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    Relative impact of probiotics on improving insulin resistance in women with PCOS: an evaluation with neutrosophic plithogenic statistics

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    This research was undertaken to determine the relative effectiveness of probiotics on insulin resistance in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) via neutrosophic Plithogenic statistics to gauge treatment effectiveness. This is based upon three considerations—truth (clinical improvement), indeterminacy (possible effectiveness), and falsity (ineffectiveness)—for the end goal of determining how probiotics change gut microbiota to change metabolic factors associated with this endocrine disorder. Neutrosophic Plithogenic statistics were applied to analyze heterogeneous data to present the effective, uncertain, and ineffective values in correspondence to clinical findings such as insulin assessments, HOMA-IR index, and inflammatory markers. The major results found were that probiotic, particularly strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, could increase insulin sensitivity with relativistic findings based upon dose, duration of treatment, or compliance. Even some of the control groups who had no differences had good findings, as many showed non-compliance or poorly homogenous populations. Ultimately, the conclusion was that probiotics are a viable treatment option for women with PCOS to reduce insulin resistance by restoring the gut microbiota. Neutrosophic Plithogenic statistics gave a broad overview that took uncertainty into account with the intention that further studies focusing on singular facets may be more effective for clinical application

    Blending Informing Literacy and Visual Literacy: Instructional Vignettes in Art, Architecture, and Design

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    The ACRL Framework for Visual Literacy in Higher Education (Framework for Visual Literacy), based on empirical research into the trends, opportunities, and challenges facing the field of visual literacy in the twenty-first century,1 was codified in April 2022 and is an adaptable document to help learners grow their visual literacy competencies. In this chapter, written by four of the task force members charged with the creation of the Framework for Visual Literacy, we examine the relationship between the four themes in the Framework for Visual Literacy and the six frames of the ACRL Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education and argue for the joint use of the two frameworks for creating accessible, inclusive, and critical library pedagogy. Although the Framework for Visual Literacy was conceived as discipline-agnostic; the authors are practitioners in art, architecture, and design in addition to being librarians. Therefore, we have also provided vignettes of using these frameworks within our work as subject librarians. Each vignette highlights information and visual literacy concepts, providing readers with examples they can adapt to local contexts, including architecture, art and ecology, and exhibition planning for a university library gallery

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    Contributions of Educational Investment to International Student Mobility: A Multivariate and Neutrosophic Analysis of Educational Service Quality in OECD Data

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    This article examines the impact of educational investments in higher education on student international mobility from 39 OECD countries between 2013 and 2020 through multivariate statistical analyses and neutrosophic modeling of the SERVQUAL Neutrosophic Model. The findings, based on principal component analysis, biplot conclusions, and multiple linear regressions, suggest that there is a complicated, mixed relationship between investment per student, investment as a percentage of higher education, and part-time employment. However, findings establish that educational investments (in unconditional numbers) have a direct nexus to international mobility, linking biometrics to positive human well-being efforts, sustainability of academic disciplines, and responsible, relative internationalization. In addition, the SERVQUAL Neutrosophic Model, as a new contribution to the study, emphasizes the quality of educational services offered or expected by students for critical infrastructure, international student resources, and indigenous employment opportunities; thus neutrosophically analyzed where the temporal aspect of measurement can either mesh or integrally clash. For example, Norway and Denmark\u27s high investment per student yield positive outcomes with little neutrosophic uncertainty; however, India\u27s low investment predicts ambiguity for low neutrosophic certainty for service access and female students regarding part-time opportunities. Thus, this implies that both integrative public policy within higher education and labor markets and subsequent neutrosophic assessments of service quality are necessary to better facilitate personal mobility for community-driven intention and international efforts

    Prediction of therapeutic response to probiotics in inflammatory bowel diseases with neutrosophic regression

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    Therapeutic prediction response to probiotics in the field of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been a struggle for the gastroenterology field of studies. However, as IBD increases in the general population and varying reports of treatment response due to heterogeneous use of probiotics suggests greater predictive need. In addition, based on the multitude of articles currently published correlating the gut microbiome with disease pathology, there remains a theoretical gap in the literature. That is, the application of neutrosophic statistics to simulate the uncertainties experienced by biological information and later clinical real world data. This article seeks to fill that gap by using neutrosophic regression to project and predict uncertainty associated with patient inflammatory markers and aspects of the microbiome. Furthermore, this study provides evidence that neutrosophic regression allows for accurate prediction without the shortcomings of standard statistics based on microbiome content, probiotic administration, and clinical findings. Thus, this article provides the reader with two advantages. First, a novel consideration for a previously non-comparable approach to analytic findings for personalized medicine approaches which could inform choice of probiotic treatment. Second, a predictive theory for future experimentation and analysis that champions the need to understand the immune response dynamics and subsequent microbiome manipulation capabilities in IBD. Therefore, this study is necessary for the progression of theoretical understanding within the gastroenterology field but more so, something practical which could lead to greater treatment options in the future

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