. The size and morphology of the as-synthesized samples are studied by the X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images. The optical, magnetic, and photocatalytic properties of the MTiO3 are studied as well. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
Regarding the publication �Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and stage IV-V chronic kidney disease�
No full textThe correlation of helios and neuropilin-1 frequencies with parkinson disease severity
No full textObjectives: Parkinson disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disease, has also some immunologic basis in which several regulatory factors, like Helios and Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) may show some roles in its pathogenesis. We aimed to evaluate the circulatory frequency of T regulatory cells (Tregs) expressing Helios and NRP-1 in PD. Patients and Methods: In this case-control study, 83 patients with PD and 83 healthy controls were enrolled. The diagnosis of PD was accomplished in accordance with clinical diagnostic criteria of the UK Parkinson Disease Society Brain Bank. The modified Hoehn and Yahr (H and Y) were used to measure the severity of PD. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the circulatory frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs expressing and Helios and NRP-1 in all participants. Also, correlation of H and Y with such frequencies was evaluated. Results: Our findings showed that frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs expressing NRP-1 (P = 0.04) and Helios (P = 0.01) in patients with PD was significantly higher than those in healthy subjects. The frequency of Tregs expressing Helios and NRP-1 showed a negative correlation with H and Y criteria and disease duration. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the severity of PD is the only effective factor on the frequency of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+NRP-1+Tregs (P = 0.012) and CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Helios + Tregs (P = 0.038). Conclusion: Our study showed that the increased frequency of Tregs expressing Helios and NRP-1 is associated with the severity of PD. © 2020 Elsevier B.V
Interleukin 7 receptor T244I polymorphism and the multiple sclerosis susceptibility: a meta-analysis
Get PDFBackground: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is recognized as the most prevalent chronic inflammatory neurological disorder diagnosed in young adults. Recent evidence suggests that the T244I polymorphism of the IL7Rα gene (rs6897932) May influence MS susceptibility; however, individual studies have provided conflicting and controversial results. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between the IL7R T244I polymorphism and the risk of MS. Method: An extensive search for published literature up to May 2019 was accomplished in the electronic databases, and 28 studies consisting of 16,260 MS patients and 18,335 controls were included. The pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95 confidence interval (CI) was calculated to investigate the strength of association. Results: The results of the present meta-analysis represented significant association between the IL7R T244I polymorphism and MS susceptibility. (recessive model: OR = 1.126, 95 CI 1.026�1.236, P =.012; dominant model: OR = 1.172, 95 CI 1.024�1.341, P =.021; homozygous model: OR = 1.213, 95 CI 1.038�1.417, P =.015; and allelic model: OR = 1.109, 95 CI 1.025�1.200, P =.010, respectively). In the subgroup analysis according to region, our findings showed significant association in Europe. However, no association was found in Middle East. Conclusion: The current meta-analysis demonstrated that the C allele of IL7R T244I polymorphism might be a risk factor for the MS susceptibility in Europe but not in Middle East. © 2020 Elsevier B.V
Carcinogenic risks and chemical composition of particulate matter recovered by two methods: wet and dry extraction
Get PDFWet and dry extraction methods are two main methods used in toxicological in vitro and in vivo studies to recover particulate matter (PM) from filter papers. The aim of this study was to extract PM by wet and dry extraction methods and compare the elemental content and carcinogenic risks of extracts. PM10 samples were collected using fiberglass filters and a high-volume air sampler. For wet extraction, the method involved agitation in water, sonication in water bath, and agitation again. For dry extraction, the filters were sonicated and the PM was recovered using sweeping by a brush. Elemental composition of extracts was determined by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Excess lifetime cancer risks (ELCR) of As, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb in extracts were estimated. The average recovery efficiency () of dry and wet extraction methods were 36.8 and 58.5, respectively. The average elemental concentration that resulted from dry and wet methods was calculated to be 2.27 and 1.26 μg/m3, respectively. The total ELCR of all heavy metals in both methods exceeds the 1 � 10�6 limit. However, the total ELCR of heavy metals that resulted from the dry method was higher than that from the wet method. In conclusion, the dry method showed to be more effective to recover a representative extract from the filter. This can ultimately lead to a realistic and robust response in toxicological studies. However, a toxicological comparison between the extracts of these two methods is required. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The effects of saffron on psychiatric disorders: A review
