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The Impact of Social Emotional Learning and Trauma Informed Care on Teacher Well-Being and Capacity in the Classroom.
Get PDFEducators and students have encountered significant challenges, including illness and loss within their families due to events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Traumatic events, like disasters, can greatly disrupt a community\u27s functioning, resulting in widespread losses that surpass the community\u27s ability to cope. Trauma-informed care (TIC) acknowledges that individuals are likely to have a history of trauma and aims to respond appropriately to minimize the likelihood of further trauma. By implementing trauma-sensitive routines and promoting social-emotional learning (SEL) for both students and educators, we can offer them more opportunities for success and emotional growth. It\u27s important to recognize that educators\u27 well-being is closely connected to student motivation and achievement, teacher retention, and mental health. As the economy continues to improve, a potential wave of retiring teachers leaving the profession could occur. Each year, K-12 schools face the challenge of filling over 200,000 vacant teaching positions. The high demand for educators hinders educator preparation programs and schools from being highly discerning in their admissions and hiring processes. By exploring educators\u27 viewpoints on the effects of Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) and Trauma-Informed Care (TIC) on school climate, school leaders can better equip themselves to enhance the school system\u27s capabilities. This research sought to examine the impact of SEL and trauma-informed care on school culture, climate, and teacher retention in the post-pandemic era
In a Dance with Words: Dance Movement Psychotherapy and Ontological Inquiry
Get PDFThis article explores intersections between dance, psychotherapy, phenomenology, and ontology, addressing how both verbal and non-verbal language enact ways of being in the world. The main aim is to investigate potential contributions of ontological inquiry to the practice of dance psychotherapy, to thereby strengthen the therapeutic relationship. Drawing on her practical experience and theory building in dance and dance therapy, the author presents clinical vignettes from a session as a laboratory to elaborate an ontological-phenomenological model. She concludes by clearly advocating for further exploration of these intersections and argues these fields are mutually enriching and complementary
Pathological Fractures and the Perils of Purchasing Steroids Online
Get PDFExogenous steroids are a staple of modern medicine, with utility in a variety of direct and supplemental treatment modalities. However, all pharmaceuticals are undoubtedly coupled with unique side effect profiles, and steroids are no exception. In the case presented, the assessment and management of a 36-year-old male who inappropriately self-administered high-dose steroids for prolonged periods of time is reviewed. In doing so, attention is drawn to both the impact of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and the greater risk of online availability of these powerful medications
Digital, Social Micro-Interventions to Promote Physical Activity Among Midlife Adults With Elevated Cardiovascular Risk: An Ambulatory Feasibility Study With Momentary Randomization.
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Although regular physical activity (PA) mitigates the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) during midlife, existing PA interventions are minimally effective. Harnessing social influences in daily life shows promise: digital micro-interventions could effectively engage these influences on PA and require testing.
PURPOSE: This feasibility study employed ecological momentary assessment with embedded micro-randomization to activate two types of social influences (i.e., comparison, support; NCT04711512).
METHODS: Midlife adults (N = 30, MAge = 51, MBMI = 31.5 kg/m2, 43% racial/ethnic minority) with ≥1 CVD risk conditions completed four mobile surveys per day for 7 days while wearing PA monitors. After 3 days of observation, participants were randomized at each survey to receive 1 of 3 comparison micro-interventions (days 4-5) or 1 of 3 support micro-interventions (days 6-7). Outcomes were indicators of feasibility (e.g., completion rate), acceptability (e.g., narrative feedback), and potential micro-intervention effects (on motivation and steps within-person).
RESULTS: Feasibility and acceptability targets were met (e.g., 93% completion); ratings of micro-intervention helpfulness varied by intervention type and predicted PA motivation and behavior within-person (srs=0.16, 0.27). Participants liked the approach and were open to ongoing micro-intervention exposure. Within-person, PA motivation and behavior increased from baseline in response to specific micro-interventions (srs=0.23, 0.13), though responses were variable.
CONCLUSIONS: Experimental manipulation of social influences in daily life is feasible and acceptable to midlife adults and shows potential effects on PA motivation and behavior. Findings support larger-scale testing of this approach to inform a digital, socially focused PA intervention for midlife adults
Unveiling the risks of speeding behavior by investigating the dynamics of driver injury severity through advanced analytics.
