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Emotional Intelligence, Coping Strategies, and Attachment Style in College Students
Get PDFThis study investigated the relationships between emotional intelligence, coping strategies, and attachment style in college students. Measures used included the Emotional Intelligence Scale, The COPE Inventory, and the Revised Adult Attachment Scale – Close Relationship Version. There were three hypotheses: (a) that there will be positive correlations between emotional intelligence and positive coping strategies, (b) that emotional intelligence will be negatively correlated with negative coping strategies, and (c) that that there will be a positive correlation between secure or close attachment style, level of emotional intelligence, and positive coping strategies. Results supported the hypotheses, yielding significant positive correlations between emotional intelligence and positive coping strategies, negative correlations of emotional intelligence with negative coping strategies, and positive correlations of secure attachment style with level of emotional intelligence and positive coping strategies. One potential implication of these findings is that interventions intended to develop emotional intelligence may promote healthier and more positive coping strategies as well. Given that the present study is correlational, this causal link must be established with further research
Chemosensory and temperature-based Prey Discrimination in Ball Pythons
Get PDFBall pythons (Python regius), like other snakes in the Boidae family, use heat-sensitive pit organs and odor-sensitive Jacobson’s organ (vomernasal organ) to detect prey. The discrimination sensitivity and interaction of these organs to influence prey detection and choice however have been poorly tested. We performed a series of two-choice experiments to determine ball python preference for specific odors and/or biologically-relevant thermal stimuli. We tested the following pairs of stimuli: 1) rat odor vs. water, 2) anterior vs posterior odors of a rat, 3) rat (familiar) vs rabbit (unfamiliar) odor, 4) rat vs orange peel odor, 5) odor from a large vs small rat, 6) thawed frozen rat vs live rat, 7) heat vs. rat odor, 8) heat & rat vs heat alone, 9) heat & rat vs rat odor alone. We used the number of tongue flicks (TFF) and time near the stimulus as measures of preference. We found that ball pythons significantly prefer rat odors to water controls and odors from the anterior over the posterior of a rat but showed no significant preference for odors from live vs thawed rats, small vs large rats, or rats vs. rabbits. Orange peels served as a strong repellent and inhibited attraction to rat odorants. Heat and rat odors were equally attractive to the snakes but heat and rat odor combined was much more attractive than heat alone or rat odor alone. Collectively our results indicate that pythons use heat and odor cues to a similar degree in detecting prey from a distance and they are able to discriminate not just between the presence or absence of prey, but are also likely to perceive differences in prey body orientation as well. This may be an important ability for effectively attacking and subduing prey. Pythons did not exhibit evidence of feeding neophobia, or avoidance of unfamiliar prey odors suggesting that they would quickly adapt to novel prey types
Effects of Chronic Exposure to the Herbicide, Mesotrione, on Spiders
Get PDFMesotrione is a widely used agricultural herbicide and is frequently used alone or as an adjuvant for the herbicides glyphosate and atrazine. The effects of mesotrione are largely untested on beneficial non-target species such as spiders. Different spider species may be differentially susceptible due to size differences, microhabitat, and levels of exposure to this herbicide via soil contact. We tested mortality differences of seven species of spider when exposed to field-relevant concentrations of mesotrione-treated soil over a 55-day period. We tested the web-building spiders Frontinella pyramitela and Tetragnatha laboriosa. We also tested the stem and leaf-dwelling ambush spiders Mecaphesa asperata and Pisaurina mira and three species of ground-dwelling wolf spiders that vary in their burrowing propensities: Hogna lenta (infrequent burrower), Tigrosa helluo (facultative burrower) and a habitually burrowing wolf spider Trochosa ruricola. All seven of these species commonly occur in mesotrione-treated agricultural systems. We found that the web-building spider Frontinella but not Tetragnatha showed increased mortality compared to control treatments. Mecaphesa, Pisaurina, Trochosa, and Tigrosa all showed large significant increases in mortality under chronic exposure to mesotrione-treated soil whereas the wolf spider Hogna lenta was unaffected. We also found sex-specific mortality effects in Pisaurina with males having higher mortality. Several species showed significant shifts in space use when exposed to mesotrione and we found significant interaction between spider weight gain and herbicide treatment. In general, mesotrione is an unsafe herbicide for some species of spiders. Alternative herbicides to mesotrione should be considered to minimize the negative biocontrol impact on beneficial spiders within integrated pest management systems
The Effects of Immigration on Developed Countries
