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The Lieber Code and the American Civil War
Get PDFThis poster talks about the life of Francis Lieber, the Lieber Code, and the impacts of the Lieber Code
Ferrocenophanium Stability and Catalysis
Get PDFFerrocenium catalysis is a vibrant research area, and an increasing number of ferrocenium-catalyzed processes have been reported in the recent years. However, the ferrocenium cation is not very stable in solution, which may potentially hamper catalytic applications. In an effort to stabilize ferrocenium-type architectures by inserting a bridge between the cyclopentadienyl rings, we investigated two ferrocenophanium (or ansa-ferrocenium) cations with respect to their stability and catalytic activity in propargylic substitution reactions. One of the ferrocenophanium complexes was characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Cyclic voltammetry experiments of the ferrocenophane parent compounds were performed in the absence and presence of alcohol nucleophiles, and the stability of the cations in solution was judged based on the reversibility of the electron transfer. The experiments revealed a moderate stabilizing effect of the bridge, albeit the effect is not very pronounced or straightforward. Catalytic propargylic substitution test reactions revealed decreased activity of the ferrocenophanium cations compared to the ferrocenium cation. It appears that the somewhat stabilized ferrocenophanium cations show decreased catalytic activity
The Effect of Student Perception of Parent Involvement and Socioeconomic Status on Academic Intrinsic Motivation
Get PDFMany teachers struggle to help students become intrinsically motivated in their school work. Research has shown that students who are intrinsically motivated tend to have higher academic achievement than students who are not (Mendoza, 2012). There are many factors that contribute to students’ intrinsic motivation. Building on existing research, the relationship between perceived parental involvement and students’ intrinsic motivation, as well as the relationship of perceived socioeconomic status and intrinsic motivation was investigated. A mixed methods research approach was used to determine a) the relationship between perceived parent involvement and students’ intrinsic motivation, b) the relationship between perceived socioeconomic status and students’ intrinsic motivation, and c) the relationship between perceived parent involvement and perceived socioeconomic status. Middle school students from a diverse urban school district were given a Likert scale survey with questions asking their perspective on parental involvement and socioeconomic status on their own intrinsic motivation. Students were also given open-ended questions on their perception of academic intrinsic motivation. Results show a slight relationship between having parental/guardian involvement and academic intrinsic motivation in course work. However, there was no relationship on perceived socioeconomic status and student academic intrinsic motivation
The Motherhood Crusade: Rural Low-Income Mothers, Support, and Empowerment
Get PDFPrevious research has shown that postpartum women with untreated mental health conditions are more likely to fail to manage their own health, have inadequate nutrition, abuse substances, experience abuse, be less responsive to their baby’s needs, have fewer positive interactions with their baby, experience difficulties breastfeeding, and question their abilities as a mother. Rural culture plays a complex role in the transition to motherhood, influencing whether mothers seek out and use resources. While more is known about location and access issues, less is known about how rural culture and, more specifically, how empowerment and social support impact postpartum experience. The frameworks of Empowerment Theory, Zauszniewski’s Mid-range Theory of Resourcefulness and Quality of Life, and the Hage Framework guided the study through the concepts of support, cultural context, and empowerment. The study used a focused ethnography lens to give cultural context, and grounded theory analysis was used to understand the experiences of rural low-income mothers in Missouri. Data sources included observations of rural communities and semi-structured interviews with eighteen low-income women, the majority of whom identified as Black. Questions focused on support, wellbeing, and empowerment. From the analysis, five categories were developed: 1) “cultural context” (2) “social supports” (3) “perinatal mood” (4) “agency” and (5) “future oriented notions of contented mothering.” The mothering journey included the distinct lens through which mothers perceived experiences (cultural context), aspects of support (social supports), and the volatile landscape of the perinatal mood. Mothers discussed some degree of empowerment in the context of resourcefulness (social supports and agency), and achievement (future oriented notions of contented mothering). The new model was called Empowerment Framework for a Subculture of Rural Low-income Missouri Mothers. Future research is suggested to a) expand the understandings of immigrant postpartum mothers and their experiences in rural America and b) explore the identity journey in order to build trusting relationships and interventions post-birth
The Impact of Firm Size, Job Embeddedness, and Job Engagement on Turnover in Public Accounting Firms
Get PDFRetention in public accounting firms has been and continues to be a top concern in the accounting profession. The direct and indirect cost of turnover; the decrease in accounting enrollment and graduation; the Great Resignation; and changes to work environments due to the pandemic elevate what was already a serious problem into a critical problem for the accounting profession. The size of public accounting firms is a well-used descriptor when employees talk about where they work. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of the size of firm in predicting an employee’s level of job embeddedness and job engagement and the role of job embeddedness and job engagement in predicting an employee’s intention to stay. Many of the elements of a work environment that can increase an employee’s sense of embeddedness and engagement can be changed or altered by firm management. A quantitative survey design was used to gather evidence from full-time accounting professionals working in public accounting firms across the United States. Results suggest that there is a relationship between the size of the firm and job embeddedness and that job embeddedness does significantly predict an employee’s intent to stay with their public accounting firm. Firm management can take direct steps to increase how embedded their employees feel, with their firm and with their community, and in doing so, can address turnover intentions of their employees. This study illustrates the importance of job embeddedness and its impact on turnover intentions within the public accounting firm context
