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Bias stress induced threshold voltage shift in buckled thin film transistors
No full textThreshold voltage shift under bias stress is a significant instability mechanism in TFT based analog circuits. Here we study the impact of substrate curvature, due to buckling, on the threshold voltage shift in TFTs. The buckled structure is realized by texturing the gate metal layer in the form of periodic striations oriented along different directions. Preliminary studies under constant gate and drain bias indicate that the buckled TFTs suffer from a higher shift compared to planar devices. It is also observed that the angle of orientation of buckling influences the threshold voltage shift. It has been proposed that the observed trends in the experimental data are due to the vital role played by the contact resistance in buckled devices
An experimental study on performance of jute-polyester composite tubes under axial and transverse impact loading
No full textThe efficacy of woven jute-polyester (JP) composite tubes as structural energy-absorbing countermeasures has been explored in the current study. In this connection, the behaviors of 3-ply and 4-ply JP composite tubes of square and double-hat shaped sections subjected to axial quasi-static and impact loads are considered, and compared with 4-ply glass-polyester (GP) tubes of similar geometric configurations. Initially, basic mechanical characterization of JP laminates is carried out using a Universal Testing Machine, which is followed up with axial quasi-static and drop-weight impact testing of JP tubes, along with similar tests carried out on GP tubes. A thorough comparison is made between the performances including failure patterns of JP and GP components under axial loading using metrics such as peak load, mean crush load, absorbed energy, and specific energy absorption (SEA). As many structural applications involve dynamic bending loads, a comparative study is carried out between double-hat JP and GP components subjected to transverse impact loading. Based on the competitive values of mean load and SEA yielded by jute-composite tubes in the present study for axial impact loading, and high mean load and moderate energy absorption till failure recorded by similar components under three-point impact bending, it can be concluded that JP tubes can be capable of supporting impact loads under both axial and bending modes
Measurement of electroweak WZ boson production and search for new physics in WZ plus two jets events in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV
No full textA measurement of WZ electroweak (EW) vector boson scattering is presented. The measurement is performed in the leptonic decay modes WZ -> l nu l'l', where l, l' = e, mu. The analysis is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV at the LHC collected with the CMS detector and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1) . The WZ plus two jet production cross section is measured in fiducial regions with enhanced contributions from EW production and found to be consistent with standard model predictions. The EW WZ production in association with two jets is measured with an observed (expected) significance of 2.2 (2.5) standard deviations. Constraints on charged Higgs boson production and on anomalous quartic gauge couplings in terms of dimension-eight effective field theory operators are also presented
MITOCHONDRIAL DNA COPY NUMBER IN NEW ONSET AND RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA AND ITS EFFECT ON RADIATION RESISTANCE AND PATIENT SURVIVAL
No full textRecent evidence shows that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content is responsible for radiation resistance in various cancers, but not evaluated in glioblastoma(GBM).Hence,we studied the role of mtDNA content in GBM pathogenesis and treatment response
Continuous gravitational wave from magnetized white dwarfs and neutron stars: possible missions for LISA, DECIGO, BBO, ET detectors
No full textRecent detection of gravitational wave from nine black hole merger events and one neutron star merger event by LIGO and VIRGO shed a new light in the field of astrophysics. On the other hand, in the past decade, a few super-Chandrasekhar white dwarf candidates have been inferred through the peak luminosity of the light curves of a few peculiar Type Ia supernovae, though there is no direct detection of these objects so far. Similarly, a number of neutron stars with mass > 2 M-circle dot have also been observed. Continuous gravitational wave can be one of the alternate ways to detect these compact objects directly. It was already argued that magnetic field is one of the prominent physics to form super-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs and massive neutron stars. If such compact objects are rotating with certain angular frequency, then they can efficiently emit gravitational radiation, provided their magnetic field and rotation axes are not aligned, and these gravitational waves can be detected by some of the upcoming detectors, e.g. LISA, BBO, DECIGO, Einstein Telescope, etc. This will certainly be a direct detection of rotating magnetized white dwarfs as well as massive neutron stars
Role of spin mixing conductance in determining thermal spin pumping near the ferromagnetic phase transition in EuO1-x and La2NiMnO6
No full textWe present a comprehensive study of the temperature (T) dependence of the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect (LSSE) in Pt/EuO1-x and Pt/La2NiMnO6 (LNMO) hybrid structures across their Curie temperatures (T-c). Both systems host ferromagnetic interaction below T-c, and hence present optimal conditions for testing magnon spin current based theories against ferrimagnetic yttrium iron garnet. Notably, we observe an anomalous Nernst effect generated voltage in bare EuO1-x, however, we find LSSE predominates the thermal signals in the bilayers with Pt. The T dependence of the LSSE in small T range near T-c could be fitted to a power law of the form (T-c- T)(p). The derived critical exponent P was verified for different methods of LSSE representation and sample crystallinity. The results are explained based on the magnon-driven thermal spin pumping mechanism that relates the T dependence of LSSE to the spin mixing conductance (G(mix)) at the heavy metal/ferromagnet interface, which in turn is known to vary inaccordance with the square of the spontaneous magnetization (M-s). Additionally, the T dependence of the real part of G(mix) derived from spin Hall magnetoresistance measurements at different temperatures for the Pt/LNMO structure further establishes the interdependence
