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Attachment behaviors in physiological birth versus cesarean section
No full textObjectives: Attachment can be described as a powerful bond between two individuals, in this case, between the mother and child. This process is started during pregnancy and completed after childbearing. Thus, delivery time, as a turning point between two stages of attachment is very important. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the probable relations between the mother to child attachment and the mode of delivery. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 260 pregnant women were included based on specific inclusion criteria, who were in the age range of 15-45 years old and the gestational age between 37 to 42 weeks and were the candidate for physiological delivery or cesarean section. After obtaining the constant written form, the demographic information questionnaire was handed to the participants. One hour after delivery, the attachment questionnaire was completed by the researcher in the postpartum ward. Finally, the Spielberg anxiety inventory for each of the samples was completed up to one hour after delivery. Results: Based on the findings, the participants of the physiological delivery group showed more positive attachment behaviors in comparison with the other group. Further, some domains of attachment such as looking, caressing and rocking the cradle in the subtypes of emotional behaviors, as well as contiguous behaviors and caring behaviors significantly differed among the participants (P 0.005) Conclusions: In sum, the results of the current study indicated that mothers who engaged in physiological delivery had higher scores regarding mother to child attachment behaviors. In other words, they are more successful to attach their babies compared to the cesarean group. These results are important because various children are born by a cesarean section and an insecure attachment can have many negative effects for the child. © 2020 The Author(s)
A systematic review of the effects of satureja khuzestanica jamzad and zataria multiflora boiss against pseudomonas aeruginosa
Full text linkBackground: The use of antibiotics is common, but its excessive or improper use leads to antibiotic resistance. Consequently, scientists have been interested in exploring traditional medicine to identify a new source of anti-bacterial agents. The present study aimed to conduct a systematic review to determine the anti-bacterial activity of Satureja khuzestanica Jamzad (SKJ) and Zataria multiflora Boiss (ZM) essential oils against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro. Methods: A comprehensive literature search for studies published on SKJ and ZM was carried out. Various keywords (S. Khuzestanica, Marzeh-e-Khuzestani, Z. Multiflora, Z. Multiflora Boiss; avishan-e-shirazi, shirazi thyme, thymol, carvacrol; P. aeruginosa, Iran, antibacterial effect; traditional medicine, phytomedicine, herbal medicine) were used to search both international and Iranian databases (Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science, MEDLINE; PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Academic Search; Journal Storage, Magiran, Irandoc, Scientific Information Database (SID), and IranMedex). The selected articles were published during 2000-2017 and were written in English or Persian. Results: Seventeen articles were included in the review. The main ingredients of SKJ and ZM plants were carvacrol and thymol. The potential anti-bacterial activity of essential oils from these plants was confirmed. The carvacrol content, as the major active ingredient of SKJ was between 38.33-97.89. The major ingredients of ZM were carvacrol (16.8-82.7) followed by thymol (25.70-64.87). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of SKJ and ZM essential oils against bacterial strains was in the range of 0.31-450 and 2-8,000 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: The present review study confirmed the antibacterial activity of SKJ and ZM, particularly against Pseudomonas in vitro. © 2020, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved
Improvement of the sensitivity of PASSAG polymer gel dosimeter by urea
No full textThe severe toxicity in compound of polymer gel dosimeters has been reported as one of their major limitations for utilization in clinical applications. Recently, PASSAG polymer gel dosimeter has been introduced as a safe polymer gel dosimeter. Despite the excellent dosimetric results reported for this gel dosimeter, its R2-dose sensitivity is relatively low. Therefore, the present study is aimed to improve the sensitivity of PASSAG gel dosimeter by adding urea to its structure. Moreover, it was tried to obtain the optimal amount of urea for the new gel dosimeter. After preparation of the PASSAG-U (PASSAG and Urea) gel dosimeters, they were irradiated using 6 MV photon energy and their responses were read by a 1.5 T MRI scanner. Then, the R2-dose response and the R2-dose sensitivity of the PASSAG-U gel dosimeters with various percentages of the urea were assessed at a 0�10 Gy dose range, various scanning temperatures (15�24 °C), and post irradiation times (1�30 days). The radiological properties of PASSAG-U gel dosimeters con�rmed soft tissue and water equivalence of the new gel dosimeters. Compared to the PASSAG gel dosimeter, the R2-dose sensitivities of PASSAG-U gel dosimeters with 1, 3, and 5 urea were improved by 12.14, 25.15, and 27.90, respectively. Although the addition of urea improves the R2-dose sensitivity of the gel dosimeter, it leads to the degradation of dose resolution (especially for 5 urea). Moreover, the dosimetric evaluation of characteristics related to the PASSAG-U gel dosimeters with various urea concentrations resulted to following conclusions: 1) the optimal amount of urea was determined 3; 2) there was a stability in the R2 values for 18�22 °C scanning temperatures; 3) there was a temporal stability at the response of PASSAG-U gel dosimeters from 14 to 30 days after irradiation; 4) the R2-dose sensitivity of PASSAG-U gel dosimeters varied over post irradiation time. © 2019 Elsevier Lt
