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Contributions to Celtiberian Etymology III. The Bronze of Novallas (Z.02.01)
No full textThis article makes etymological proposals for five words in the Celtiberian inscription
from Novallas (Z.02.01): the place name TERGAⱾ is connected with Western Indo-European
*tr̥go-/tergeh₂- ‘market’; DOIBIM is explained as a dative dual *dou̯ibim ‘to the two’; the gerund
DVNDOM ‘to give’ is tentatively analysed as *dh₃(u)-un-do-; MEDOM is compared with Old
Irish med ‘measure, balance’ and Welsh medd ‘authority’; and the fragmentary DERNV[ is
compared with words for ‘hand’ or ‘palm’ in other Celtic languages. It is suggested to transcribe
the new sibilant sign of Celtiberian with Ȿ (Unicode 2C7E)
A cryptic probatio pennae in the Seifín Duanaire (TCD MS H 4.22 (1363), XII)
No full textThis article provides an edition and translation of a probatio pennae of
four short lines length, found on a slip inserted in the so-called Seifín Duanaire.
This brief note is written in a deliberately obscure style. One line is written in
reverse to conceal an attack at a prominent political figure, Máel Mórdha. We
suggest identifications for Máel Mórdha and the scribe of the note, Fearghal Ó
Gabhann, both of which have connections to the region of Bréifne, and we make
proposals to the meaning of the last two lines that appear to add reflections by
Fearghal about his note
Gender stereotyping in mothers’ and teachers’ perceptions of boys’ and girls’ mathematics performance in Ireland
No full textParents' and teachers’ beliefs and evaluations of young people are important. Using a feminist institutionalist perspective, and drawing on rich data from one in seven nine-year-old children in Ireland, this paper examines mothers’ (who make up the overwhelming majority of primary care-givers) and teachers’perceptions of boys’ and girls’ mathematics performance. The evidence shows that girls’ mathematics performance is underestimated by both relative to boys’. Mother’s gender bias was evident among high performing children, at all levels of children’s academic self-concept, and among mothers with at least third level education. While the judgements reflect children’s
actual performance and engagement, a notable gender gap
remains. It is suggested that the results reflect gender stereotypes: overestimating boys’ and underestimating girls’ mathematics achievements. The article indicates the importance of the informal dimension of institutions and the part played by women in the effective devaluation of girls by endorsing gendered stereotypes. Women teachers are less likely to rate children highly in mathematics, taking account of performance: arguably reflecting their own lack of confidence in mathematics assessment. The findings raise concerns for girls’ futures since mathematics is seen as an indicator of intelligence. Given the move towards teacher-assessed grading during COVID-19, understanding, and challenging, gender-stereotyping is pressin
Latent heat must be visible in climate communications
No full textAnthropogenic forcing is driving energy accumulation in the Earth system, including increases in the sensible heat content of the atmosphere, as measured by dry-bulb temperature—the metric that is almost universally used for communications about climate change. The atmosphere is also moistening, though, representing an accumulation of latent heat, which is partly concealed by dry-bulb temperature trends. We highlight that, consistent with basic theory, latent heat gains are outpacing sensible heat gains over about half of the Earth's surface. The difference is largest in the tropics, where global “hotspots” of total heat accumulation are located, and where regional disparities in heating rates are very poorly represented by dry-bulb temperatures. Including latent heat in climate-change metrics captures this heat accumulation and therefore improves adaptation-relevant understanding of the extreme humid heat and precipitation hazards that threaten these latitudes so acutely. For example, irrigation can lower peak dry-bulb temperatures, but amplify latent heat content by a larger margin, intensifying dangerous heat stress. Based on a review of the research literature, our Perspective therefore calls for routine use of equivalent temperature, a measure that expresses the combined sensible and latent heat content of the atmosphere in the familiar units of °C or K. We recognize that dry-bulb air temperature must remain a key indicator of the atmospheric state, not least for the many sectors that are sensitive to sensible heat transfer. However, we assert here that more widespread use of equivalent temperature could improve process understanding, public messaging, and adaptation to climate change
Post-Disaster Communications: Enabling Technologies, Architectures, and Open Challenges
No full textThe number of disasters has increased over the past decade where these calamities significantly affect the functionality of communication networks. In the context of 6G, airborne and spaceborne
networks offer hope in disaster recovery to serve the underserved and to be resilient in calamities. Therefore,
our paper reviews the state-of-the-art literature on post-disaster wireless communication networks and provides insights for the future establishment of such networks. In particular, we first give an overview of
the works investigating the general procedures and strategies for facing any large-scale disaster. Then, we
present technological solutions for post-disaster communications, such as the recovery of the terrestrial
infrastructure, installing aerial networks, and using spaceborne networks. Afterwards, we shed light on the
technological aspects of post-disaster networks, primarily the physical and networking issues. We present
the literature on channel modeling, coverage and capacity, radio resource management, localization, and
energy efficiency in the physical layer part, and discuss the integrated space-air-ground architectures, routing, delay-tolerant/software-defined networks, and edge computing in the networking layer part. This paper
also includes interesting simulation results which can provide practical guidelines about the deployment
of ad hoc network architectures in emergency scenarios. Finally, we present several promising research
directions, namely backhauling, cache-enabled and intelligent reflective surface-enabled networks, placement optimization of aerial base stations (ABSs), and the mobility-related aspects that come into play
when deploying aerial networks, such as planning their trajectories and the consequent handovers (HOs)
Logistic versus linear regression-based reliable change index: A simulation study with implications for clinical studies with different sample sizes.
