6501 research outputs found
Sort by
Maternal Health and Nutrition: Combating Maternal Mortality Through Proper Nutrition
Get PDFMaternal mortality is an increasing concern in the United States. According to the WHO, from 2018-2022 the Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) was 23.3 deaths per every 100,000 live births. New Jersey\u27s MMR exceeded this average at 26 per 100,000 during the same period, with 91% of cases deemed preventable. While medical care plays a crucial role, research shows that non-medical determinants such as food insecurity, lack of nutritional education, limited access to transportation, and systemic barriers to health care contribute significantly to maternal health outcomes. Among these factors, proper nutrition plays a critical role before and during pregnancy, particularly in low socioeconomic populations. Existing global efforts, such as the HEAR her campaign and the expansion of telemedicine, aim to address maternal mortality through professional support and improved communication. However, many individuals remain unaware of these resources or are unable to access them due to systemic and logistical barriers. At the local level, organizations like Nurture NJ, The Cooperative, and Baby’s Best Start strive to reach underserved populations and provide essential support. A group of students in The Health Careers Opportunity Ambassador Program (HCOP), federally funded to prepare disadvantaged students for serving vulnerable populations, has partnered with Baby\u27s Best Start to enhance their curriculum with an emphasis on prenatal nutrition education as a strategy to combat maternal mortality
Advances in and Applications of Capillary Scale Liquid Chromatography
Get PDFAnalytical-scale high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is one of the most widely used analytical techniques in the world. Efforts have been made to reduce the mobile phase consumption of HPLC by reducing the inner diameter (I.D.) of the column. By using capillary-scale columns (\u3c 0.5 mm I.D.), separations can be performed with orders of magnitude less solvent consumption. This work describes advances made to capillary scale instrumentation as well as applications enabled by these advances. A compact capillary-scale LC was used for the analysis of numerous pharmaceutical and illicit drug compounds for point of need analysis. A miniaturized mass spectrometer was coupled to this instrument for on-line reaction monitoring within a standard chemical fume hood. Kinetic profiles of commercially available capillary columns were developed in order to provide guidance to others during column selection. The implementation of a column oven improved the analysis of large biopharmaceuticals. Several critical quality attributes of monoclonal antibodies including fragmentation, charge variants, and glycosylation profiles were able to be determined on the capillary scale. These results will help to make capillary-scale liquid chromatography a more viable solution for chromatographic analysis
NEW STUDENT ORIENTATION PROGRAMS: UNDERSTANDING THE PERCEPTIONS AND EXPERIENCES OF FIRST-GENERATION COMMUNITY COLLEGE STUDENTS
Get PDFThis study examines first-generation community college students\u27 perceptions of New Student Orientation programs. The research questions focus on specific aspects of students\u27 experiences and transitions to gain an understanding of their perspectives. The objective is to see if there is a connection between what researchers ascertain are the most valuable experiences for new students and what students feel and perceive while enrolled in their first semester of college. Qualitative data was collected to provide targeted insights for improving orientation programs and practices. The research questions focused on understanding specific aspects of students’ orientation experiences and their impact on their college transition. Key findings highlighted the value of several program components, including: student-to-student connections and advice for navigating common challenges; interactions with faculty; training on academic resources such as the learning management system; and access to campus support services (counseling, advising, and tutoring). These findings offer critical information for identifying gaps in orientation programs. This study empowers college administrators and faculty to critically examine their campus programs, assessment practices, and learning strategies, prioritizing student input in this process
Lecture Capture Transcripts: Use and Perceptions on Utility
Get PDFThis project focuses on student use and perceived utility of the transcripts created for all recorded lectures in the Synergistic Guided Learning (SGL) curriculum track. This poster will present our findings from a survey conducted with first year Osteopathic Medical Students (OMS-1) in Spring 2025
Teaching Students to Provide Effective Feedback with the Situation-Behavior-Impact (SBI) Framework
Get PDFWe often ask medical students to provide feedback to each other and the faculty. However, we do not necessarily teach them to provide effective, actionable feedback. This research focused on the impact of providing students with a 1-hour session training them to utilize the Situation-Behavior-Impact (SBI) feedback model
DEVELOPMENT AND PILOT EVALUATION OF A MATH INTERVENTION PROGRAM TO INCREASE NUMBER SENSE PROFICIENCY OF SECOND GRADE STUDENTS
