Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

MOHAMMAD ISMAIL (PM TS DR)

SEM RAW DATA

The aim of this study is to analyse the possible implementation of Marine Spatial Planning, which is a management tool in Setiu Wetland in order to conserve the oysters in their natural habitat. Many wetlands have degraded due to unsustainable development practices in their surrounding environments including Setiu Wetland

LUA WEI YIEN

APPLICATION OF MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING IN SETIU WETLANDS AS AN ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREA AND

MOHAMAD NOR AZRA MD ADIB (DR)

SEM SORTED DATA

AINA MUNIRAH BINTI AB RASID

PENGENALPASTIAN BAKAT PAPAN SELAJU DARI PETUNJUK BIO-KECERGASAN MELALUI PERUMUSAN PEMBELAJARAN MESIN

CHE WAN MOHD NOOR CHE WAN OTHMAN (TS DR)

NURHANNA BADAR@BATAR (DR)

MOHD AL AMIN MUHAMAD NOR (DR)

YUSNITA HAMZAH (PM DR)

NURUL ASHIKIN BINTI MAT ZAUKI

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Abstract of thesis presented to the Senate of Universiti Malaysia Terengganu in 
fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science 
NESTING OF Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda IN BALOK RIVER, PAHANG IN 
RELATION TO CHANGES OF SOME ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS 
NURUL ASHIKIN BINTI MAT ZAUKI 
OCTOBER 2022 
Main Supervisor : Associate Professor Behara Satyanarayana, 
Ph.D 
Co-Supervisor : Professor Mhd Ikhwanuddin @ Polity Bin 
Abdullah, Ph.D 
Bryan Raveen Nelson, Ph.D 
Institute : Institute of Oceanography and Environment 
The mangrove horseshoe crab, Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda (Latreille, 1802) 
has received less scientific attention than the other horseshoe crab species because its 
distribution is restricted and researchers would experience accessibility constraints in 
the muddy mangrove environment. With limited data, the population status of C. 
rotundicauda is still remaining ‘Data Deficient’ within the IUCN Red List database. 
The present study (January–December 2016) was aimed at identifying C. 
rotundicauda spawning activity in relation to edaphic and hydrologic conditions 
(during monsoonal transitions) at Balok River (State: Pahang), East coast of Peninsular 
Malaysia. Three sites (S1–S3) in 200–1000 m distances from the Balok River mouth, 
dominated by Avicennia and Rhizophora spp., were found hospitable to the spawning 
activity of C. rotundicauda. Monthly sampling for collecting the adult specimens was 
conducted with gill nets (200 m length x 2 m height with a mesh size of 11.43 cm). 
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Surface sediment was removed gently by using a hand scoop to count the number of 
eggs in every nest exhumed. A total number of 56 nests with 2880 eggs were noticed 
for the dry Southwest monsoon (May–September) while 31 nests and 1811 eggs were 
found at Balok River for the wet Northeast monsoon (October–February). Irrespective 
of the seasonal salinity variations, a strong correlation (p = 0.551) was achieved 
between C. rotundicauda nesting activity and sediment sorting/ nest depth. Overall, 
more than 60 % of sexually matured C. rotundicauda were found during the dry season 
(n=229) than to the wet season (n=26) in Balok River. On the other hand, eggs of C. 
rotundicauda were abundant in the nests at 1.9–3.5 cm depths and these nests were 
dominated by medium to fine sand. The present study on C. rotundicauda nesting 
activity at Balok River serves as a baseline data for enacting possible wildlife 
conservation activities and implement strict regulations after physical infrastructure 
developments along the Malaysian coastlines.  
  