Get PDFSingle-vehicle crashes, particularly those caused by speeding, result in a disproportionately high number of fatalities and serious injuries compared to other types of crashes involving passenger vehicles. This study aims to identify factors that contribute to driver injury severity in single-vehicle crashes using machine learning models and advanced econometric models, namely mixed logit with heterogeneity in means and variances. National Crash data from the Crash Report Sampling System (CRSS) managed by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) between 2016 and 2018 were utilized for this study. XGBoost and Random Forest models were employed to identify the most influential variables using SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanations), while a mixed logit model was utilized to model driver injury severity accounting for unobserved heterogeneity in the data collection process. The results revealed a complex interplay of various factors that contribute to driver injury severity in single-vehicle crashes. These factors included driver characteristics such as demographics (male and female drivers, age below 26 years and between 35 and 45 years), driver actions (reckless driving, driving under the influence), restraint usage (lap-shoulder belt usage and unbelted), roadway and traffic characteristics (non-interstate highways, undivided and divided roadways with positive barriers, curved roadways), environmental conditions (clear and daylight conditions), vehicle characteristics (motorcycles, displacement volumes up to 2500 cc and 5,000-10,000 cc, newer vehicles, Chevy and Ford vehicles), crash characteristics (rollover, run-off-road incidents, collisions with trees), temporal characteristics (midnight to 6 AM, 10 AM to 4 PM, 4th quarter of the analysis period: October to December, and the analysis year of 2017). The findings emphasize the significance of driving behavior and roadway design to speeding behavior. These aspects should be given high priority for driver training as well as the design and maintenance of roadways by relevant agencies
Psychosis and Personality Changes Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Get PDFPsychotic disorders following traumatic brain injury (TBI) are a significant concern in psychiatry, with chronic sequelae often overlooked. The pathophysiology of post-TBI psychosis involves neuroplasticity and neuronal remodeling, potentially exacerbating vulnerabilities to chronic psychotic disorders. Differentiating post-TBI psychosis from primary schizophrenia and other psychotic conditions is crucial for appropriate treatment. This case report discusses a 63-year-old male with a history of TBI from a gunshot wound sustained in adolescence, who later developed schizophrenia. The report explores the patient\u27s psychiatric symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, personality changes, and imaging findings. The report examined the complex relationship between TBI and psychotic symptoms, considering genetic, neurobiological, and psychosocial factors. The potential for TBI to increase the risk of psychotic conditions, especially in genetically predisposed individuals, was discussed. The challenges in establishing a direct causal link between TBI and schizophrenia were addressed
A Growth Mindset Scale for Young Children (GM-C): Development and validation among children from the United States and South Africa.
Get PDFBeliefs about the malleability of intellectual ability-mindsets-shape achievement. Recent evidence suggests that even young children hold such mindsets; yet, no reliable and valid instruments exist for measuring individual differences in young children\u27s mindsets. Given the potential relevance of mindsets to children\u27s achievement-related behavior and learning, we developed and tested the psychometric properties of the Growth Mindset Scale for Children (GM-C). Among other psychometric properties, we assessed this instrument\u27s (a) factor structure, (b) measurement invariance, (c) internal consistency, (d) temporal stability (test-retest reliability), (e) concurrent validity, and (f) cross-cultural robustness in samples of US children (Study 1; N = 220; ages 4 through 6; 50% girls; 39% White) and South African children (Study 2; predominantly grades 4 and 5; N = 331; 54% girls; 100% non-White). The GM-C scale exhibited four factors, representing beliefs about the instability of low ability, the malleability of low ability, the instability of high ability, and the malleability of high ability. The GM-C scale also demonstrated invariance across age, acceptable internal consistency (αs between .70 to .90), and moderate temporal stability over approximately one month (rs between .38 to .72). Concurrent validity was supported by significant relations between children\u27s scores on the subscales about low ability and their goal orientations (Studies 1 and 2), challenge-seeking behavior, and achievement in math and English (Study 2). These findings suggest that the GM-C scale is a promising tool for measuring mindsets in young children. We offer practical recommendations for using this new scale and discuss theoretical implications
Community College Faculty Use of Universal Design for Learning (UDL): A Participatory Action Research Dissertation Study
Get PDFThis participatory action research (PAR) dissertation study investigates the implementation of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles by community college faculty in first-year writing courses to support students with learning disabilities at a New Jersey community college. Through a collaborative approach involving faculty as active participants, the study explores how UDL guidelines are integrated into writing assignments for ENG 101 and ENG 102. Through iterative cycles of planning, action, observation, and reflection, the research explores how faculty implement UDL guidelines to enhance accessibility and inclusivity in their writing assignments. Data collection methods include focus group interviews, document analysis, and the researcher’s reflective journals to capture faculty perspectives, challenges encountered, and adaptations made in implementing UDL. The study aims to generate actionable insights into effective UDL implementation strategies that enhance accessibility and inclusivity in first-year writing courses. Findings contribute to the broader discourse on inclusive education in community colleges, offering practical recommendations for faculty professional development, institutional policy development, and support services alignment to better meet the diverse needs of students with learning disabilities. Ultimately, this research seeks to empower faculty with knowledge and tools to create equitable learning environments that foster academic success for all students
Analyzing the Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Parkinson’s Disease Related Gait Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Get PDFBackground: Those suffering from Parkinson’s Disease often experience a shuffling gait, alongside many other symptoms, due to the degradation of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) operates by non-invasively applying an electrical current to the cutaneous receptive field formed by the auricular branch of the vagus nerve in the outer ear. We sought to determine if taVNS would serve as a non-invasive alternative to addressing Parkinson’s related gait dysfunction.
Purpose: This systematic review and meta-analysis analyzes the effectiveness of taVNS on the reduction of gait dysfunction caused by Parkinson’s Disease.
Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis followed the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Five online databases were screened (Embase, Cochrane, Web Of Science, Scopus, PubMed) for studies that included pre-treatment and post-treatment data of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), gait speed, sway length, and stride length. After our screening process, 2 double-blinded randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the analysis. The meta-analysis was conducted using SPSS.
Results: After treatment with taVNS, there was a low, but clinically significant increase in walk speed (Cohen’s d = 0.34) and in stride length (Cohen’s d = 0.20). All other variables did not yield significant changes.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that taVNS is only partially effective in improving gait dysfunction related to Parkinson’s Disease, with slight increases in walk speed and stride length. However, with a sample size of only 20 patients, future RCTs with larger sample sizes are needed in order to truly solidify the yielded results. Additionally, further RCTs examining taVNS on gait dysfunction with a placebo group compared to an experimental group would be beneficial in analyzing the effectiveness of such a treatment modality