Assessment of the performance of nurses based on the 360-degree model and fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method (FMCDM) and selecting qualified nurses
Full text linkBackground: Human resources is the most prominent asset of an organization. Despite the constant effort to design optimal and effective systems for assessing employees, evidence shows that managers are not satisfied with the methods and systems to assess employees. Objectives: Researchers wanted to assess the performance of nurses based on the 360-degree model and fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making technique (FMCDM) and selecting qualified nurses. Methods: The present study is descriptive and conducted in 2016 in a hospital at Kashan University of Medical Sciences. This study conducted in three �stages. 1) Identification of criteria and sub-criteria for the performance assessment that classified into five groups (technical skills, human skills, and perceived skills; individual characteristics; and compliance with the organization's rules and regulations). 2) Weighing the criteria and sub-criteria based on the DEMATEL-ANP (DANP) method in a fuzzy environment. 3) Assessing the performance of nurses based on the 360-degree model, which includes supervisors, coworkers, self-assessment, and patients and their companions. In this stage, four groups used the VIKOR questionnaire to assess the performance. Results: Among five criteria of assessment, �Human Skills� earned a top score, and among 21 sub-criteria, �Identify the strengths and weaknesses,� �Suitable relationships with patients,� and �Partnership with colleagues� earned the top score. In the 360-degree model, the supervisor's assessment score was 0.521, with the highest weight, and the self-assessment was 0.042 with the lowest weight. Finally, nurse 3 in children and infants ward earned the highest ranking. Conclusions: The advantage of the proposed method is more realistic results than other methods because the criteria and sub-criteria are weighted, and the importance of each is determined. Hospitals can use the results of this study to assess the performance of medical groups. © 2020 The Author(s) Health profession; Nursing; Assessing the performance, 360-Degree model, Fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method and qualified nurses © 2020 The Author(s
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis to Investigate the Correlation Vegetable Irrigation with Wastewater and Concentration of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTES): a Case Study of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and Radish (Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus)
Full text linkWater shortage and stress around the world lead to the reuse of wastewater in many sectors while the recycling of water in agriculture as one of the most consumed sectors can boost the contamination of crops by potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the correlation between the accumulation of PTEs (Fe, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, As, Cd, and Se) in edible parts of spinach and radish plants and sewage irrigation by the aid of a meta-analysis. Moreover, the non-carcinogenic risk (N-CR) and carcinogenic risk (CR) for health risk assessment of consumers were assessed through actual total target hazard quotient (TTHQact) and carcinogenic risk (CRact). After the screening process, 51 articles with 75 studies were included. According to findings, the rank order of PTEs in spinach and radish were Fe > Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cd > As > Se and Fe > Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Pb > As > Cd > Se, respectively. PTE adsorption by edible parts of spinach (leafy vegetable) was higher than radish. The health risk assessment shows that residents in Iran, India, and China are at N-CR while the population of Iran, India, and Pakistan are facing CR. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
Resveratrol as an adjuvant for normal tissues protection and tumor sensitization
No full textCancer is one of the most complicated diseases in present-day medical science. Yearly, several studies suggest various strategies for preventing carcinogenesis. Furthermore, experiments for the treatment of cancer with low side effects are ongoing. Chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy are the most common non-invasive strategies for cancer treatment. One of the most challenging issues encountered with these modalities is low effectiveness, as well as normal tissue toxicity for chemo-radiation therapy. The use of some agents as adjuvants has been suggested to improve tumor responses and also alleviate normal tissue toxicity. Resveratrol, a natural flavonoid, has attracted a lot of attention for the management of both tumor and normal tissue responses to various modalities of cancer therapy. As an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, in vitro and in vivo studies show that it is able to mitigate chemo-radiation toxicity in normal tissues. However, clinical studies to confirm the usage of resveratrol as a chemo-radioprotector are lacking. In addition, it can sensitize various types of cancer cells to both chemotherapy drugs and radiation. In recent years, some clinical studies suggested that resveratrol may have an effect on inducing cancer cell killing. Yet, clinical translation of resveratrol has not yielded desirable results for the combination of resveratrol with radiotherapy, targeted therapy or immunotherapy. In this paper, we review the potential role of resveratrol for preserving normal tissues and sensitization of cancer cells in combination with different cancer treatment modalities. © 2020 Bentham Science Publishers