  
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Abstrak tesis yang dikemukakan kepada Senat Universiti Malaysia Terengganu 
sebagai memenuhi keperluan untuk Ijazah Sarjana Sains 
PENYARANGAN Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda DI SUNGAI BALOK, 
PAHANG DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN BEBERAPA FAKTOR 
PERSEKITARAN 
NURUL ASHIKIN BINTI MAT ZAUKI 
OKTOBER 2022 
Penyelia : Profesor Madya Behara Satyanarayana, Ph.D 
Penyelia Bersama : Profesor Mhd Ikhwanuddin @ Polity Bin 
Abdullah, Ph.D 
Bryan Raveen Nelson, Ph.D 
Institut 
 
: Institut Oseanografi dan Sekitaran 
Belangkas bakau atau dikenali sebagai Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda 
(Latreille, 1802) kurang mendapat perhatian saintifik berbanding spesies belangkas 
yang lain kerana kewujudannya agak terbatas dan para penyelidik mengalami 
kesukaran untuk memasuki habitat bakau berlumpur belangkas ini. Kekurangan 
maklumat berkenaan spesies belangkas ini telah mengekalkan status populasinya di 
habitat liar sebagai ‘Kekurangan Data’ di dalam Senarai Merah IUCN. Kajian ini 
(Januari–Disember 2016) dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengkaji aktiviti pembiakan C. 
rotundicauda dan mengenal pasti kesan edafik dan hidrologi (ketika musim peralihan 
monsoon) di Sungai Balok (Pahang), Pantai Timur Semenanjung Malaysia. Tiga 
lokasi pembiakan belangkas (S1–S3) dengan jarak 200–1000 m dari muara Sungai 
Balok, dan didominasi oleh pokok bakau dari spesies Avicennia dan Rhizophora spp. 
didapati menyokong aktiviti pembiakan C. rotundicauda. Aktiviti persampelan secara 
bulanan menggunakan pukat tangsi (200 m panjang x 2 m tinggi dengan ukuran pukat 
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11.43 cm) didapati berkesan untuk menangkap belangkas dewasa. Permukaan pasir 
telah dikorek secara berhati–hati menggunakan senduk sebelum bilangan telur 
direkodkan dari setiap sarang yang digali. Sejumlah 56 sarang dengan 2880 biji telur 
telah digali ketika musim kering Monsun Barat Daya (Mei–September) manakala 31 
sarang dan 1811 biji telur telah dijumpai di Sungai Balok ketika musim lembab 
Monsun Timur Laut (Oktober–Februari). Kemasinan tidak mempengaruhi aktiviti 
persarangan belangkas tetapi korelasi yang kuat (p = 0.551) telah dicapai untuk 
taburan pasir dan kedalaman sarang. Secara menyeluruh, lebih daripada 60 % 
belangkas matang telah diperolehi ketika musim kering (n=229) berbanding ketika 
cuaca lembab (n=26) di Sungai Balok. Selain itu, belangkas betina C. rotundicauda 
didapati bertelur pada kedalaman 1.9–3.5 cm di dalam pasir yang bersaiz sederhana 
dan halus. Kajian berkenaan aktiviti pembiakan C. rotundicauda di Sungai Balok ini 
akan berfungsi sebagai data asas yang boleh membantu pihak berkuasa untuk 
menguatkuasakan peraturan ketat mengenai pembangunan infrastruktur fizikal di 
sepanjang pesisiran pantai Malaysia.  
 
 
 
  


NESTING OF Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda IN BALOK RIVER, PAHANG IN RELATION TO CHANGES OF SOME ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

FAIZATUL SHIMAL MEHAMOD (PM CHM DR)

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu

Not a member yet

SEM RAW DATA

APPLICATION OF MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING IN SETIU WETLANDS AS AN ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREA AND

SEM SORTED DATA

PENGENALPASTIAN BAKAT PAPAN SELAJU DARI PETUNJUK BIO-KECERGASAN MELALUI PERUMUSAN PEMBELAJARAN MESIN

SEM SORTED DATA

SEM RAW DATA

SEM RAW DATA

SEM RAW DATA

NESTING OF Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda IN BALOK RIVER, PAHANG IN RELATION TO CHANGES OF SOME ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

SEM SORTED DATA

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