Get PDFThe development of many nations came about through the act of people migrating from one area to another and thus has been crucial to the formation of countries worldwide. Immigration policies are enacted to regulate who enters the country in efforts to keep economic stability and national security. In various periods throughout time, views and policies on immigration have shifted from more relaxed and accepting of immigrants to firmer and less accepting of immigrants. It is widely acknowledged that during times of economic prosperity and less world conflict, immigration policies tend to be more relaxed, and the opposite holds true in times of greater tension and greater economic struggle. In the past couple decades, we have seen the topic of immigration in the middle of controversial statements and have heard opposing arguments on the effects immigration can have on an economy. States vary on how strict the policies are and their overall requirements for admittance. Likewise, it is also important to note that states also vary on their main pull factors, affecting the number of immigrants who desire to enter said country. For this research, I will be looking at the relationship between a country’s migrant stock, labor force, population growth rate, trade as a percentage of GDP and unemployment in regard to their effects on a country’s gross domestic product (GDP per capita). Specifically, the study looks at developed economies such as the United States, Japan, Canada, Spain, and China during the early 1990\u27s to present in order to study how immigration has impact the countries\u27 labor market and economic development. Overall, this study found that an increase in immigration ultimately leads to an increase in gross domestic product per capita and have little to no effect on unemployment rates
The Effect of Exercise on Decision-Making and Problem-Solving
No full textPhysical fitness and healthy living have become an essential part of everyday life. One effect of physical activity that has become of interest to researchers is its effects on cognitive processing. Prior research has found that physical exercise can improve creative thinking (Colzato, et al., 2013), memory (Barenberg et al., 2011), and the ability to ignore distracting information (Pontifex, Hillmann & Fernal, 2009). The present study examines the effects of exercise on decision-making and problem-solving. Participants were randomly assigned to complete two cognitive tasks (the Wason Selection Task and the Asian Disease Problem) either before or after 15 minutes of exercise. We hypothesize that a higher percentage of the post-exercise group will select the risk-taking alternative on the Asian Disease Problem, and a higher percentage of the post-exercise group will score correctly on the Wason Selection Task
Effects of Self-Esteem and Guardian’s Parenting Style(s) on Future Parenting Styles
No full textThis study examined the correlations between an individual\u27s guardian\u27s parenting style, the individual\u27s self esteem, and the individual\u27s future parenting style. Parenting styles were categorized according to Baumrind\u27s three parenting styles: authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive (1966). The Parental Authority Questionnaire was used to determine both past and future parenting styles, and the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale was used to determine self-esteem levels. As of the writing of this abstract, the results of our study have not been analyzed. More information will be available closer to the date of Senior Scholars
Effect of species-specific microbial communities on lima bean defense following simulated herbivory
No full textLima bean EFN number and nectar produced have been found to increase upon induced damage. We were interested in the net effect of the soil microbial community on the expression of EFNs. We planted lima bean in lima bean-cultivated soil and tomato-cultivated soil. Half of each soil type was sterilized to examine whether the microbial community has a net positive or negative effect on EFN production, and whether that effect was species-specific. A subset of plants in each soil type was subjected to simulated herbivory to see if expression of induced defenses was affected by soil microbes. We found that damage had no effect on the expression of EFNs. However, sterilization significantly increased EFN number in lima bean-cultivated soil, suggesting that the costs of species-specific soil pathogens outweighed the benefits of mutualists. This interaction was lost the following week, when we found no significant interaction
Synthesis, structure and electrochemical properties of nickel(II) compounds bearing a chiral, amino-acid derived phosphine ligand
No full textSynthesis, structure and electrochemical properties of nickel(II) compounds bearing a chiral, N,N-bis(diphenylphosphino)valine ethyl ester (bdppval) ligand were investigated. Coordination of bdppval to NiII(X= Cl–, NO3–, BF4–) was achieved in warm acetonitrile forming 1:1, square planar (bddpval)NiX2 (X= Cl–, NO3–) complexes and 2:1 [(bddpval)2Ni][BF4]2 complex as determined by 1H-NMR, 31P-NMR and small-molecule X–ray diffraction. 1H-NMR spectra indicated a rigid bdppval ligand with diastereotopic protons from both the methylene in the ethyl ester and the methyl groups of the isopropyl substituent consistent with metal binding. 31P-NMR exhibits a single resonance at 51 ppm for all complexes suggesting that the identity of the X– ligand has minimal effect on the phosphorus magnetic environment. Cyclic voltammetry showed an irreversible, metal-based reduction for the (bddpval)NiCl2 complex at -1.57 V vs. Fc/Fc+ and lack of any oxidizing potentials indicated that metal binding suppresses phosphorus oxidation of the bisphosphine ligand
How My Code of Ethics Impacted My Student Teaching Experience
No full textI conducted a self-study to analyze how my code of ethics played a part in my decisions and actions while student teaching. I took a closer look at the three ethical categories that my cooperating school district instills in the minds of their students starting at an early age and how I could hold myself to the same standard. Additionally, I analyzed how my educational background has impacted my interactions with both faculty and students within the classroom
Laboratory Exercises for Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
No full textI report on the results of my work setting up laboratory exercises to illustrate fundamental principles of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics such as adiabatic expansion, Boyle\u27s law, Charles’ law, and thermal conductivity. Students were required to perform the listed experiments and keep a lab notebook to record data and report their results at the end of the labs. A pretest was administered at the beginning of this process and student gains were evaluated by a posttest. Additionally, a student survey was conducted on the last day to determine student satisfaction and confidence in the material learned