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Moisture source analysis for extreme precipitation events ffecting the iberian peninsula
No full textResumen de la ponencia presentada en: XXXVI Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XXII Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Cádiz y San Fernando del 13 al 15 de marzo de 2024.The moisture sources of two major extreme precipitation events in the Iberian Peninsula (IP) that occurred on
September 18, 1999, and September 7, 1989, are analyzed. These events correspond to an Atlantic extratropical
storm and a cut-off low. To determine the pattern of moisture sources, a Lagrangian methodology is used,
considering only the precipitating particles that reach the target region. The results show that the first event was
associated with an atmospheric river, which facilitated intense moisture transport from the central and eastern
North Atlantic, reaching values of up to approximately 32%. The second event exhibited high local moisture
convergence, with the moisture sources primarily originating from the western Mediterranean Sea, with a
contribution of up to 40%
Supercells, large hail and tornadoes in Spain
No full textResumen de la ponencia presentada en: XXXVI Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XXII Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Cádiz y San Fernando del 13 al 15 de marzo de 2024.Supercell storms, often associated with severe weather conditions like tornadoes, hail, strong winds, and heavy precipitation, have a significant socioeconomic impact. In Spain, the lack of open-data availability has hindered their analysis. Collaborative efforts have created a database covering supercell events from January 2011 to December 2021, identifying 2087 storms, with citizen collaboration. The data show high supercell activity in eastern Spain, particularly in the Mediterranean and northeastern regions. Analyses of synoptic configurations and pre-convective environments have been conducted for supercells with hail ≥ 5 cm and without hail (< 5 cm) during 2011-2020, revealing that most hail-bearing supercells develop in eastern Spain, mainly in July and August, with stronger convective environments compared to non-hail supercells. From 2022, only high socioeconomic impact supercells (large hail ≥ 5 cm and tornadoes) have been recorded. The trend suggests a significant increase in hail events in Spain, possibly linked to anthropogenic climate change
Observational study and numerical simulations of sea breezes on the coast of Málaga
No full textResumen de la ponencia presentada en: XXXVI Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XXII Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Cádiz y San Fernando del 13 al 15 de marzo de 2024.Sea breezes are thermally-driven flows that develop on the mesoscale, influencing the thermal regime, diffusion of pollutants and convection triggering at coastal areas. Sea breezes on the coast of Malaga are analysed in this study. Firstly, an observational characterisation of the sea breeze is carried out, analysing observational data from three proximate stations during the summer 2022. The arrival of the sea breeze results in an increase in specific humidity and wind speed, and contributes to moderate the temperature increase at daytime. However, some differences can be identified between the three sites, showing the complexity of the area. Secondly, a sea breeze event of interest is analysed by means of a high-resolution numerical simulation with the WRF model. The output surface wind field shows complex surface wind circulations appearing in the area that can explain the remarkable temperature gradients found in observations. The results show the contribution of high-resolution numerical simulations to the identification of the underlying physical processes
Anomalous moisture transport related to landfalling extratropical cyclones over the Iberian Peninsula
No full textResumen de la ponencia presentada en: XXXVI Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XXII Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Cádiz y San Fernando del 13 al 15 de marzo de 2024.The Iberian Peninsula (IP) is often affected by extreme extratropical cyclone (EC)-related
hydrometeorological events. The anomalous moisture uptake (AMU) related to landfalling ECs over the IP
between 1985-2014 is analyzed through a Lagrangian approach. We performed our analysis in terms of
hydrological years and their classification into extremely wet, wet and normal. The results show that wet and
extremely wet hydrological years exhibit higher values of days under cyclonic influence. Annual EC-related
positive AMU for wet and normal periods exhibits higher values near the landfall region, in agreement with the
local convergence of water vapour along the pathways. Principally, the annual wet period was characterized by
a displacement of the AMU inner lower central North Atlantic, Western Mediterranean and Cantabrian Sea
Impact of ENSO teleconnection to winter temperature in the Iberian Peninsula
No full textResumen de la ponencia presentada en: XXXVI Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XXII Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Cádiz y San Fernando del 13 al 15 de marzo de 2024
Influence of climate change on extreme snowfall caused by storm Filomena
No full textResumen de la ponencia presentada en: XXXVI Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XXII Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Cádiz y San Fernando del 13 al 15 de marzo de 2024.Storm Filomena caused a historic snowfall event in Spain. Here we show that anthropogenic climate change significantly altered the amounts of snowfall during the event. Warming intensified snowfall in the north, while only a few kilometres to the south and especially in lowland areas had the opposite influence (i.e., weakening), revealing a very uneven response
Sea level oscillations forced by atmospheric disturbances on the coast of Cádiz
No full textResumen de la ponencia presentada en: XXXVI Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XXII Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Cádiz y San Fernando del 13 al 15 de marzo de 2024.The scientific community has long referred to sea level oscillations caused by atmospheric phenomena as meteotsunamis. These disturbances have been extensively studied in different locations of the world, particularly in various places of the Mediterranean Sea, and can involve serious threats in certain coastal areas. In this paper we analyse two specific episodes at the coast of Cadiz with significant sea level perturbations caused by atmospheric sea level pressure (SLP) oscillations forced by gravity waves from the mid-troposphere. The analysis of the available information confirms that the oceanic responses were amplified by the effect of shoaling waters and resonance in the semi-enclosed water bodies where they occurred, whose characteristic periods depend on their morphometry. The study also considers the likely additional contribution of other long-period sea-wave amplification processes on the coast of Cadiz
Anthropogenic climate change influence on favorable environments for tropical transitions development in the north Atlantic basin
No full textResumen de la ponencia presentada en: XXXVI Jornadas Científicas de la AME y el XXII Encuentro Hispano Luso de Meteorología celebrado en Cádiz y San Fernando del 13 al 15 de marzo de 2024.Recently, changes in the intensity and frequency of tropical cyclogenesis related to Anthropogenic Climate Change (ACC) have been observed, although uncertainties persist regarding this matter. Most tropical cyclones affecting Europe originate from tropical transitions and develop in autumn. This study examines changes in favorable environments for tropical transition development in this season in the eastern North Atlantic basin. Climatologies of variables related to tropical cyclogenesis have been computed and compared for different periods, considering the ACC effect. The SSP5–8.5 scenario from the EC-Earth3 climate model has been used. The results reveal a tropicalization of the environment in response to ACC. This is a matter of concern since tropical cyclones are notorious for being among the deadliest and most economically devastating global disasters, exposing areas such as Western Europe
