NUI Maynooth Eprint Archive
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How can we research social movements? An introduction
No full textThis introductory chapter is written for beginning researchers, whether in movements or universities, for people from non-traditional academic backgrounds and non-native English speakers. We share some of our own complicated and messy routes to movement research. We also explain why researching social movements matters, and how it can genuinely help movements. This is the first methods handbook for movement researchers that takes a genuinely global perspective, rather than focussing on researchers and movements in the global North. Understanding movements means not being restricted to knowing about one movement or one academic discipline. The chapter introduces the book’s themes - the methodologies and politics of knowledge of movement research; different methods of data collection/analysis; and the uses of research for movements - followed by a chapter-by-chapter overview, highlighting the specific movements studied. The chapter concludes with reflections on the future of social movements research and a call for solidarity
Peripheral Creator Cultures in India, Ireland, and Turkey
No full textDrawing on Indian, Irish, and Turkish YouTube creators’ perceptions of their work, this article focuses on peripheral creator work cultures to broaden the understanding of creator labor precarity. We situate creator labor within not only the platform architectures but also within the geographical specificities of media production, distribution, and consumption. In doing so, we demonstrate that peripheral creators face distinctive struggles for visibility and survival in screen industries that emerge from their heterogeneous sociocultural and linguistic contexts. Based on the interviews with creators and streaming service executives conducted between 2017 and 2023, the findings reveal that creators’ choice of language and place of practice distinctly affects their global reach, visibility, and their ability to sustain a career in screen industries
Biobank donation in search of public benefits and the potential impact of intellectual property rights over access to health-technologies developed: A focus on the bioethical implications
No full textThe availability of biomaterials is a key component of health research and the development of new health-technologies (including, diagnostics, medicines, and vaccines). People are often encouraged by biobanks to donate samples altruistically to such biobanks. While empirical evidence suggests many donors are motivated by the desire to contribute towards developing new health-technologies for society. However, a tension can arise as health-technologies whose development is contributed to by donors’ biomaterials will often be protected by intellectual property rights (IPRs), including patents. Patents give rightsholders control over how patented technologies are used and can be used in a way that impedes public access to technologies developed. Yet, there are no binding European legal obligations mandating disclosure to donors of how IPRs can operate over downstream health-technologies and how they could impact access to health-technologies developed, nor are there legally binding obligations to ensure public accessibility of technologies developed. Focusing on the bioethical implications posed, this article argues that the current situation can impact donors’ autonomy and dignity interests. A more holistic approach is needed for biobank donation, which embeds a consideration of donors’ expectations/interests from the point of donation through to how such samples are used and how health-technologies developed are accessed. We put forward avenues that seek to address such issues
Chief executive officer’s dark triad personality and firm's degree of internationalization: The mediating role of ambidexterity
No full textThis study empirically examines the relationships among CEOs’ dark triad personality (narcissism, psychopathy,
and Machiavellianism), ambidexterity, and firms’ internationalization behavior. Dark triad personality traits
have attracted growing attention in the fields of psychology and organizational behavior due to their influence
on individual decision-making, particularly by individuals in executive leadership roles. We extend research on
dark triad personality to international business (IB) and examine the link between IB decision-makers’ personality traits and firms’ IB outcomes. Our research highlights the complex dynamics shaping firm internationalization, with both the CEO’s dark triad personality and ambidexterity playing significant roles in driving firm
internationalization outcomes. An analysis of 405 firms from the United Kingdom and the United States reveals
that ambidexterity partially mediates the relationship between dark triad personality and the degree of internationalization and that firms pursuing internationalization may benefit from CEOs with a dark triad personality
Associations between sleep problems in children with ADHD and parental insomnia and ADHD symptoms
No full textSleep problems are common in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Children’s sleep problem may influence, and be influenced by, parents’ sleep problems as well as parents’ ADHD symptoms. In the current study we examined the associations of parent-rated sleep quality and sleep timing of pre-adolescent children with parental insomnia symptoms, parental ADHD symptoms and dysfunctional attitudes and beliefs about sleep in a convenience sample recruited by advertisement (N = 120). Childhood sleep problems were common in the sample, with 82% of children exceeding the threshold for the presence of a paediatric sleep disorder. Children’s sleep quality showed minimal association with their sleep timing and chronotype. Parental insomnia symptoms, ADHD symptoms and dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep all associated with their children’s sleep quality, and with the sleep subdomains of sleep anxiety and parasomnias. In multiple regression analysis only parental insomnia score was a significant predictor of children’s sleep quality. Children’s bedtimes, wake times, sleep duration, chronotype or social jetlag did not associate with parents’ ADHD or insomnia symptoms. Sleep quality was significantly poorer in children whose parents scored as both consistent for adult ADHD and probable for insomnia disorder compared to parents who scored as either ADHD consistent or insomnia probable, or those who parents scored as neither. We discuss the putative nature of the relationships between sleep quality of children with ADHD and parental ADHD and insomnia symptoms, and suggest that clinicians consider parental sleep when attending to children with ADHD