No full textThe linear regression-based reliable change index (RCI) is widely used to identify memory impairments through longitudinal assessment. However, the minimum sample size required for estimates to be reliable has never been specified. Using data from 920 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative data as true parameters, we run 12,000 simulations for samples of size 10-1,000 and analyzed the percentage of times the estimates are significant, their coverage rate, and the accuracy of the models including both the true-positive rate and the true-negative rate. We compared the linear RCI with a logistic RCI for discrete, bounded scores. We found that the logistic RCI is more accurate than the linear RCI overall, with the linear RCI approximating the logistic RCI for samples of size 200 or greater. We provide an R package to compute the logistic RCI, which can be downloaded from the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/LogisticRCI/, and the code to reproduce all results in this article at https://github.com/rafamoral/LogisticRCIpaper/. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Prevalence and predictors of ICD‐11 posttraumatic stress disorder and complex PTSD in young people
No full textObjective: The prevalence, construct validity, risk factors and psychopathological correlates associated with ICD-11 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (CPTSD) as measured by the International Trauma Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (ITQ-CA) were assessed in a sample of young people from Northern Ireland.
Method: Participants were trauma-exposed 11-19-year-olds (N = 507) who participated in the Northern Ireland Youth Wellbeing Prevalence Survey (YWS-NI, 2020). Factor mixture modelling (FMM) was used to test the latent structure of the ITQ-CA. Risk-factors and psychopathological correlates associated with latent class membership, and ICD-11diagnostic status, were also investigated.
Results: More participants met the ITQ-CA criteria for CPTSD (3.4%, n = 44) than PTSD (1.5%, n = 19). A second-order FMM comprising a 'partial-PTSD class', a 'CPTSD class', a 'DSO class' and a 'low symptom endorsement class' was the best-fitting model. Younger age and cumulative trauma were risk factors for all trauma classes. Female gender and two or more violent traumas were significant predictors of the 'PTSD' and 'CPTSD' classes, while single sexual trauma was a significant predictor of the 'DSO' and 'CPTSD' classes. Two or more sexual traumas was a unique predictor of 'CPTSD class', while two or more vicarious traumas was a unique predictor of 'DSO class'. The 'CPTSD' class displayed the most notable comorbidity.
Conclusions: Findings indicate that CPTSD may be more prevalent than PTSD in children and young people. Support for the ICD-11 conceptualisation of CPTSD as representing a unique diagnostic construct was supported using FMM, with findings indicating trauma symptom class-specific risk profiles
The psychological consequences of the Ukraine war: What we know, and what we have to learn
No full textThe abstract is included in the text
Prevalence, correlates, and the mitigation of ICD-11 CPTSD among homeless adults: The role of self-compassion
No full textBackground: In 2018, Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) was accepted into the
International Classification of Diseases, edition 11 (ICD-11) to capture symptoms associated with
exposure to chronic, inescapable trauma. Thereafter, the disorder's links with interpersonal
trauma have been established.
Objective: Within a sample of homeless adults in Ireland, the (1) prevalence of ICD-11 disorders
specifically associated with stress; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and CPTSD, (2) nature
of interpersonal trauma exposure, self-identified index events, and their association with the
diagnostic criteria of CPTSD, and (3) relationship between cumulative interpersonal trauma
exposure and CPTSD via self-compassion were examined.
Participants and setting: Adults using homeless services (N = 56) completed self-report measures of
socio-demographics, trauma-history, PSTD, CPTSD, and self-compassion.
Methods: The data were analysed using chi-squared and mediation analyses (via PROCESS).
Results: CPTSD was highly prevalent (33.9%) among the sample, but PTSD was not (3.6%).
Emotional neglect was the most prevalent interpersonal trauma and the most common index
event. Only lifetime sexual abuse (from someone other than a parent or guardian) was associated
with CPTSD diagnostic status (χ2 = 3.94, (1), p = .047). When adjusted for gender, relationship
status, and living situation, self-compassion mediated the relationship between cumulative
interpersonal trauma exposure and CPTSD severity (B = 1.30, SE = 0.50, 95% CI = [0.43–2.35]).
Conclusion: Findings support the relevance of CPTSD to understanding psychopathology in
homeless adults and the potential role of self-compassion in interventions. Further, they open
debate on the nature of events that are considered traumatic – subjectively and in psychiatric
canon