1025 research outputs found
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Impact of a Stuttering Disorder on How Individuals Are Perceived and Factors That Affect this Perception
Full text linkPrevious research has found that people hold stereotypes towards people who stutter, assuming they have lower self-esteem and poorer social adjustment. However, those studies typically explicitly stated that a target has a stutter disorder, which may have produced a priming effect. The current study investigated whether similar stereotypes would be seen if stuttering was implied with a written transcript, and whether empathy might improve participants\u27 ratings of a stuttering target. Participants read an interview transcript manipulating target gender and whether the target stuttered, then rated the target on 9 traits used in previous research. Targets with a stutter were rated lower in self-esteem, decisiveness, and social adjustment, and higher in stress. Contrary to prediction, participants scoring higher on empathy rated stuttering targets less favorably on self-esteem and social adjustment. One limitation of this study is that participants may have assumed that the target lacked speaking skills or was stressed, rather than having a stuttering disorder. Further research is needed to establish whether participants perceive a stuttering speaker as having a speech disorder or attribute stuttering to some other cause. This distinction would be important for people with speech difficulties, since it may affect the way they are perceived by others
The Effects of Coffee Extract on Adipogenesis
Full text linkThe prevalence of obesity in the United States has increased from 30.5% in 1999 to 42.4% in 2018. Fat cells are created through a process called adipogenesis; in adipogenesis, a preadipocyte, which is an undifferentiated fibroblast, is differentiated into an adipocyte, which is a mature fat cell. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) are two transcription factors that play crucial roles in the process of adipogenesis. Prior research has shown that coffee extract can inhibit the adipogenesis pathway and decrease the number of adipocytes formed in mice. Previous studies have also published conflicting results concerning whether caffeine is the compound in the coffee responsible for the inhibition of adipogenesis. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes are embryonic fibroblasts derived from mice and are used as a model system to study adipogenesis in vitro. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated into adipocytes using MDI induction media (IBMX, dexamethasone, and insulin), insulin media, and 10% FBS/DMEM. To determine the role of coffee on adipogenesis, 5% Starbucks Pike Place Roast caffeinated, or decaffeinated coffee extract were added during each differentiation step. Oil Red O staining was used to quantify the levels of adipogenesis in each of the treatments. Treatments with the coffee extracts inhibited the rate of adipogenesis compared to cells treated with the normal differentiation, indicating while caffeine had no effect, some compounds in the coffee extract inhibited adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. By learning more about the process of adipogenesis, we may better understand causes of and develop treatments for obesity
Groundwater-Ephemeral Stream Interaction Before and After Storm Events
Full text linkAlmost 60 percent of stream miles in the continental United States only flow seasonally or after storms according to a study done by the EPA in 2013. Although these streams make up a vast majority of stream miles throughout the United States, seasonal and ephemeral stream channels are not often regularly monitored. This study will focus on analyzing the hydrology of an unnamed, underrepresented ephemeral stream within Snyder County, Pennsylvania. This stream runs through Susquehanna University’s CEER site and drains into Penn Creek. The objective of this study is to accurately represent the stream’s groundwater recharge rate by monitoring two observation wells within the same aquifer, while also monitoring the change in water level before and after precipitation events. This study will provide the first hydrological report for this stream and deliver important information about ephemeral stream systems in wetter regions of the continental United States
Humor in Education: Valuing the Invaluable
Full text linkHumor in education has long been deemed an added, but unnecessary bonus. Humor isn’t a topic broached in preservice classrooms and is even generally left out of conversations about setting an environment or tone for a classroom critical skills for a teacher. In the face of this limited position, students overwhelmingly prefer teachers who know how to use humor, professionals who incorporate humor in their work are found to be more psychologically healthy and happy, and humor has proven an effective interaction strategy for peers and students. Throughout my time student teaching in preschool and second grade, I investigated humor’s influence through journaling/mood tracking, student reactions, content absorption, and peer interviews. Throughout these studies, I found humor to have a significant impact on my mental health and positivity a s well as create a positive environment for my students that better fostered learning. For this reason, I think humor should be taught explicitly in preservice classrooms so teachers can strategically and appropriately integrate humor into their future classrooms
Why Good People Do Bad Things At Work
No full text[...]the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) requires that external auditors assess a company\u27s tone at the top as part of its audit of the organization\u27s internal control over financial reporting. In 2019, PPG Industries, Inc., a global supplier of paints and specialty coatings and materials, reached a settlement with the U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC) over charges that it intentionally manipulated its financial accounting multiple times to improve reported performance. Both of these examples point to the importance of practicing management accountants and other financial professionals, companies, auditors, and regulators focusing on the tune in the middle and the tone at the top when assessing the likelihood of unethical behavior. According to this theory, individuals faced with an ethical dilemma where they need to choose whether to gain a benefit by behaving unethically or to maintain a positive self-image by doing the right thing will find a balance between these two competing motivations
Mobilize for Franchise: The Quest for African American Women’s Suffrage with the Creation of African American Organizations from the 1910s to the 19th Amendment
Full text linkThe presentation is about the mobilization of African American women during the Women\u27s suffrage movement and how they mobilized their community to seek the right to vote despite the racially motivated obstacles against them
Are BMPs Effective? Evaluating Best Management Practices by Tracking Fish Population
No full textBest Management Practices (BMP\u27s) are techniques that can be implemented on farms, pastures, and streambanks to decrease the sediment and agricultural chemical pollution that enters waterways. While we know BMPs are generally effective, we would like to know which techniques are most effective for increasing fish populations in agriculture-impaired streams. In our analysis, 26 reference or active stream restoration sites were selected from Centre, Union, Northumberland, and Montour Counties in Central Pennsylvania. BMPs along a 100-m reach were mapped to catalog the type and abundance of techniques implemented or their natural counterparts. Fish populations were determined by electrofishing and identifying the species of each captured fish. The data was used in multivariate statistics and redundancy analysis (RDA) in the vegan R package to determine trends in fish assemblage response to BMPs abundance. We saw a general increase in fish populations after the implementation of in-stream BMPs (log vanes and mud sills), although this increase was temporary. By the end of our research, along with showing the effectiveness of the implemented BMPs, we hope to come up with a more standardized way to collect and format BMP impacts
Understanding Others: How Cultural Awareness Affects Teaching Practices
Full text linkThere are many factors that can affect a teacher’s classroom practices. The increase in awareness of diversity in classrooms, in recent years, has brought up the importance of assessing teachers’ level of cultural understanding. In this paper, the effect of cultural awareness on a student teacher’s classroom practices in a third grade general education classroom and a learning support classroom. The data for this self-study was conduct by analyzing daily journal entries that chronicled how teaching practices were impacted by awareness of the cultural diversity in the classroom. Four codes were used to organize the data taken from the journal entries. The four codes that were used were the use of visuals, use of gestures, use of native language, and understanding of others’ cultures. These four codes describe how a teacher’s classroom practices were affected by their own understanding of their students’ cultural identities