Development and physical characteristics of the Irish shelf-edge Macnas Mounds, Porcupine Seabight, NE Atlantic
No full textModern cold-water corals (CWCs) occur in a wide range of water depths, with Desmophyllum pertusum being one of the most common species. Pleistocene, Holocene, and modern coral mound formation by living CWC reefs have previously been described in the Porcupine Seabight from water depths greater than 700 m in the vicinity of the transitional zone between the Eastern North Atlantic Water and Mediterranean Outflow Water. Here we document occurrence of fossil corals retrieved from two cores at 370 m depth in the Macnas Mounds, a relatively shallow occurrence for mounds on the Irish shelf-edge. Both cores feature D. pertusum restricted to the upper two metres, immediately overlying an erosive surface and a coeval major down-core change in grain size from sand to mud. Radiocarbon dating of coral specimens indicates the CWC mounds initiated 7.82 Cal ky BP. Our study unequivocally documents the existence of Holocene shelf-edge coral mounds in the eastern Porcupine Seabight and highlights the possibility of other occurrences of CWCs in similar settings elsewhere in the northeast Atlantic. Given that no living CWCs were encountered in the study area, we suggest that the area previously experienced more favourable conditions for CWC mound initiation and development along the shelf-edge margin, possibly due to differing conditions in the European Slope Current which flows northward along the continental slope from south of the Porcupine Bank to the Faroe-Shetland Channel. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.)
Stochastic Geometry-Based Trajectory Design for Multi-Purpose UAVs: Package and Data Delivery
No full textWith the advancements achieved in drones’ flexibility,
low cost, and high efficiency, they obtain huge application opportunities in various industries, such as aerial delivery and future
communication networks. However, the increasing transportation
needs and expansion of network capacity demands for UAVs will
cause aerial traffic conflicts in the future. To address this issue, in
this article, we explore the idea of multi-purpose UAVs, which act
as aerial wireless communication data relays and means of aerial
transportation simultaneously to deliver data and packages at the
same time. While UAVs deliver the packages from warehouses to
residential areas, we design their trajectories which enable them
to collect data from multiple Internet of Things (IoT) clusters and
forward the collected data to terrestrial base stations (TBSs). To
select the serving nearby IoT clusters, UAVs rank them based
on their priorities and distances. From the perspectives of data
and package delivery, respectively, we propose two algorithms that
design the optimal UAVs trajectory to maximize the transmitted
data or minimize the round trip time. Specifically, we use tools
from stochastic geometry to model the locations of IoT clusters
and TBSs. Given the nature of random locations, the proposed
algorithm applies to general cases. Our numerical results show
that multi-purpose UAVs are practical and have great potential to
enhance the energy/time-efficiency of future networks
The Beast from the East and drought of summer 2018: an example of compound event impacts upon Ireland's agricultural sector
No full textThe most noticeable and damaging manifestation of human-induced climate change is the increasing likelihood of certain extreme weather events. As defined in the IPCC sixth assessment report, compound extremes can lead to extreme impacts that are much larger than the sum of the impacts due to the occurrence of individual extremes alone. Of these compound weather events, events occurring in close succession have received the least attention to date. In this paper, we explore such a case study of successive events affecting the agricultural sector in Ireland arising from the winter storm of 2018, dubbed the ‘Beast from the East’, followed by the drought of summer 2018 which combined yielded a substantial reduction in agricultural productivity over 2018
Climate Change is Happening and Humans are Responsible
No full textWe know Earth is warming. Clear evidence of warming can be seen in observations of the atmosphere, oceans, ice, and living things. Computer simulations can tell us what the world would have looked like without increases in greenhouse gases and other human influences, and Earth would not have warmed up like we have seen. By comparing the changes scientists have observed to computer simulations of the climate including or excluding various potential causes, scientists can work out what or who is responsible for the climate changes. Again and again, it has been shown that these simulations can only explain observed climate changes when historic emissions of greenhouse gases, principally arising from burning coal, oil, and gas, are included. The best estimate is that all the warming we have observed since 1850–1900 is due to greenhouse gas emissions produced by human activities
Localised precarity in social media entertainment: YouTubing in Turkey
No full textThis article examines precarious working conditions for YouTube content creation in Turkey. Creator studies have extensively examined creator precarity within the context of platform architectures and the broader social media entertainment industries. Instead of applying this lens to YouTubing in Turkey to highlight shared precarity experiences of Turkish creators with other YouTube production cultures, I focus on localised precarity to examine how creator labour is made less stable by geographical context. Drawing on in-depth interviews with creators, the research findings demonstrate that there are multiple sources of precarity associated with localised YouTube revenues in an unstable national economy, restrictive internet governance at nation-state level, and culturally situated creator–audience relations