Homegrown: Pastor Advocacy for Victims of Sex Trafficking
Get PDFHuman trafficking consists of both sex trafficking (ST) and labor trafficking (LT) and is a growing problem for the United States. The Federal Human Trafficking Report (2019), states that Missouri is ranked ninth in the country for active criminal human trafficking cases. This issue is particularly prevalent in our churches because churches serve vulnerable populations and predators may be drawn to churches. Religious academic literature about pastor advocacy for victims of ST is lacking, while popular news sources reference case after case where pastors are the predators. This study consisted of nine Christian pastors who currently served in a pastoral role. The purpose was to understand how Christian pastors have advocated for victims of ST in their faith communities. The framework of transformational leadership was used to explore advocacy efforts. This qualitative, content analysis revealed seven themes: (1) ST ID; (2) Education; (3) Passion points are indicative of God calling people to act; (4) Umbrella advocacy consisted of indirect, peripheral, and direct pathways; (5) Heart work was built through ecumenical collaborations; (6) Spirit work evokes transformational learning for all; and (7) Protection of the flock addresses advocacy readiness, protection from spiritual woundedness, and inherent dangers which seeks to advocate for vulnerabilities within faith communities. Results indicate that long standing advocacy was present, and that females and males are both active in advocacy efforts although utilizing various roles
A Middle-Class Mother\u27s Journey on Navigating the Educational System: The Impact of Critical Race Theory, Intersectionality, and Class in Schools
Get PDFThis is a qualitative autoethnographic study of a Black mother in the Midwest region as she navigates the educational system for her children. This is a research document that informs the reader of the impact of racism and the intersectional identity of race, gender, and motherhood. The importance of intersectionality is highlighted in this research, and so it is that the mother is middle-class to articulate that poverty, access to resources, or the educational attainment of the mother are not necessarily mitigating factors for the treatment she receives within the educational setting. Moreover, is serves as a guide for other Black mothers and teachers who care about Black families to call for a change (e.g., shift, deconstruction, and reconstruction) in the educational system at large
See Me from Behind the Screen: Workplace Ostracism in a Remote Environment
Get PDFWorkplace Ostracism is a common social phenomenon that impacts individuals of diverse backgrounds, across various industries, and cultural experiences. Literature to date highlights direct and indirect relationships of workplace ostracism, concerning the psychological and behavioral outcomes an individual may experience and the impact to organizational goals. Of existing literature, studies have focused on acts of ostracism conducted in face-to-face (F2F) environments or in F2F workplace situations. With the COVID-19 Pandemic, many companies were forced into teleworking situations, where work continues to be conducted outside of the central work office or facility (remote). With the shift in working environments, the prevalence of workplace ostracism in a remote work environment is unknown; therefore, this study examines the prevalence and associated acts of workplace ostracism in a telework environment. Through our qualitative analysis, our findings indicate that ostracism does exist within the hybrid/remote environment and varies from exclusion from virtual engagements (meetings, chats, and/or calls), through limiting learning opportunities, and little to no interaction with peers regarding shared statements of work. Implications regarding the findings of the study are discussed, in addition to practical implications, limitations, and future research opportunities
Unleashing Your Power: Principal Support and Its Relation to Teacher Longevity In Hard-to-Staff Schools930
Get PDFTeacher attrition, the percentage of teachers who leave the field of education, has been a critical issue for many years. From general education teachers to special education teachers, from elementary to secondary, from public to private schools, and from rural to urban schools, much human and monetary capital are being spent to recruit and retain quality teachers; however, with very little success. Some research reports that the turnover rate is much larger for teachers than in other professions in the United States (Ingersoll, 2001). Ingersoll exclaimed that the teacher attrition rate was “twice the rate of nurses and five times the rate of lawyers” (p. 2). The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) reported data from their 2008-2009 teacher follow-up survey (Keigher, 2010). Studies have shown student achievement to be closely dependent upon exposure to highly qualified teachers (Ronfeldt, Lankford, Loeb & Wyckoff, 2011). It is for this reason that attracting and retaining such teachers should be school administrators’ top priorities. The goal of this work is to provide a universal meaning for the concept of principal support for teachers, identify the attributes a supportive building principal should possess, and develop professional training formats that serve to increase the effectiveness of principals as they realize their power over teacher retention
Necessary Existent Theology
Get PDFA meta-theology makes claims about the structure of theological claims: it identifies a single, fundamental claim about God, and shows how other theological claims are derivable from the fundamental claim. In his book Depicting Deity and other articles, Jon Kvanvig has identified three distinct meta-theologies: Creator Theology, Perfect Being Theology, and Worship-worthiness Theology. In this article, we argue that the medieval Islamic philosopher Avicenna\u27s views about God have the structure of a meta-theology, and that it is distinct from the three projects Kvanvig identifies. This view is Necessary Existent Theology