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Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Autism Spectrum Disorder Population
Get PDFThe population of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have multiple risks and barriers that may make access to proper health care more difficult. After extensive research, some of these barriers may have been identified that pose greater risks to generating proper care for those with ASD. Some of these barriers include medical complexity, more sedentary lifestyles, poor food choices, as well as health comorbities. Some of these health comorbidities include hypertension, metabolic dysfunction, sleep apnea, and inflammation. This study aims to understand what barriers and risks for CVD are present in those with ASD
The Use of GLP-1 Agonists in Alcohol Use Disorder and Reducing Alcohol Consumption: A Scoping Review
Get PDFAlcohol use disorder (AUD) reigns as one of the most pressing issues in the United States with high rates of complications, morbidity, and mortality. Recent studies have exhibited the potential for Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists to decrease alcohol cravings or alcohol-related adverse events through human and animal studies via reward and satiety signaling pathways. To investigate the ability of GLP-1 agonists to decrease alcohol use, alcohol cravings, and alcohol-related adverse events, this study conducted a scoping review of the current literature to uncover the potential benefit of GLP-1 agonists in patients with AUD. A systematic search across 6 databases was conducted analyzing studies for Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores, number of alcoholic drinks consumed, and reported adverse events. Results demonstrated the ability of GLP-1 agonists to decrease alcohol use, particularly in obese patients, through nationwide surveys and clinical trials. Additionally, GLP-1 agonists demonstrated effectiveness in preventing alcohol-related adverse events after 3-6 months of treatment, but not long-term. The current data suggests GLP-1s as a potential treatment option or additive for patients with AUD. Higher-quality, large-scale controlled studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of GLP-1 agonists in treating AUD
Case Report: An Unexpected Case of Spinal Cord Infarction
Get PDFWe report a case of an 89-year-old male who presented to the emergency department with acute bilateral lower extremity weakness after physical exertion. His clinical examination revealed paraplegia, and imaging studies suggested spinal cord infarction (SCI) secondary to presumed atherosclerotic embolism, despite the absence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. The differential diagnosis for acute paraplegia in the elderly is broad, including conditions like stroke, spinal cord compression, transverse myelitis, and tick paralysis. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of SCI, particularly when the patient lacks overt risk factors for vascular disease. Despite aggressive management, including permissive hypertension and anticoagulation, the patient remained permanently paraplegic, underscoring the severity of SCI and the importance of early recognition and appropriate care in optimizing outcomes
Understanding the Perceptions of Campus Racial Climate of Black Undergraduate Students at a PWI
Get PDFThe study explores the perceptions of Black undergraduate students regarding the racial climate at a predominantly white institution (PWI). Utilizing quantitative methodologies, the research examines how Black students experience and interpret interactions, institutional policies, and campus culture as they navigate spaces often characterized by racial homogeneity. Key areas of focus include feelings of belonging, exposure to microaggressions, access to culturally relevant resources, and the role of peer and faculty support in shaping these experiences. Findings reveal a complex interplay of support and alienation, with participants reporting both affirming and discriminatory experiences. Many students highlighted the significance of student-led cultural organizations and diversity initiatives in fostering a sense of inclusion yet expressed concerns about the limited representation of Black faculty and staff and the persistence of implicit biases among peers and instructors. These insights underscore the need for PWIs to develop proactive strategies aimed at creating an equitable and inclusive campus environment for all students. By centering the voices of Black undergraduates, this study contributes to the broader discourse on equity in higher education and offers actionable recommendations for improving the racial climate at PWIs
SE QUEMA: Burnout In Undergraduate Latiné Students
No full textOver the past five years, Latiné students have contributed most of the nation’s increase in college degrees earned. But even with more people enrolling in college, undergraduate retention remains a concern, raising critical questions about equity in higher education (The Pell Institute, 2023). This thesis examines burnout among Latiné undergraduates, who face financial strain, familial responsibilities, and lack of representation in resources, contributing to their underrepresentation in graduation rates. The study emphasizes the need to understand and address these stressors to support the success of Latiné students, who are under-represented in graduation rates compared to their counterparts (Excelencia in Education, 2020). Using qualitative research, this study explores the experiences of Latiné students at Rowan University, where they comprise twelve percent of the student body. Through semi-structured interviews, this examines how familismo and perfectionism contribute to burnout. Findings show that (a) Latiné students face immense academic and personal pressures, (b) often do not have access to culturally competent support (c) and will benefit from institutional resources tailored to their needs. Given limited research on Latiné student burnout, this study fills a critical gap and proposes culturally responsive interventions, such as mentorship programs and increased Latiné representation in academic and mental health services. This research calls on fostering a more inclusive academic environment, where Latiné students can thrive and succeed in Predominately White Institutions
Professional Quality of Life among Emergency Department Clinicians and Impact of Trauma Informed Care Training: A Before-and-After Cohort Study
Get PDFObjectives: Trauma exposures and high rates of burnout are widespread among emergency department (ED) clinicians and patients. Trauma-informed care (TIC) education promotes resilience for patients and clinicians. However, there remains a scarcity of data on the impact of TIC on ED clinician outcomes. The objectives of this study were to evaluate post-COVID-19 pandemic professional quality of life among ED clinicians and to test if participation in a TIC education initiative among ED clinicians (1) improves professional quality of life and (2) decreases bias toward patients who misuse opioids.
