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Particle size and pdo–support interactions in pdo/ceo\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e-γ al\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e o\u3csub\u3e3\u3c/sub\u3e catalysts and effect on methane combustion
No full text© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. In this study, we investigated the effects of sequential impregnation in two PdO/CeO2 /Al2 O3 nanocatalysts (4Pd-20CeO2 /Al2 O3 and 20CeO2-4Pd/Al2 O3) on catalytic properties, particle sizes, and metal oxide–support interactions. Pulse chemisorption indicated significantly higher dispersion and smaller particle size in the 20CeO2-4Pd/Al2 O3 catalyst. STEM images of the 4Pd-20CeO2 /Al2 O3 catalyst showed PdO nanoparticles on the surface of crystalline Al2 O3. In the 20CeO2-4Pd/Al2 O3 catalyst, PdO nanoparticles were strongly embedded on ceria indicating PdO-ceria interactions. Both supports were on separate sites in the two catalysts suggesting weak interactions. PdO particle sizes were 6–12 nm in the 4Pd-20CeO2 /Al2 O3 catalyst and 4–8 nm in the 20CeO2-4Pd/Al2 O3 catalyst. Methane conversion was 100% at 275◦ C after a 20-min run with the 4Pd-20CeO2 /Al2 O3 catalyst compared to 25% conversion by the 20CeO2-4Pd/Al2 O3 catalyst under same conditions. The support alumina could stabilize the PdO species and facilitated oxygen migration on the surface and from the bulk in the 4Pd-20CeO2 /Al2 O3 catalyst. The lower activities in the 20CeO2-4Pd/Al2 O3 catalyst could be due to inaccessibility of PdO active sites at low temperature due to embedment of PdO nanoparticles on ceria. We could infer from our data that sequence of impregnation in catalyst synthesis could significantly influence catalytic properties and methane combustion due to PdO–support interactions
Effects of caffeine on inspiratory muscle function
No full text© 2019 European College of Sport Science. Research suggests that caffeine can enhance measures of muscular strength in the upper and lower extremities, although the literature is somewhat equivocal. Little is known on whether or not caffeine will improve maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), a surrogate measure of inspiratory muscle strength. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of a moderate dose of caffeine on inspiratory muscle function. Fifteen (8 male, 7 female) healthy adults (mean ± SD: age = 24.3 ± 6.4 years; height = 1.75 ± 0.11 m; body mass = 78.8 ± 16.5 kg) volunteered to participate in the study which used a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design. During the initial visit, baseline data was collected and participants were familiarized with inspiratory muscle measurements. For the second and third visits, participants ingested either a 5 mg kg−1 dose of caffeine (CAF) or placebo capsule (PL). After one hour, they completed at least 12 maximal inspiratory manoeuvres with 1 min rest between each attempt. MIP, maximal inspiratory peak pressure (PP), and maximal rate of pressure development (MRPD) were recorded. The CAF trial resulted in significantly higher MIP (154.7 ± 35.8 vs. 146.6 ± 37.6 cmH2O; p = 0.02) and PP (165.8 ± 36.8 vs. 158.3 cmH2O; p = 0.01) compared to the PL condition. No significant difference was observed in MRPD (p = 0.18). MIP and PP improved after ingestion of caffeine compared to the placebo condition. The findings from the study further establish caffeine’s potential ergogenic benefit on measures of muscular strength
The Peter and Dilbert Principles applied to academe
No full text© 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. The academic literature has long held that firms typically develop a system of incentives and rules that are meant to encourage employees to maximize their effort, and the firms’ profits. As a result, firms’ employees often rise through the ranks of the hierarchies in their firms through internal promotion, a process that results in the development of an internal labor market. This study explores the process of internal promotion, and its impact on firm behavior, with particular attention to both the Peter Principle and the Dilbert Principle. Both a formal model and a brief application of it to higher education are presented. In the case of the former, data related to U.S. business school deans indicate that more than one-third of all appointments come from internal candidates, with fully 20% of these being made from the rank-and-file professorate, thus supporting the model’s implications concerning the Peter Principle. Additionally, the data also reveal that the tenure of a typical “outside” dean exceeds that of a typical “inside” dean, thus supporting the model’s implications for the Dilbert Principle
A cost analysis of internet of things sensor data storage on blockchain via smart contracts
