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A Multi-view Digital Image Correlation for Extracting Mode Shapes of a Tire
No full textModal analysis is used to extract dynamic characteristics of structures for correlation and validation purposes. These characteristics are usually extracted using conventional measurement tools. A known force is imparted to the structure using impact hammers or mechanical shakers and the response is measured using accelerometers. However, accelerometers may induce mass loading effects; thus, the results may not show the true dynamics of the structure. On the other hand, conventional measurement tools can only measure at few discrete locations. Digital Image Correlation and photogrammetry has provided test engineers with a new tool for measuring dynamics of structures. These techniques are non-contacting so they do not induce mass loading and they can provide full-field results. For a DIC measurement to extract mode shapes, operating data of a structure is measured while the cameras are in fixed positions. A stereo camera system has line of sight only on a section of the structure. If the entire dynamics of a structure is desirable, several stereo cameras needs to be used. Another approach is to move a single stereo camera measure dynamics of the structure from multiple field of views; however, the time domain results can only be stitched together if the entire structure is fixed or if the applied force is constant during the entire time of measurement. This assumption is not valid for many dynamic measurements. On the other hand if the DIC system is moved from a view to another view, because the response is measured at different instants of time, operating shapes from each camera view may have a different scaling factor. In the current work, we propose an approach to identify a uniform scaling factor that enables us to stitch these operating shapes extracted from different views of cameras. The new approach is proposed based on conventional modal analysis theory. In the proposed technique, a known force is applied to a structure using a mechanical shaker or an impact hammer. The measured response of the structure in the time domain is transferred to the frequency domain to extract the mode shapes of a section of the structure. A similar procedure is repeated for other sections of the structure to capture the entire area of interest. Mode shapes for all views of the structure are stitched together to extract the mode shape for the entire structure. The proposed technique suggests stitching the views in the frequency domain after being scaled rather than stitching them in the time domain. The proposed method was applied to measure mode shapes of a tire using measured time series from different sections of the tire
Long-term Cell Testing of Interlayer-free Lanthanum Strontium Cobalt Ferrite Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Get PDFSub-stoichiometric LSCF nanopowders with composition of (La0.6Sr0.40)0.95Co0.2Fe0.80O3-d were prepared using a nitrate-glycine process. The particle size is estimated to be 28.8 nm using the Scherrer equation. A sintering study and pull test was done to determine the quality of LSCF adhesion to the YSZ electrolyte. It was found that firing the cathode at 850oC does not provide the best adhesion, but button cell testing data indicate that the performance is stable over relatively long-term tests. The cell performance is not up to par to state-of-the-art Ni-YSZ/YSZ/SDC/LSCF where a barrier layer is used and the cathode is fired at high temperatures. Impedance data indicate that the reason for lower performance is due to higher cathode polarization. However, the results are promising and further studies are warranted because low temperature processing and the removal of the ceria layer can decrease fabrication costs.
Kettering University GM Mobility Research Center Video
No full textThe Kettering University GM Mobility Research Center is a vehicle and mobility systems development proving ground and outdoor research facility on Kettering University’s campus in Flint, Michigan. The unique facility – which will be the only one of its kind on a college campus in the country when completed – puts Kettering and Flint at the forefront of autonomous vehicle research/development, safety and technology.https://digitalcommons.kettering.edu/autodrive_pubs/1002/thumbnail.jp
Municipal Solid Waste Characterization and Forecast in Michigan
No full textThis study characterizes Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generation and its physical components and trends in the state of Michigan, in the United States. It also attempts to forecast the in-state generated MSW flow into landfills as a function of some socioeconomic factors. Large population along with high level of industrialization and other environmental concerns make MSW management a critical task in this state. A statistical analysis is performed on collected data in the presence of short data to forecast the landfilled MSW. The proposed multiple linear regression model with three significant factors of population, median household income and employment explains R2=86.03% of variability in the landfilled amount of MSW
Temporal Variation in Ankle Fractures and Orthopedic Resident Program Planning in an Urban Level 1 Trauma Center
No full textPrevious studies have described the mechanism of ankle fractures, their seasonal variation, and fracture patterns but never in conjunction. In addition, the cohorts previously studied were either not from trauma centers or were often dominated by low-energy mechanisms. The present study aimed to describe the epidemiology of ankle fractures presenting to an urban level 1 trauma center. The records from an urban level 1 trauma center located in the Midwestern United States were retrospectively reviewed, and the injury mechanism and energy, time of injury, day of week, month, and patient characteristics (age, gender, comorbidities, smoking status) were collected. The fractures were classified using the AO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen), Lauge-Hansen, and Danis-Weber systems. Of these systems, the Lauge-Hansen classification system resulted in the greatest number of “unclassifiable” cases. Most ankle fractures were due to high-energy mechanisms, with motor vehicle collisions the most common high-energy mechanism. The review found that most ankle fractures were malleolar fractures, regardless of the mechanism of injury. The ankle fracture patients had greater rates of obesity, diabetes, and smoking than present in the region where the hospital is located. The fractures were most likely to occur in the afternoon, with more fractures presenting on the weekend than earlier in the week and more fractures in the fall and winter than in the spring and summer. The temporal variation of these fractures should be considered for health services planning, in particular, in regard to resident physician staffing at urban level 1 trauma centers
... speaks at the AutoDrive Announcement
No full texthttps://digitalcommons.kettering.edu/autodrive_gallery/1003/thumbnail.jp
Effective method of treatment of effluents from production of bitumens under basic pH conditions using hydrodynamic cavitation aided by external oxidants
No full textUtilization of cavitation in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is a promising trend in research on treatment of industrial effluents. The paper presents the results of investigations on the use of hydrodynamic cavitation aided by additional oxidation processes (O 3/H 2O 2 /Peroxone) to reduce the total pollution load in the effluent from the production of bitumens. A detailed analysis of changes in content of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for all processes studied was also performed. The studies revealed that the most effective treatment process involves hydrodynamic cavitation aided by ozonation (40% COD reduction and 50% BOD reduction). The other processes investigated (hydrodynamic cavitation + H 2O 2 , hydrodynamic cavitation + Peroxone and hydrodynamic cavitation alone) ensure reduction of COD by 20, 25 and 13% and reduction of BOD by 49, 32 and 18%, respectively. The results of this research revealed that most of the VOCs studied are effectively degraded. The formation of byproducts is one of the aspects that must be considered in evaluation of the AOPs studied. This work confirmed that furfural is one of the byproducts whose concentration increased during treatment by hydrodynamic cavita-tion alone as well as hydrodynamic cavitation aided by H 2O 2 as an external oxidant and it should be controlled during treatment processes