Application of kulkote temperature regulating phase change material on merino wool fiber and pashmina wool felt material
No full textHeat transfer and storage is one of the important thermal property that substantially varies due to the nature of scaled fibers coupled with layering technique applied while designing a winter garment. The presence of scales is not evenly distributed in size and numbers over the fiber surface resulting in uneven heat flow or trapping heat released from the body. In this study the SEM images of fibers are used to characterize scale configurations, geometry, dimensions, orientation and shape of scales of merino wool, pashmina and angora fibers. However, to improve the heat retention and lower the heat flow from the fibers, kulkote phase change material is applied by spray method on the fiber felts and evaluated for its thermal properties using DSC thermograms. DSC thermograms shows the thermal behaviour of fibers before and after treating with phase change material, hence justifying the effectiveness in controlling flow of heat resulting in construction of superior winter wear products
Translation initiation in mammalian mitochondria- a prokaryotic perspective
No full textATP is generated in mitochondria of eukaryotic cells by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The OXPHOS complex, which is crucial for cellular metabolism, comprises of both nuclear and mitochondrially encoded subunits. Also, the occurrence of several pathologies because of mutations in the mitochondrial translation apparatus indicates the importance of mitochondrial translation and its regulation. The mitochondrial translation apparatus is similar to its prokaryotic counterpart due to a common origin of evolution. However, mitochondrial translation has diverged from prokaryotic translation in many ways by reductive evolution. In this review, we focus on mammalian mitochondrial translation initiation, a highly regulated step of translation, and present a comparison with prokaryotic translation
Zirconia toughened mica glass ceramics for dental restorations: Wear, thermal, optical and cytocompatibility properties
No full textBackground. In an effort to design novel zirconia reinforced mica glass ceramics for dental restorations, clinically relevant properties such as wear, coefficient of thermal expansion, optical transmittance, and cytocompatibility with human gingival fibroblast cell lines were investigated in the present study. Materials & Methods. Microstructure analysis of two body wear of heat treated mica glass ceramic ceramics (47.2 SiO2-16.7 Al2O3-9.5 K2O-14.5 MgO-8.5 B2O3-6.3 F wt.%) reinforced with 20 wt.% YSZ, were evaluated against a steatite antagonist in a chewing simulator following Willytec Munich method. In addition, Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), total transmittance, scattering coefficient and cytocompatibility on human gingival fibroblast cell lines were performed and compared to the commercially available dental ceramic systems. Results. The experimental mica glass ceramic demonstrate micro-ploughing, pull out and debris formation along the cutting surface, indicating abrasive wear mechanism. Thermal expansion of mica glass ceramic composite was recorded as 5 x 10(-6)/degrees C, which is lower than the thermal expansion of commercially available core and veneering ceramics. Further, significant differences of transmittance and scattering coefficient of mica glass ceramics with 20 wt.% YSZ with commercial dental ceramics was found and extensive fibroblast cell spreading with filopodial extension, cell-to-cell bridges and proliferation with human gingival fibroblast cell lines. Conclusion. With acceptable cytocompatibility with human gingival fibroblast cells and better wear properties with respect to commercial IPS emax Press, the mica glass ceramic composites (47.2 SiO2-16.7 Al2O3-9.5 K2O-14.5 MgO-8.5 B2O3-6.3 F wt.%) with 20 wt.% YSZ have the potential for dental restorative applications as machinable veneering ceramics
How far do Asian forest hornbills disperse seeds?
No full textBiotic seed dispersal of plants is a complex phenomenon that is influenced by multiple seed disperser species with implications for plant fitness and range expansions. While inter-species variation has been well-studied, the importance of incorporating intraspecific variation in seed dispersal is increasingly being acknowledged. We compared seed dispersal patterns of breeding and non-breeding great hornbills Buceros bicornis and a breeding wreathed hornbill Rhyticeros undulatus by combining data on fruiting tree visitations, gut passage time and movement data from tagged hornbills. Seed dispersal probability at nest trees (by breeding males) was low ( < 12%) suggesting that males scatter-disperse seeds, unlike breeding females that deposit seeds below nest trees. Median seed dispersal distance of great hornbills was 294 m and 254 m in the breeding and non-breeding season respectively, and, the distribution tail was shorter for breeding birds (2.5 kin) than non-breeding birds (13 km). The median and maximum seed dispersal distance by the wreathed hornbill was 1.35 km and 11 km respectively. This study highlights intraspecific variation in seed dispersal patterns across sexes and breeding and non-breeding male hombills and potential variation between two hornbill species. This is the first study that estimates long-distance seed dispersal by Asian hornbills