2633 research outputs found
Sort by
Advancing a National Agenda to Eliminate Disparities in Pain Care: Directions for Health Policy, Education, Practice, and Research
No full textAbstract available at publisher's web site
Racial, Ethnic, and Insurance Status Disparities in Use of Posthospitalization Care after Trauma
No full textAbstract available at publisher's web site
LINKING INTERATIONAL RESEARCH TO GLOBAL HEALTH EQUITY: THE LIMITED CONTRIBUTION OF BIOETHICS
No full textAbstract available at publisher's website
Hispanic Health Disparities on the US-Mexico Border
No full textThe border between the United States (US) and Mexico has a unique population, environment, and set of health issues, including Hispanic Health Disparities. The US-Mexico Border Region encompasses 100 miles north and south of the actual border, and includes 44 US counties, 80 Mexican municipalities, and 25 Native American Nations. The US population within this region is predominately Hispanic (50.7% of border county population) with 55.3% of all US Hispanics living in Border States and 8.4 living in border counties. This region, historically, has been economically impoverished with 3 of the US’s 10 poorest counties located along the border and 21 of the 44 US border counties carrying the economically distressed designation. The percentage of residents within border counties without health coverage ranges from 17.5-38%. When you examine only the Hispanic residents this drastically increases; for example 27.4% of all El Paso county residents do not have health insurance, but 46.4% of the El Paso county Hispanic population is without health insurance. This causes a number of individuals to routinely cross the US-Mexico Border to seek medical treatment. There are also a number of health disparities within the Hispanic Border population. A number of chronic disease rates are higher within the Hispanic Border population than within the rest of the US, including tuberculosis, diabetes, hepatitis, asthma, and obesity to name a few. It will take a US-Mexico border specific solution to address the Hispanic Health Disparities with this unique population and environment
Considering intersections of race and gender in interventions that address US men’s health disparities
Get PDFAdvancing a National Agenda to Eliminate Disparities in Pain Care: Directions for Health Policy, Education, Practice, and Research
Get PDFThe intersection of school racial composition and student race/ethnicity on adolescent depressive and somatic symptoms
Get PDF
The Pittsburgh STOP Program: Disseminating an Evidence-Informed Intervention for Low-Income Pregnant Smokers
No full textPurpose. Prenatal smoking is a preventable risk factor for poor perinatal outcomes and is more prevalent in pregnant smokers of low socioeconomic status (SES). We describe the intervention model and factors associated with quitting from the Pittsburgh STOP Program, an evidence-informed dissemination intervention for low-SES pregnant smokers.
Setting. STOP is delivered in community health care clinics serving economically disadvantaged women.
Participants. Participants were 856 pregnant women who were current smokers (93%) and recent quitters (7%). Most were white (59%) or black (35%), single (74%), young (mean age = 25), and experiencing an unplanned pregnancy (84%); 90% were insured by Medicaid/uninsured.
Methods. An evidence-informed intervention for community pregnant women was delivered individually in a single-group pre-post evaluation design. Measures were demographics, participation and retention, smoking status, satisfaction, and cost. Analyses included descriptive statistics and logistic regression.
Results. Participants attended an average of 4.7 sessions. Dropout rate after the first session was 5%. Over 11% of smokers quit; 48% of preenrollment spontaneous quitters remained abstinent. Factors significantly associated with quitting included race, mother's age, nicotine dependence, and number of sessions attended.
Limitations. STOP is a community program with self-selected participants and no control group.
Conclusion. Low-income pregnant smokers will engage in an evidence-informed cessation program tailored for this group, with quit rates that compare to controlled research results
Finding Place in Making Connections Communities: Applying GIS to Residents’ Perceptions of Their Neighborhoods
No full textThe growing recognition that place matters has led to numerous foundation- and government-sponsored
initiatives that address the needs of disadvantaged neighborhoods and families in tandem. Fundamental
to these people-based and place-based strategies is the assumption that residents are both the beneficiaries
and the cocreators of improvements in their neighborhoods and the systems that serve them. However,
despite the centrality of place in these community initiatives, defining neighborhoods as they are
experienced by residents has proven challenging. This paper demonstrates how a household survey can
be used to ascertain residents’ views of the place they refer to as their neighborhood. The study uses data
from the Making Connections (MC) target areas in 10 cities. A representative sample of households were
asked the name of their neighborhoods and instructed on how to draw maps of their neighborhoods as
they viewed them. GIS tools were used to uncover spaces within the MC target areas that residents
included in their definitions of neighborhood as well as spaces that seemed to fall outside their collective
definitions. The study revealed several overlapping areas that constituted resident-defined neighborhoods
within most Making Connections target areas. The paper discusses the implications of this diversity of
resident neighborhood perceptions for community change initiatives