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Stages of Being Foreign as Portrayed in Daughter of Keltoum and Lost Birds
No full textIn this paper, I use the intercultural communication model, The Stages of Being Foreign, developed by anthropologist Oberg (1960) and modified by Gullahorn & Gullahorn (1963), Lewis & Jungman (1986), and Ward, Bochner, and Furnham (2001) to explain the experience of culture shock. This model describes the stages that individuals experience when they leave, either voluntarily or involuntarily, their home country/culture and must adapt to a new culture. These stages as described by Oberg are a preliminary stage (a spectator stage), an increasing participation stage, the pit of the culture shock stage, the adaptation stage, and for some migrants a reentry stage if they return to their home country. This model is still widely used by study abroad administrators and managers in corporations who assign students and workers abroad. I apply this model to the experiences of three refugee children depicted in two films: Lost Birds (2015) directed by Aren Perdeci and Ela Alyamac (Türkiye) and Daughter of Keltoum (2001) directed by Mehdi Charef (Algeria/France). Findings are that all three children experience the Stages of Being Foreign and make difficult adjustments to new lives
A Phenomenological Analysis of Sense of Belonging Among Community College Educators
No full textThis phenomenological study explored the complex phenomenon of sense of belonging (SB) among diverse health professions educators (HPEs) and non-health professions educators (non-HPEs) at a Canadian community college. SB, as a dynamic construct shaped by an individual\u27s perception of being valued and respected, is influenced by personal preferences and by complex interactions with the individual\u27s surroundings. To better understand SB and foster a more inclusive environment for diverse educators, it is necessary to investigate SB among these educators. This qualitative study used eleven semi-structured interviews and seven steps of data analysis. The results of this study can inform strategies, policies, and practices that enhance the well-being, retention, job satisfaction, and success of diverse educators.
The findings reveal that collegial relationships, supervisory support, value consonance, and interactions with students collectively contribute to educators’ SB. Three key themes emerged regarding colleague relationships: feedback and collaboration, everyday behavior and celebrations, and mentorship. Supervisory support influenced SB through active, inclusive communication, support for diversity, and fair treatment. Value consonance was shaped by alignment between institutional values and educators’ values, while students considerably enhanced SB through feedback, mutual connections, classroom engagement, and navigating through self-doubt. Notably, the study found no differences between HPEs and non-HPEs in their overall experiences of belonging
Assessment of Non-Clinical Time Expenditures by Academic Emergency Medicine Faculty
No full textIntroduction: In 2020, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) approved the Residency Review Committee for Emergency Medicine (RRC-EM) revisions to the program requirements. Revisions mandated that Program Directors (PDs) receive 50% full-time equivalent (FTE) non-clinical time, and Associate Program Directors (APDs) receive 35% FTE non-clinical time for administrative and teaching responsibilities for a program our size at the Department of Emergency Medicine, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences Eastern Virginia Medical School at Old Dominion University. Objective: To quantify the actual administrative time our residency leadership team— including the PD, APD, Department Chair, and core faculty— used in fulfilling their non-clinical responsibilities and compare this with the minimum administrative time requirements set by the ACGME. Study Design: We conducted a retrospective, cohort designed study of a single ACGME-accredited, three-year EM residency program with 30 residents. In 2018, independent of ACGME or RRC-EM requirements, our department mandated that all faculty formally document their hours dedicated to non-clinical administrative and teaching activities. This requirement applied to the PD, APD, Chair, and core faculty who were instructed to track time spent on administrative, educational, and scholarly activities related to the residency program. We excluded clinical hours and encouraged faculty to document non-clinical activities in real time using a software program that recorded start and end times. We then uploaded the data quarterly to a shared, web-based Excel document. The study period was February 1, 2018, through January 30, 2022. Documented non-clinical time was subsequently compared to the ACGME minimum administrative requirements for the PD, APD, Chair, and core faculty. Results: The PD documented an average of 1,134 hours of non-clinical time annually, equivalent to 69.5% of our department standard FTE, which is 1,632 clinical hours per year. The APD recorded an average of 971 non-clinical hours annually, equal to 59.5% of an FTE. In addition, the Chair reported 1,039 hours of non-clinical work, exceeding the 880 hours of protected administrative time allocated by the department. Core faculty documented an average of 519 hours of administrative and teaching time, compared to the 450 hours of allotted protected time. Conclusions: The time documented for administrative responsibilities by our residency leadership team was significantly higher than the minimum ACGME-mandated protected time. A national study of representative EM residency programs should be conducted to provide the ACGME with data to better inform and potentially revise the amount of non-clinical time requirements for program leadership and faculty
Integrating Clinical Reasoning into Mental Health Diagnosis: A Conceptual Framework for Counseling Practice
