2633 research outputs found
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Innovation in Collaboration: The Summer Institute on Youth Mentoring as a university-community partnership
No full textAbstract available at publisher's web site
Quality Improvement Implementation and Disparities
No full textAbstract available at publisher's web site
Prevalence Rates and Racial disparities in undiagnosed pre-diabetes in the US population: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination survey of 2007-08
No full textAbstract available at publisher's web page
Missing the forest for the trees: Is focusing on cultural competence undermining the elimination of health disparities?
No full textData suggests that the millions of dollars and hours spent on attacking racial and other health disparities have yielded very little progress. For those of us hell-bent on reducing and eliminating disparities in care, this is rough to hear.
My own work and interest in implicit bias and unconscious stereotyping (Project Implicit offers information on this topic as well as Implicit Association Tests) has led me to see social determinants and implicit bias as the two missing links in the health disparities puzzle. Ironically, these seem to be the two pieces most commonly left out when conceptualizing how health..
From “Lists of Traits” to “Open-Mindedness”: Emerging Issues in Cultural Competence Education
No full textAbstract available at publisher's web site
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Exercise and Dietary Behaviors of Middle-Aged and Older Adults
No full textAbstract available at publisher's web site
A Qualitative Exploration of the Influence of Culture and Extended Family Networks on the Weight-related Behaviors of Urban African American Children
Get PDFBackground: Childhood obesity is a public health problem with significant long-term implications and racial/ethnic disparities. African American extended family members play a significant role in child rearing and socialization, and research suggests that grandparents, in general, may influence children’s weight-related behaviors. There is,
however, a lack of research exploring how urban African American children’s relationships with extended family members may influence children’s weight-related behaviors. Therefore, this study examines how extended family members’ roles and responsibilities may influence urban African American children’s weight-related behaviors, how extended family members socialize children to adopt weight-related
behaviors, and how extended family members’ socialization practices may differ from those of primary caregivers.
Methods: This study builds upon and extends the work of a previous, mixed-methods study of 31 primary caregiver-child dyads, which was designed to examine household and neighborhood factors related to childhood obesity. In Phase 2, individual semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 8 Baltimore City children; paired interviews were conducted with their primary caregivers and one adult member of each child’s extended family. Manuscript 1 combines qualitative data from both studies to present case studies of the 4 families that participated in both studies. Manuscripts 2 and 3 focus on data collected from Phase 2’s 8 family units, and present detailed analyses of
familial influences on children’s physical activity and dietary behaviors, respectively. Findings: Manuscript 1 indicates that mothers and extended family members may differ in their influences on children’s weight-related behaviors, which may be related to differences in the adults’ roles and responsibilities with the children. Manuscript 2 suggests that extended family members may be more physically active with children; this may be influenced by perceived familial closeness and different relationship dynamics. Manuscript 3 indicates that children are consistently taught to value food-based family
traditions; however, adults may be inconsistent in the socialization strategies used in day-to-day dietary routines. These findings suggest that future family-based obesity interventions for African American children should extend beyond the immediate family to include key extended family members and consider the extended family networks’
norms and values
Your guide to Breastfeeding For African American Women
Get PDFBreastfeeding offers so many benefits for families, including:
• The joyful bonding with your baby
• The perfect nutrition only you can provide
• The cost savings
• The health benefits for both mother and baby
Even so, African American women are much less likely to breastfeed
than other women. What was once an important tradition is not the norm
for raising children today. There are many reasons for this trend, starting with
a lack of support. There isn’t enough helpful breastfeeding information for
African American women. Plus, from hospitals to drugstores, the message is
“feed your baby formula.” When we look to our
Cultural competency in health care: Web sites for health care providers and educators
No full textAs the United States becomes more culturally diverse, inequities in health care have been identified. It is a sad truth that, for Americans, the quality of health care received varies greatly depending on race, ethnicity, ability to speak English, socioeconomic group, or place of residence (especially if it is rural). One organization bridging this gap is the Agency for Healthcare Research and
Quality, which for the past eight years has published the National Healthcare Disparities Report detailing trends in health care equity and identifying inequalities. In it, for example, readers can find that Blacks, American Indians, and Alaska Natives
Serum potassium and the racial disparity in diabetes risk: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study1,2
No full textBACKGROUND: Low serum potassium appears to be independently associated with incident type 2 diabetes, and low dietary potassium is more common in African Americans than in whites.
OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that low serum potassium contributes to the excess risk of diabetes in African Americans.
DESIGN: We analyzed data collected from 1987 to 1996 from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. At baseline, we identified 2716 African American and 9493 white participants without diabetes. We used multivariate Cox models to estimate the relative hazards (RHs) of incident diabetes related to baseline serum potassium during 9 y of follow-up.
RESULTS: Mean serum potassium concentrations were lower in African Americans than in whites at baseline (4.2 compared with 4.5 mEq/L; P < 0.01), and African Americans had a greater incidence of diabetes than did whites (26 compared with 13 cases/1000 person-years). The adjusted RHs (95% CI) of incident diabetes for those with serum potassium concentrations of <4.0, 4.0-4.4, and 4.5-4.9 mEq/L, compared with those with serum potassium concentrations of 5.0-5.5 mEq/L (referent), were 2.28 (1.21, 4.28), 1.97 (1.06, 3.65), and 1.85 (0.99, 3.47) for African Americans and 1.53 (1.14, 2.05), 1.49 (1.19, 1.87), and 1.27 (1.02, 1.58) for whites, respectively. Racial differences in serum potassium appeared to explain 18% of the excess risk of diabetes in African Americans, which is comparable with the percentage of risk explained by racial differences in body mass index (22%).
CONCLUSIONS: Low serum potassium concentrations in African Americans may contribute to their excess risk of type 2 diabetes relative to whites. Whether interventions to increase serum potassium concentrations in African Americans might reduce their excess risk deserves further study. The ARIC Study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT0000513