Methods: This was a single center, prospective, parallel before-and-after pilot study conducted at a single academic medical center ED. All ED clinicians at our institution participated in a TIC education series and were given the option to participate in the education series in April-May 2023 or be waitlisted to participate in June-July 2023. The validated Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) scale – V was used to assess compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress at baseline (March 2023) and again after the intervention group completed the TIC education (June 2023). The three-month change in the ProQOL subscale scores were compared between the two groups using repeated measures mixed-effects linear regression models.
Results: Of the 67 included clinicians, 56 selected to receive the TIC education early and 11 subjects selected to be waitlisted. Overall, no clinicians reported a high degree of burnout, secondary traumatic stress, or lack of compassion satisfaction. We did not find a statistically significant difference in the change in scores between the two groups.
Conclusions: We did not find the TIC education impacted ProQOL scores. This may be due to the low degree of burnout and secondary stress in our cohort
An investigation into Continued Fraction Expansions of √ N
Get PDFA continued fraction represents a number using an integer part and a sequence of positive integers in the denominators, with all numerators equal to one. This research examines the infinite continued fraction expansions of square roots of non-perfect squares. We observed and proved patterns in these expansions
DESIGN IN PUBLIC HEALTH CRISES: THE POWER OF EMPATHY IN VISUAL STORYTELLING A MULTI-COUNTRY ANALYSIS OF COVID-19 PUBLIC HEALTH CAMPAIGNS
No full textThis dissertation examines the role of storytelling during the COVID-19 public health crisis and its potential to foster empathy and action in a world increasingly marked by otherization, polarization, and anti-science sentiments. Using the S4E framework—State, Science, Storytellers, and Society—developed in this research, I explore the process of crafting public health campaigns and their capacity to elicit empathic (E) responses. Analyzing selected COVID-19 advertisements from the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Nigeria, and the United Kingdom, alongside interviews with public health storytellers from these countries, I investigate their tools and processes. Findings suggest that empathic storytelling in public health is shaped by how the State, Science, Storytellers, and Society in the S4E framework view the world. Key insights are synthesized into a strategy playbook, the 10 Ps of Empathy, which offers promising practices for future health crisis communications
CONVERSATIONAL THEATRE REHEARSALS FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION, EMPOWERMENT, AND HEALING
Get PDFI set out to examine the history and current structure of the English-learning classroom, with a strong focus on adult learners in community-based classrooms, of immigrants, refugees, and more who arrive and make their home in the U.S. as well those born in the U.S. to multilingual homes. I incorporate elements of therapy and theatre, particularly improvisational comedy and Augusto Boal’s Theatre of the Oppressed, as points of comparison to the teachers and students of the classroom by way of Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed. I use the concept of rehearsal to compare the three disciplines of psychology, language education, and theatre to an ideal classroom tailored to individual learning objectives, mental health support, and practice for real life, including self- and civic-empowerment. I interviewed English language teachers and learners from various backgrounds and observed select classrooms, utilizing their responses to frame the trial rehearsals I conducted with several groups of learners: a community-based conversational class with adult learners from different countries, university student sports players from mostly South America and southern portions of the U.S., and adult language learners from mostly Brazil in a class at the local library. Using the participants’ feedback post-rehearsal and my own self-reflections and research, I have discovered that while theatre is not a new tool for language education, it is a tool a teacher can learn to use more consistently for therapeutic support and practical empowerment in the learners’ lives
Case Report: A Case of Transient DRESS Syndrome (Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms)
Get PDFWe report a case of a 41-year-old female with a history of hypertension who presented with fever and a diffuse erythematous rash after taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) for an ear infection. Due to her symptoms, mild eosinophilia, and elevated liver function tests, Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) was suspected. Although the patient’s rash had resolved by the time of initial evaluation, it recurred overnight, reinforcing suspicion for DRESS syndrome. TMP-SMX was discontinued, and acetylcysteine was administered due to the patient’s high-dose use of acetaminophen in the days prior to her hospital presentation. Infectious and autoimmune workups were negative. The patient was treated with a six-week prednisone taper and discharged with outpatient follow-up. DRESS is a potentially life-threatening drug reaction, most commonly triggered by sulfonamides, antiepileptics, and allopurinol. Early recognition and intervention are crucial, as management involves prompt drug discontinuation, corticosteroids, and prolonged monitoring