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Spirits of the Dead by Edgar Allan Poe
No full textEileen Veatch, a student at Fort Hays State University, submitted Spirits of the Dead by Edgar Allan Poe
Introduction to Social Work
No full textThis is a collection of instructor-created slide decks and videos and links to free course materials curated for SOCW 260: Introduction to Social Work. This course introduces students to the profession of social work and its role in supporting individuals, families, and communities. Emphasizing collaboration across systems like healthcare, education, and justice, students will explore how social workers promote well-being and access to resources. Open to all majors, the course highlights the relevance of social work values and skills in a wide range of careers and everyday life.https://scholars.fhsu.edu/all_oer/1016/thumbnail.jp
Associations Between Occupation of World Trade Center Responders and PTSD Prevalence and Symptom Expression
No full textThe World Trade Center attacks on September 11th, 2001, had a drastic impact on American culture across many different mediums. Among those impacted, first responders experienced intense responsibilities beyond the bounds of typical expectation and training, putting them particularly at risk for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. PTSD in first responders is often examined on a wide scale, where all types of responder roles are compared to the general population or within their individual groups. This study examined the association between occupation of responders at the time of the 9/11 terrorist attacks and PTSD prevalence and symptom expression. Patterns of symptoms were also explored based on symptom type among the different occupations. PCL-5 scores and demographic information of 671 responders were collected from the Word Trade Center Health Program directory and one of its affiliated research projects, the Personality-Informed Care Model for 9/11-related Comorbid Conditions study. This data was analyzed by a series of one-way ANOVA to compare PCL scores among the three groups and a 3X4 ANOVA to examine overall patterns of symptom expression according to responder role. It was hypothesized that there would be a significant difference in the prevalence of PTSD and severity of symptom expression based on role, and that non-traditional responders would display the highest levels of PTSD symptoms among the participants, with firefighters displaying the highest levels among the traditional emergency responder population. However, while significant differences were found between responder roles in both total PCL score and its associated symptom categories, firefighters displayed consistently lower PCL scores than the other groups. These findings imply that the direction of both research and treatment development should strongly consider responder role when addressing PTSD and its associated symptoms
FY 2025 Annual Operating Budget
No full textThe Fort Hays State University FY 2025 Annual Operating Budget
The Lapse of Time
No full textAidan Hammond, a student at Fort Hays State University, submitted The Lapse of Time
A Crucible for Allotment and Assimilation: The Referendum for Ratification of the Sioux Act of 1889 on the Standing Rock Agency
No full textDetermining post-Civil War national policy regarding American Indians was a tedious process. Many entities could describe themselves as stakeholders in the process, stakeholders who were beholding motivations which they would describe as significant. Those motivations would, to varying degrees, take the interest of Native Americans into consideration. It was in the liminal environment of volatile policy adjustments that American Indians were compelled to make decisions regarding their future. The Dakota (Sioux) represented a crucible for the recently approved General Allotment Act of 1887. The rise of progressive tribal leadership was a primary reason for the sudden passage of the Sioux Act of 1889 on the Standing Rock Agency. Within the progressive element of the Dakota (Sioux) of Standing Rock, the oration skills and pragmatic sensibility of Chief John Grass launched him into the position of spokesperson for the Dakota (Sioux) during the Sioux Commissions of 1888 and 1889. Indian Agent Colonel Steen of Mandan, ND recollected in 1919 “He was a leader of great influence and did it with no flourish or calling attention to himself.”[1] However, the influence of progressives only explains part of the story. Tiered historical events and policies directly impacted the opportunity for progressives to assume the mantle of tribal leadership. Examples of the types of pressures include historically dynamic Federal/American Indian policy, capital investment and industrialization in response to western migration, the drive for Dakota Territory statehood, the successful lobbying effort of Eastern reformers known collectively as the Friends of the Indians, the ability of Agent James McLaughlin to influence tribal leaders, and the ostracization of Sitting Bull from the tribal decision-making hierarchy are examples of pressures that acted as antecedents to the referendum on the Standing Rock reservation in 1889.
[1] “Brillance Attested to by Indian Agents,” Welch Dakota Papers, accessed April 29, 2025, https://www.welchdakotapapers.com/2011/11/chief-john-grass-2/#brilliance-attested-to
Elements of Statistics
No full textThis undergraduate text, intended for an introductory statistics course, motivates and develops basic inferential statistics. The first chapter establishes the necessity of inferential statistics, lays the basis of a scientific worldview, and finishes by introducing sampling methods and variables. Subsequent chapters develop visualizations, descriptive statistics, probability, and random variables. Sampling distributions are treated in the fifth chapter which is immediately followed by the development of confidence intervals and hypothesis testing. The text concludes with a treatment of linear regression. The use of Excel is emphasized throughout. The text is best viewed online through LibreTexts.https://scholars.fhsu.edu/all_oer/1017/thumbnail.jp