No full text© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Blockchain is a developing technology that can be utilized for secure data storage and sharing. In this work, we examine the cost of Blockchain-based data storage for constrained Internet of Things (IoT) devices. We had two phases in the study. In the first phase, we stored data retrieved from a temperature/humidity sensor connected to an Ethereum testnet blockchain using smart contracts in two different ways: first, appending the new data to the existing data, storing all sensor data; and second, overwriting the new data onto the existing data, storing only a recent portion of the data. In the second phase, we stored simulated data from several sensors on the blockchain assuming sensor data is numeric. We proposed a method for encoding the data from the sensors in one variable and compared the costs of storing the data in an array versus storing the encoded data from all sensors in one variable. We also compared the costs of carrying out the encoding within the smart contract versus outside the smart contract. In the first phase, our results indicate that overwriting data points is more cost-efficient than appending them. In the second phase, using the proposed encoding method to store the data from several sensors costs significantly less than storing the data in an array, if the encoding is done outside the smart contract. If the encoding is carried out in the smart contract, the cost is still less than storing the data in an array, however, the difference is not significant. The study shows that even though expensive, for applications where the integrity and transparency of data are crucial, storing IoT sensor data on Ethereum could be a reliable solution
What\u27s In a Name?: US Army Bases and the Lost Cause
No full textPart of the Fall 2020 “Southern Confederacy & Memorialization Virtual Speaker Series” hosted by the Columbus State University History and Geography Department, Dr. Dan Crosswell delved into the historical background involving the controversial subject of US Army installations bearing the names of Confederate generals. Drawing both on American military and wider themes in social history, Crosswell posited—not surprisingly—the choices reflected national segregationist politics and attitudes, chiefly in the period following the Spanish American and Philippines Wars.https://csuepress.columbusstate.edu/confederacy/1002/thumbnail.jp
Monuments and the Work of Memory: The Lost Cause in Columbus?
No full textThis presentation by Dr. Sarah Bowman entitled, Monuments and the Work of Memory: The Lost Cause in Columbus? looked at Columbus\u27 (Georgia) response to the Civil War, as memorialized by its Civil War monument. The monument allowed citizens to find meaning in the war and also helped them to understand how the Civil War affected their present-day lives. By explaining the meanings of the inscriptions found on the monument, Dr. Bowman argued that it served as a way to preserve the virtue of the South against what they thought was the unconstitutionality of the North.
This presentation was part of the Fall 2020 Southern Confederacy & Memorialization Virtual Speaker Series, which was hosted by the Columbus State University History and Geography Department.https://csuepress.columbusstate.edu/confederacy/1003/thumbnail.jp
In-Depth Analysis of College Students’ Data Privacy Awareness
Get PDFWhile attending university, college students need to be aware of issues related to data privacy. Regardless of the age, gender, race, or education level of college students, every student can relate to the advancement of the internet within the last decades. The internet has completely transformed the way the world receives and stores messages. Positively, the internet allows messages to be sent across the globe within the fraction of a second and provides students with access to potentially unlimited information on a variety of subjects. On the downside, there are issues on the internet that can cause more harm than good. Most college students automatically think the internet is secure; however, the internet is full of loopholes that allow hackers to expose them on the internet and utilize them to exploit individuals for monetary gains. Within the last decade, there has been an enormous number of data breaches that have pinpointed the lack of awareness regarding data privacy. Do college students, who utilize the Internet for entertainment and education, know about the issue of data privacy on the Internet? In this thesis, I have proposed a modern method that carefully analyzes the data privacy level amongst college students. To ensure ultimate data privacy, we must initially create the awareness then analyze the awareness of data privacy. To adequately address the fundamental issues of data privacy, students will be respectfully asked to satisfactorily complete a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire will measure students\u27 competence level regarding data privacy. The observational data will be utilized to uniquely determine if students are aware of the issues of data privacy or not. After further analysis, the data will be used to determine if there are unique characteristics that separates those who are aware from those who are not aware. The characteristics will be age, education, race, and exposure to computer related classes
Spotlight on Contemporary African American Authors: Ta-Nehisi Coates
No full textThis poster spotlights Ta-Nehisi Coates\u27 book entitled, Between the World and Me. It advertised the 2020 African American Read-In celebrated on February 20, 2020.https://csuepress.columbusstate.edu/marketing/1043/thumbnail.jp