The survival rate of hepatocellular carcinoma in asian countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Full text linkHepatocellular carcinoma or Liver cancer (LC) is the sixth most common cancer and the fourth cause of death worldwide in 2018. There has not been a comprehensive study on the survival rate of patients with LC in Asia yet. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the survival rate of patients with LC in Asian countries. The methodology of the present study is based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) statement. The researchers searched five international databases including Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Knowledge and ProQuest until July 1, 2018. We also searched Google Scholar for detecting grey literature. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Form was used to evaluate the quality of selected papers. A total of 1425 titles were retrieved. 63 studies met the inclusion criteria. Based on the random-effect model one-year, three-year and five-year survival rate of LC were 34.8 (95 CI; 30.3-39.3), 19 (95 CI; 18.2-21.8) and 18.1 (95 CI;16.1-20.1) respectively. According to the results of our study, the LC survival rate in Asian countries is relatively lower than in Europe and North America. © 2020, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors. All rights reserved
Integration of multi-objective PSO based feature selection and node centrality for medical datasets
No full textIn the past decades, the rapid growth of computer and database technologies has led to the rapid growth of large-scale medical datasets. On the other, medical applications with high dimensional datasets that require high speed and accuracy are rapidly increasing. One of the dimensionality reduction approaches is feature selection that can increase the accuracy of the disease diagnosis and reduce its computational complexity. In this paper, a novel PSO-based multi objective feature selection method is proposed. The proposed method consists of three main phases. In the first phase, the original features are showed as a graph representation model. In the next phase, feature centralities for all nodes in the graph are calculated, and finally, in the third phase, an improved PSO-based search process is utilized to final feature selection. The results on five medical datasets indicate that the proposed method improves previous related methods in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. © 2020 Elsevier Inc
Development of the Iranian National Road Safety Plan: Study Protocol
Full text linkIntroduction: A national road safety strategic plan (NRSSP) is considered as one of the main road safety management issues in different
countries. Such a plan not only determines the vision and relevant strategies but also causes the implementation of appropriate interventions
to be coordinated and strengthened to achieve the goals set by partner organizations. The present study mainly aims to report Iran’s NRSSP
2021–2031 development protocol. Methods: According to a schedule, the study protocol consists of ten sections: (1) Determining a core
planning center, (2) Establishment of a steering committee, (3) Stakeholder identification, (4) Identification and development of Goals
and Strategies, (5) Vision development, (6) Establishment of committees, (7) Integration of Goals and Strategies, (8) Goals and Strategies
assessment, (9) Action plans development, (10) Monitoring and evaluation. An appropriate study method is performed for each of the
concerned steps. Conclusion: The road safety strategy plan is a critical component to promote the effectiveness of activities and achieve the
goals determined for road safety purposes. The Decade of Action for Road Safety is just being closed to its end; hence, reviewing and drawing
up a road safety document concerning authentic scientific models and evidence is of paramount importance in Iran. The present study takes
over the mission to address this gap
The effects of telephone-based telenursing on perceived stressors among older adults receiving hemodialysis
Full text linkBackground: Older adults who receive hemodialysis face different physiological and psychosocial stressors. Management of physiological and psychosocial stressors is among their basic needs for a desirable life. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of telephone-based telenursing on perceived stressors among older adults receiving hemodialysis. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2018 on sixty older adults who were receiving hemodialysis. Participants were conveniently recruited from the hemodialysis centers of Shahid Beheshti and Imam Khomeini hospitals, Babol and Behshahr, Iran, and were randomly allocated to a control and an intervention group. A 3-month telephone-based telenursing program was implemented for participants in the intervention group. Physiological and psychosocial stressors were assessed before and after the study intervention. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square, paired-samples t, and independent-samples t-tests. Results: The mean score of physiological stressors in the intervention group statistically significantly reduced from 17.33 ± 1.74 at pretest to 11.96 ± 3.16 at posttest (P 0.05), there were significant between-group differences respecting the posttest mean scores and the pretest-posttest mean differences of both physiological and psychosocial stressors (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Telenursing is effective in significantly reducing perceived stressors among older adults receiving hemodialysis. Nurses can use telenursing to reduce stressors among this patient population