No full textPsychiatric disorders are serious health problems and major contributors to the global burden of disease. Asian and European healthcare models, integration of psychotropic herbal medicines into conventional medical practice appears to still be some way off. Evidence reported show that saffron may be involved in neurodevelopment adult brain. The potential neuroprotective effect of saffron is linked to modulate several neurological pathways, including enhancing the immune response, decreased ROS, the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, and the regulation of nuclear factor kappa B activation, there are evidence studies that crocin intake might have anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Saffron is being explored as an adjunctive therapy for drug addiction and addiction management. We here review the role of saffron in the psychiatric disorders, such as mental disorders (depression, anxiety, sleep, and sexual), cognitive functions, schizophrenia, addiction, obsessive�compulsive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and Eating disorder. Adequate administrate of saffron seems to be crucial in terms of psychiatric disorder management. Saffron is safe and well tolerated when administered orally but has documented risks with intravenous administration. An evidence study supports its use as an adjunctive therapy clinically for psychiatric disorders, administered concomitantly with existing medications. The aim of this review is to assess the current knowledge related to the role of saffron administration on psychiatric disorders. Future research directions will be suggested. © 2020, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved
Job characteristics and work adjustment among Iranian nurses: A correlational study
No full textBackground: Job characteristics (JCs) are an important factor in successful task performance and successful work adjustment (WA). Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between JCs and WA among Iranian nurses. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was carried out in 2018 on 190 nurses randomly recruited from Shahid Beheshti University Hospital, Kashan, Iran. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the JCs Questionnaire, and the WA Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed through the independent-samples t-test, the one-way analysis of variance, the Pearson correlation analysis, and the linear regression analysis. Results: The total mean scores of JCs and WA were, respectively, 70.43 ± 45.07 and 3.23 ± 0.43. JCs had significant but weak correlation with WA (r = 0.29; P = 0.001). JCs, age, and employment status were identified as predictors of WA (r2 = 0.076; P = 0.001). Conclusion: Nursing managers can promote nurses' WA by paying greater attention to their perception of their JCs and promoting their professional autonomy. © 2020 Nursing and Midwifery Studies | Published by Wolters Kluwer-Medknow
Evaluation of a pilot-scale scrubber for the mitigation of NH3 emissions from laboratory animal house in the presence of different oxidants
No full textThe exhaust air expelled from laboratory animal housing systems is the main source of the NH3 emissions to the atmosphere. On this basis and regarding the environmental impact of NH3 emissions, more insights into the air scrubbers as one of the ways to mitigate the NH3 emission from animal houses are needed. The detailed evaluation of a pilot chemical scrubber system was performed for the elimination of NH3 gas by various oxidants such as NaOCl, H2O2, and KMnO4 over a two months period. The removal performance and elimination capacity were applied as technical indexes for appraisal of pilot-scale function against off-gases. Also, the influence of empty bed residential time (EBRT) and pH of scrubbing solution on the chemical scrubber acting mechanism was investigated. The obtained results indicated that the removal efficiency and elimination capacity of NH3 by scrubber in the presence of H2O2 had more robustness against changes of mass loading rate and empty bed residential time (EBRT) than other oxidants, with a removal efficiency of 99.31 to 88.12 in EBRTs of 12.81 to 1.6s, respectively. Furthermore, for the economic assessment of the oxidants, the oxidant-consumed (mg)/NH3-removed (mg) fraction was obtained for oxidants, which was 7.5-9.2, 1.35-2.5, and 11.5-12.4 for NaClO, H2O2, and KMnO4, respectively. On this basis, employing the hydrogen peroxide oxidant can be beneficial in terms of economic viewpoint. Ultimately, chemical scrubber along with H2O2 oxidant seems to be a more efficient applicable NH3 mitigating method in treating waste gas of animal house. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved