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Genome-wide association and genomic selection in aquaculture
No full textRecent advancements in genomic technologies have led to the discovery and
application of DNA-markers [e.g. single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] for the
genetic improvement of several aquaculture species. The identification of specific
genomic regions associated with economically important traits, using, for example,
genome-wide association studies (GWAS), has allowed the discovery and incorporation
of markers linked to quantitative trait loci (QTL) into aquaculture breeding
programs through marker-assisted selection (MAS). However, most of the traits of
economic relevance are expected to be controlled by many QTLs, each one explaining
only a small proportion of the genetic variation. For traits under polygenic control,
prediction of the genetic merit of animals based on the sum of effects at positions
across the entire genome (i.e. genomic estimated breeding values, GEBV, which are
used for what has become known as genomic selection), has been demonstrated to
speed the rate of genetic gain for several traits in aquaculture breeding. The aim of
this review was to provide an overview of the development and application of genomic
technologies in uncovering the genetic basis of complex traits and accelerating
the genetic progress in aquaculture species, as well as providing future perspectives
about the deployment of novel molecular technologies for selective breeding in coming
years
Usage pattern of chemicals, biologicals and veterinary medicinal products in Indian aquaculture
No full textThe use of chemicals, biologicals and veterinary medicinal products (VMPs) helps in
healthy and sustainable fish production. Information on the use of these products is
essential for assessing farming practices, potential human health and environmental
risks. A questionnaire-based nationwide survey covering aquaculture farms
(n = 2936) producing carps, tilapia, pangasius and rainbow trout in freshwater and
shrimp in brackishwater estimated the use of 52 different types of inputs which
included disinfectants (597 g t 1), probiotics (2.28 kg t 1), environmental modifiers
(22.82 kg t 1), nutritional supplements (1.96 kg t 1), natural anti-infective agents
(293 g t 1), herbicide and piscicides (844 g t 1), antibiotics (2 mg PCU 1), antifungal
(4 mg PCU 1), and antiparasitic (14 mg PCU 1) agents. The bulk of these inputs was
used for soil and water quality improvement and had low environmental and human
safety concerns. The multivariate analysis revealed significant variation in the frequency
and quantity of compounds use among farm groups. Redundancy analysis
revealed a significant association between the number of products used and stocking
density. The survey also showed a considerable influence of education and
farming experience on the usage pattern of aquaculture inputs. Results of the study
indicated greater reliance of farmers on the use of disinfectants for biosecurity,
nutritional supplements for enhanced growth and environmental modifiers for
maintaining soil and water quality in culture systems. Though there was no use of
restricted antibiotics and antiparasitic agents, the development and implementation of standard regulatory guidelines are essential for safe and effective use of inputs
for sustainable aquaculture
PENGENALPASTIAN DAN PENCIRIAN PEPTIDA PERENCAT ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME (ACE) DARIPADA SARANG BURUNG WALET MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN IN SILICO DAN IN VITRO
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Aquaculture Site Selection of Oncorhynchus Mykiss (Rainbow Trout) in Markazi Province Using GIS-Based MCDM
No full textThe production of seafood, particularly in areas far from coastlines, makes aquaculture an
optional farming alternative. Case research from the semi-arid Markazi province, Iran, is examined
as a viable aquaculture location for Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout). ArcGIS Version 10.6.1
and Super Decision Version 3.2 software are utilized for the zoning and assessment of criteria
maps. All criteria, i.e., sub-criteria and limitations, were gathered through the academic literature,
qualitative interviews via expert opinion, national data, and guidelines. By imposing constraints on
the premier aquatic potential map, the final map of the aquaculture potential of Markazi province was
obtained. The results indicated that 40.79% of Markazi province has a high potential for aquaculture
development. According to the sensitivity analysis, changes in criterion value (i.e., increase or
decrease) in weight corresponded with the rate of change. Aquaculture development would require
large-scale investment and make Markazi province a major seafood producer in the regio
Reconceptualizing the 'Anthropos' in the Anthropocene: Integrating the social sciences and humanities in global environmental change research
No full textThere is growing recognition that humans are faced with a critical and narrowing window of
opportunity to halt or reverse some of the key indicators involved in the environmental crisis.
Given human activities? scale and impact, as well as the overly narrow perspectives of
environmental research?s dominant natural sciences, a major effort is necessary to place
the perspectives and insights of the humanities? and social sciences? perspectives and insights
at the forefront. Such effort will require developing integrated approaches, projects, and
institutions that truly do so. This article?s goal is to help mobilize the social sciences and the
humanities on the topic of sustainability transitions, but also call for a meaningful research
agenda to acknowledge the profound implications of the advent of the Anthropocene epoch.
We formulate the need for an innovative research agenda based on a careful consideration of
the changing human condition as linked to global environmental change. The humanities and
social sciences will need to change and adapt to this pressing, historic task
