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Major Role of Marine Heatwave and Anthropogenic Climate Change on a Giant Hail Event in Spain
Get PDFA severe hailstorm that occurred in Spain on 30 August 2022, caused material and human damage, including one fatality due to giant hailstones up to 12 cm in diameter. By applying a pseudo-global warming approach, here we evaluate how a simultaneous marine heatwave (and anthropogenic climate change) affected a unique environment conductive to such giant hailstones. The main results show that the supercell development was influenced by an unprecedented amount of convective available energy, with significant contributions from thermodynamic factors. Numerical simulations where the marine heatwave is not present show a notable reduction in the hail-favorable environments, related mainly to modifications in thermodynamic environment. Our simulations also indicate that the environment in a preindustrial-like climate would be less favorable for convective hazards and thus the hailstorm event would likely not have been as severe as the observed one, being possible to perform a novel attribution of such kind.This work was supported by the Spanish research project PID2019-105306RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (IBERCANES) and by the grant from the Polish National Science Centre Grant (2020/39/D/ST10/00768). This work is funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy under the research project PID2019-105306RB-I00 (IBERCANES)
The Extraordinary March 2022 East Antarctica “Heat” Wave. Part I: Observations and Meteorological Drivers
Get PDFBetween 15 and 19 March 2022, East Antarctica experienced an exceptional heat wave with widespread
308–408C temperature anomalies across the ice sheet. This record-shattering event saw numerous monthly temperature records
being broken including a new all-time temperature record of 29.48C on 18 March at Concordia Station despite
March typically being a transition month to the Antarctic coreless winter. The driver for these temperature extremes was
an intense atmospheric river advecting subtropical/midlatitude heat and moisture deep into the Antarctic interior. The
scope of the temperature records spurred a large, diverse collaborative effort to study the heat wave’s meteorological drivers,
impacts, and historical climate context. Here we focus on describing those temperature records along with the intricate
meteorological drivers that led to the most intense atmospheric river observed over East Antarctica. These efforts describe
the Rossby wave activity forced from intense tropical convection over the Indian Ocean. This led to an atmospheric river
and warm conveyor belt intensification near the coastline, which reinforced atmospheric blocking deep into East Antarctica.
The resulting moisture flux and upper-level warm-air advection eroded the typical surface temperature inversions
over the ice sheet. At the peak of the heat wave, an area of 3.3 million km2 in East Antarctica exceeded previous March
monthly temperature records. Despite a temperature anomaly return time of about 100 years, a closer recurrence of such
an event is possible under future climate projections. In Part II we describe the various impacts this extreme event had on
the East Antarctic cryosphere
Perseverance-Ingenuity: nuestras manos y nuestros ojos en Marte
Get PDF'Mars 2020' es la última misión robótica enviada al planeta Marte por la NASA, dentro de su programa de exploración del planeta rojo. Esta misión despegó desde Cabo Cañaveral el 30 de julio del año 2020, llegando al cráter Jezero de Marte (zona de Syrtis Major) el día 18 de febrero del año siguiente (2021). 'Perseverance' es un verdadero prodigio de la tecnología, un laboratorio móvil y autónomo enormemente sofisticado, con capacidad para recoger muestras y realizar análisis químicos, biológicos, físicos, geológicos y atmosféricos. Tiene el tamaño y peso de un coche grande (tipo SUV), y está asistido por el primer helicóptero que opera fuera de nuestro planeta, llamado 'Ingenuity', o 'Ginny' como lo denominan coloquialmente los ingenieros de la misión. De pequeño tamaño y con un peso de 2 kg, dos rotores coaxiales de 1,2 metros de diámetro, cuatro patas y multitud de sensores, es un pequeño ingenio volador capaz de volar de forma segura y autónoma que resulta fundamental para las tareas de su hermano mayor 'Perseverance'.
El rover Perseverance' continua en el momento presente con su actividad programada de manera exitosa y correcta
The transition to new ozone absorption cross sections for Dobson and Brewer total ozone measurements
Get PDFComparisons between total ozone column (TOC) measurements from ground-based Dobson and Brewer spectrophotometers and from various satellite instruments generally reveal seasonally varying differences of a few percent. A large part of these differences has been attributed to the operationally used Bass and Paur ozone cross sections and the lack of accounting for varying stratospheric temperatures in the standard total ozone retrieval for Dobson. This paper demonstrates how the use of new ozone absorption cross sections from the University of Bremen (Weber et al., 2016), as recommended by the Absorption Cross Sections of Ozone (ACSO) committee; the application of appropriate slit functions, especially for the Dobson instrument (Bernhard et al., 2005); and the use of climatological values for the effective ozone layer temperature (Teff), e.g., from TEMIS (Tropospheric Emission Monitoring Internet Service), essentially eliminate these seasonally varying differences between Brewer and Dobson total ozone data (to generally less than ±0.5 %). For Hohenpeissenberg, the previous seasonal difference (close to 0 % in summer and up to 2.5 % in winter) is reduced to less than ±0.5 % year-round. Implementing this approach to the existing global network of Dobson spectrometers will reduce the overall uncertainty in their total ozone data from 3 % to 4 % previously to under 2 % at most locations
AEMET NWP Activities: 4th ACCORD ASW
No full textPóster presentado en: 4th All Staff Workshop, celebrado del 15 al 19 de abril de 2024 en Norrköping
Corpora Newsletter. N. 5 (marzo-abril 2024)
No full textBoletín bimestral para la comunicación corporativa de AEMET