No full textClinical reasoning has long guided diagnostic accuracy in nursing and medical fields, but its application in mental health counseling remains limited. This paper presents a conceptual diagnostic decision-making (DDM) process to embed clinical reasoning into the diagnostic process for counselors, incorporating two vital constructs: counselor self-efficacy and counselor bias (implicit and explicit). Grounded in Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy (1977) and Carvalho et al.’s (2017) clinical reasoning model, the framework highlights the cognitive, behavioral, and contextual factors that shape diagnostic decision-making in early-career counselors, including counselor biases. The paper calls for reform in counselor training, emphasizing curriculum enhancements as pathways to more ethical, accurate, and culturally responsive diagnoses. Integrating clinical reasoning into counselor education may help reduce misdiagnosis and promote more equitable mental health practices
Chiari Network Identified by CT Imaging: An Uncommon Modality for a Common Incidental Finding
No full textChiari networks are anatomical variants that result from incomplete resorption of embryologic tissues and are often discovered incidentally on echocardiography. We describe the case of a large Chiari network we discovered after independent review of the patient’s computed tomography scan showed an unexpected filling defect within the right atrium, prompting further investigation. We also conducted a review of the literature for this anatomic variant of unclear clinical significance
Lauren Oyler
No full textPublicity photo submitted by author/presenter for ODU\u27s Annual Literary Festival 2025.https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/litfest_images/1009/thumbnail.jp
Transvascular Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspirations (EBUS-TBNA) to Confirm Urothelial Carcinoma Metastasis to the Pulmonary Artery
No full textTumours within the pulmonary arteries provide a diagnostic challenge due to their similar appearance to pulmonary emboli. Often, the decision to sample is multidisciplinary and the best approach to take is often unknown. Here we describe a case of urothelial carcinoma which metastasised to the mediastinum with evidence of tumour burden within the pulmonary artery. Sampling of this by endovascular and thoracoscopic means was unsuccessful; however, we were able to provide a diagnosis using direct visualization with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA). This report is the first of a central pulmonary artery tumour caused by urothelial carcinoma biopsied by EBUS-TBNA in the English literature. We describe the diagnostic challenges and steps in evaluating suspected tumour emboli with a focus on transbronchial needle aspiration
Startle Habituation and Vagally Mediated Heart Rate Variability Influence the Use of Emotion Regulation Strategies
No full textEmotion regulation refers to the processes through which people modulate their emotional experiences and expressions, and difficulties in these processes underpin many forms of psychopathology. According to the process model, emotion regulation encompasses five classes of strategies, commonly grouped into antecedent-focused strategies (e.g., cognitive reappraisal) and response-focused strategies (e.g., expressive suppression). These strategies involve both explicit and implicit processes, which can be objectively assessed using physiological indices. The present study examined the effects of startle habituation and vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) on the use of cognitive appraisal and suppression. Forty-nine college-aged participants were recruited, and their resting heart rate variability (HRV) and response habituation to an auditory startle-eliciting stimulus were measured. Emotion regulation strategies were assessed by a self-report questionnaire. Multiple regressions were used to analyze the effects of startle habituation, vmHRV, and their interaction on emotion regulation strategies. Results indicated that, although suppression was not associated with any physiological indices in the regression models, cognitive reappraisal was predicted by both vmHRV and startle habituation. Notably, vmHRV and startle habituation interacted such that the positive association between vmHRV and cognitive reappraisal emerged only among individuals who exhibited slow startle habituation. These findings have practical implications for the prevention and treatment of psychopathology, as well as for promoting more adaptive emotion regulation in daily life
Chronobiology of Meal Timing in Early-Stage Hypertension: A Controlled Feeding Pilot Study Investigating the Effects on Renal and Vascular Function
No full textLifestyle intervention is critical for young adults with early-stage hypertension. A Western diet has negative effects on kidney function and blood pressure; however, time-of-day effects are understudied. We hypothesized that consumption of a Western-style meal that is misaligned with the endogenous circadian rhythm would have adverse effects on blood pressure, kidney function, and vascular function. Ten young adults with elevated blood pressure or stage 1 hypertension (means ± SD: 26 ± 8 yr, 50% female) underwent a randomized crossover, isocaloric controlled feeding intervention. Participants were allocated to receive a Western-style meal high in sodium, sugar, and saturated fat in the morning (MMC) or the evening (EMC). Participants completed 24-h urine collection and simultaneous 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Daytime fractional excretion of sodium was greater after MMC compared with EMC (MMC vs. EMC: 0.84 ± 0.28 vs. 0.35 ± 0.13%, P = 0.008). However, nighttime sodium excretion was not elevated after EMC (0.48 ± 0.24 vs. 0.39 ± 0.30%, P = 0.314), suggestive of overnight sodium retention. There were increased systolic (126 ± 6 vs. 121 ± 6 mmHg, P = 0.028), diastolic (80 ± 4 vs. 77 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.028), and mean arterial (95 ± 5 vs. 91 ± 6 mmHg, P = 0.028) blood pressures during waking hours of MMC. Following consumption of the EMC, nocturnal blood pressure elevation was mitigated, presumably through protective sodium storage mechanisms (systolic pressure dipping: 15 ± 5 vs. 12 ± 5%, P = 0.249). Resting systolic blood pressure was increased the morning following EMC (119 ± 8 vs.121.8 ± 9 mmHg, P = 0.018). The findings suggest that in young adults with early-stage hypertension, a misaligned Western-style meal consumed late at night results in extended sodium retention and nocturnal blood pressure control was uncoupled from renal-mediated mechanisms