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Evaluation of the breadmaking properties of bioprocessed brewer's spent grain
No full textBrewer's spent grain (BSG) is the main by-product of the beer brewing industry. Despite its nutritional quality, and the potential environmental and economic benefits of its use as food ingredient, BSG is currently used as feed or discarded. BSG is a challenging material, due to high water and fibre content, not homogeneous texture and particular flavour. This study explores BSG addition to bread through in situ production of dextran by Weissella confusa A16,using a "clean-label" strategy. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermetation can improve the sensory properties and bread shelf-life, while dextran improves texture and volume of bread. Sucrose supplemented BSG was fermented by the above strain, added to wheat bread recipe and compared with wheat bread, untreated BSG bread and bread with BSG fermented without sucrose. Results show that BSg was a suitable substrate for the growth of W. confusa A16, bringing low acidity, and high dextran production (7.2% on dry weight of fermented BSG). A positive effect of dextran on BSG bread volume and hardness (respectively + 13% and -52% than fermented control) was clearly seen, as well as a sensible reduction of the staling rate. Thus, this biotechnology is an effective tool to exploit BSG as bread ingredient, facilitating counsumers acceptance
Bearing Rigidity Theory: characterization and control of mixed formations and localization
Get PDFThe bearing rigidity theory is applied to mixed formations composed by agents having heterogeneous domains. Necessary and sufficient conditions are provided for the characterization of infinitesimally bearing rigid formations. The stabilization problem for such formations is addressed and a distributed solution proposed and validated through simulations. A location recovery algorithm for fully-actuated formations embedded in SE(3) is presented along with analytical proofs
Aspetti su alcuni invarianti del generating graph di un gruppo finito
No full textIl generating graph Γ(G) di un gruppo finito G è il grafo costituito dagli elementi di G, che sono a due a due uniti mediante un lato se e solo se essi generano G.
Considereremo solo i lati che uniscono due elementi distinti, in maniera tale che se G è ciclico, il suo generating graph sarà privo di cappi. Il mondo in cui vive questo oggetto è quindi quello del gruppi al più 2-generati. Ogni gruppo semplice finito è 2-generato, come tutti gruppi simmetrici e alterni e i gruppi diedrali. Il generating graph in realtà non è del tutto un nuovo oggetto formale, ma fornisce un nuovo punto di vista al problema della generazione probabilistica di un gruppo, a partire da due suoi elementi random. Ad esempio, domande del tipo • Qual è la numerosità delle coppie che generano un gruppo G?
• ogni elemento di G appartiene a una coppia di generatori?
assumono una nuova veste grafica se indaghiamo le proprietà di Γ(G) con gli strumenti della teoria dei grafi, diventando:
• Γ(G) è connesso? Quanto è fitta la maglia formata dai suoi lati?
• Γ(G) ha vertici isolati?
Se G è semplice, allora Γ(G) non ha vertici isolati, ed è inoltre connesso. Se invece Γ(G) presenta vertici isolati, possiamo invece chiederci se è connesso il grafo ∆(G), cioè il grafo ottenuto da Γ(G) eliminando tali vertici.
È un problema ancora aperto la verifica della connessione di ∆(G) per un qualsiasi gruppo G, che sembra dettato dal passaggio delicato dai gruppi risolubili a quelli non risolubili. I maggiori risultati esposti in questo lavoro non a caso riguarderanno i gruppi nilpotenti e alcuni gruppi simmetrici di ordine piccolo. Introdotte un po' più a fondo alcune
caratteristiche del generating graph, si passeranno quindi in rassegna alcuni invarianti (connettività sui vertici, binding number, tenacia) di Γ(G) che introducono, anche se in modi diversi, una misura della sua complessità. Individueremo anche possibili relazioni di uguaglianza e inparticolare, nel quarto capitolo, vedremo come il calcolo del binding
number per una particolare classe di gruppi non nilpotenti ci darà informazioni sull'hamiltonianità del loro generating graph
Lenguaje no sexista en España: legislación, problemas, propuestas y un análisis del lenguaje empleado en un corpus de artículos de deporte femenino.
Get PDFMode Controllability of a Network Random Laser
Get PDFNanophotonic networks, micrometer-scale systems made of interconnected
sub-wavelength waveguides, have important applications in quantum
optics and integrated photonics. Random lasing is often uncontrolled in
emission wavelength, directions and temporal dynamics. The complexity of
the photonic network lasers allows the formation of spatially localized E.M.
modes and brings the opportunity to control the lasing action by selectively
illuminating a small subset of the network links. This result is predicted by a
graph description of Maxwell’s equations, which is used to model the network
laser. A computational procedure that can be experimentally implemented to
select a single mode is developed and its results studied. The experimental
mode selection procedure is tested on a sample using adaptive pumping,
achieving mode controlling
Reynolds stress dynamics and turbulent energy transfer during stimulated H-Mode transition in RFX-mod tokamak
Get PDFThe present thesis has been devoted to the investigation of the turbulence properties
in the edge region of RFX-mod operated as a tokamak during the transition
from Low confinement (L-mode) to High confinement (H-mode) mode aided by
the use of a biasing electrode inserted into the plasma. The mechanism of L-H
transition is not fully understood in the framework of thermonuclear plasma science.
Among the hypothesis, it has been suggested that turbulence itself may
contributed to the formation of the sheared E X B flow in the external region
which represents a distinct feature of the H-Mode. The proposed model foresees
a transfer of momentum from fluctuations to the mean plasma flow through the
Reynolds stress mechanism. This has been observed in various devices but no detailed
analysis has been done so far on L-H transition induced by the application
of an electrode capable of providing additional radial electric field and thus E X B
flow. The thesis has been done on RFX-mod, run as a tokamak in Upper Single
Null (USN) configuration, and the analysis has focused on data of the external region,
close to the separatrix by means of an insertable probe. The Reynold stress
contribution to the transition from L to H mode have been determined with its
relation to the increase of flow velocity. A robust change is seen in velocity shear
across the transition. An analysis of the dynamics of the flow is presented reporting
that additive terms to the model have to be considered for a complete
description of the phenomenon in case of induced biased H-Mode and some theoretical
hypothesis have been proposed in accordance with experimental results.
Eventually contribute of turbulences to viscosity and diffusive momentum have
been studied confirming the results previously obtained in the thesis
Characterization of highly-segmented silicon detectorsfor direct reactions with radioactive beams
Get PDFThe aim of this work was to characterize two large-area, highly-segmented, 1.5-mm thick silicondetector prototypes, with the goal of using them during in-beam experiments, in order to investigatenuclear structure properties by particle and gamma-ray spectroscopy.Such characterization consisted, after having identified the depletion voltage by different approaches,in the estimate of the best energy and time resolution. In the case of the energy resolution, optimalfilter parameters have been determined by a scan and by applying the FFT transform to identify themain noise contributions. Timing properties have been scrutinized using a digital constant-fractionalgorithm to efficiently restrain time jitter and walk. Eventually an estimate of charge-sharing effectsand resistivity of the substrate have been achieve