Get PDFStudents continue to function below grade level proficiency in math and thus, the need for effective intervention. The purpose of this study was to develop and examine the efficacy of a targeted number sense intervention for second grade students. Specifically, the study examined the benefits of an intervention, analyzed number sense as an essential foundational skill, and determined if proficiency in number sense leads to math proficiency. Employing a quasi-experimental design, an intervention was implemented in 14 weeks for students who demonstrated a deficit in number sense and outcomes were assessed using multiple measures. Primary findings indicated that students who completed the intervention showed a significant improvement in number sense proficiency. Moreover, students demonstrated higher proficiency in number and operations and measurement data compared to their non-intervention peers. In terms of math attitude, students had relatively higher levels of positive attitude in math before and after the intervention. Qualitative findings from the focus group interview of teachers indicated that students demonstrated active engagement with the math lessons and activities throughout the intervention. The findings of the study were discussed in light of current literature and evidence-based practices in teaching and learning basic math skills. Policy recommendations and study limitations were also addressed
Recruitment and Retention of Men of Color in a Higher Education Initiative Program
No full textThis thesis is on the recruitment and retention of men of color in higher education initiative programs. The study focuses on the Project Educate Men program at Mid-Atlantic University. The purpose of the study was to understand how recruitment and retention could be improved in programs like Project Educate Men and what makes students who enter through such programs successful and unsuccessful. This study also discusses mentorship relationships between mentors and their mentees and what makes for strong relationships and communication amongst the individuals. The findings in this multiple methods study yielded that a program like Project Educate Men is effective and needed, but having a male of color do the recruiting for the program could help increase the recruitment numbers and lead to increased numbers in retention numbers. This was also suggested as a recommendation for the program. In addition to the latter being a recommendation from the findings, another recommendation was to evaluate the scholar and mentor relationship at the end of each academic year, because every relationship is different
Indirect Cost Cap: Perspectives on Efficiency, Waste, and Equity
Get PDFBackground: On February 10, 2025, the NIH enacted a 15% cap on indirect costs, reallocating 35 billion funding framework. The policy follows longstanding concerns about unchecked growth and inefficiencies in indirect cost reimbursements, which rose from 15% in the 1950s to over 70% at some institutions by the 1990s. Notable examples include a 9B to 140M and $100M respectively, they are buffered by large endowments. Smaller institutions, lacking such reserves, face disproportionate strain. Researchers welcome the increase in direct funding, though administrators warn of threats to compliance, safety, and laboratory continuity.
Conclusion: The NIH’s cap represents both a fiscal correction and a stress test for institutional resilience. While it targets wasteful spending, it also exposes gaps in the funding system that may disadvantage smaller research centers. Future reforms may benefit from tiered or performance-based caps that preserve efficiency gains while protecting research diversity
Teaching Students to Provide Effective Feedback with the Situation-Behavior-Impact (SBI) Framework
Get PDFFormal training in delivering effective feedback is often absent in educational curricula, despite its critical role in professional development, particularly within medical education. This study implemented a one-hour virtual workshop designed to enhance medical students\u27 feedback proficiency. Participants engaged in activities to identify attributes of effective feedback and applied the Situation-Behavior-Impact (SBI) framework. Post-workshop data demonstrated significant improvement in participants\u27: 1) knowledge of effective feedback qualities, 2) ability to provide actionable feedback, and 3) comprehension of the SBI framework. These findings suggest that targeted interventions can effectively equip students with essential feedback skills
Analysis of Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose, and Cholesterol Screening Results Collected During Street Outreach Events in Atlantic County, New Jersey, as Part of a Mobile Community Health Worker Program to Identify Residents at High Risk for Severe COVID-19
Get PDFBackground: This study seeks to evaluate the status of random blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood glucose screening results in Atlantic County, NJ. This study also aims to identify the rates of hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension within the target population, and potential differences between surveyed age demographics.
Methods: Medical students participating in the COVID-19 CHW Service Corps collected blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood glucose screenings at multiple screening events in Atlantic County, NJ during a two-year period. This data was analyzed retrospectively using ANOVA, non-parametric Kruskal Walis Test, and Tukey\u27s pairwise comparisons.
Results: Senior adults had significantly higher SBP than both Adults and Middle-Aged adults. Mean SBP values were 131 mmHg (Adults), 136.8 mmHg (Middle-Aged), and 141.5 mmHg (Seniors). Similarly, BGR differed significantly by age (p \u3c .0001). Seniors had significantly higher BGR than other groups, with back-transformed means of 110.2 mg/dL (Adults), 136.9 mg/dL (Middle-Aged), and 141.6 mg/dL (Seniors). Among 821 BGR samples, 0.2% were hypoglycemic, 85.0% normal, and 14.8% hyperglycemic. Among 931 blood pressure screenings, 74.3% of surveyed individuals were hypertensive. Lipid profiles showed varying risk levels, with high cholesterol in 25.3%, high triglycerides in 39.5%, high LDL in 47.3%, and low HDL in 49.5% of cases.
Conclusion: Significant age-related differences were observed in systolic blood pressure and blood glucose levels, with Senior adults consistently exhibiting higher values than younger groups. The distribution of hypertension stages and glucose abnormalities highlights the prevalence of cardiovascular and metabolic disease in the population