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A Global Assessment of Dugong Status and Conservation Needs
No full textThe Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) contracted James Cook University to prepare a new edition of the 2002 publication: ‘Dugong: status report and action plans for countries and territories’. The new edition, which is titled ‘A global assessment of dugong status and conservation needs’, comprises eleven chapters, each written by the listed co-authors. The report has been edited by Helene Marsh, Philippa Loates and Luisa Schramm and reviewed by Abdelmenam Mohamed, Lauren Lopes, Yasmeen Tel Wala and Harris Wei-Khang. The report is arranged with an Executive Summary and 11 chapters as follows:
• This Executive Summary provides an overview of the project’s Key Findings.
• Chapter 1: Global Context provides background material that is relevant to all the regional chapters.
• Chapters 2-10: provide information for each of the following regions: East Africa (Chapter 2), Red Sea (Chapter 3), Arabian/Persian Gulf (Chapter 4), South Asia (Chapter 5), Continental Southeast Asia (Chapter 6), Maritime Southeast Asia (Chapter 7), East Asia (Chapter 8), Pacific Islands (Chapter 9) and Australia (Chapter 10). Each of these regional chapters has been co-authored with several regional experts.
• Chapter 11 summarizes the Key Learnings from this report
Cultivating Self-Compassion through Music Listening
No full textMusic listening is known to profoundly influence human emotions and positively influence emotional well-being, but how might it promote self-compassion? Self-compassion, the ability to recognise and ease one's own suffering, plays a critical role in emotional well-being. Our study explored the role of music listening in cultivating self-compassion. Using an online survey, we asked 296 participants, aged 17-33 years (M = 19.32, SD = 2.37), open-ended questions about their self-compassionate and uncompassionate music listening experiences. Our findings suggest that while music listening can contribute to feeling self-compassion, it is also associated with uncompassionate outcomes. Thematic analysis revealed themes common to both experiences, including emotional experience, connection, and music styles, and distinct patterns whereby self-compassionate responses emphasised positive outcomes and uncompassionate responses highlighted negative aspects. Interestingly, uncompassionate responses often involved using music to process negative emotions and facilitate emotional release, suggesting potential pathways to self-compassion. This presentation will draw on specific examples of music-induced self-compassionate and uncompassionate outcomes to highlight the complexity of music use in positive psychology. As music listening is a popular leisure activity, understanding the relationship between music and self-compassion can assist in informing mental health strategies with implications for future work examining music listening for emotional well-being
There were plenty of fish in the sea: the archaeology of fish consumption in Australia
No full textSettlement of the Australian continent occurred 60,000–65,000 years ago (Clarkson, et al. 2017). At that time, global sea levels were considerably lower, and Australia was part of a vast landmass, called Sahul, joined with Papua New Guinea to the north and Tasmania to the south. We know that people must have made water-crossings to reach Sahul, either from the north into New Guinea, or south along the Lesser Sunda Islands into Australia. Did people eat fish and other marine resources thousands of years ago when they crossed into Australia? This question is difficult to answer, as the coastline of most of this supercontinent today lies submerged, creating challenges for understanding how people may have used these earlier coastlines
Corrections to “Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Nursing for Geriatric Clinical Care for Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Literature Review”
No full textResolving allogenic forcings on shallow-marine sedimentary archives of the Taiwan Western Foreland Basin
No full textAn investigation of allogenic forcings on shallow-marine strata of the Miocene–Pliocene Kueichulin Formation, Taiwan Western Foreland Basin, reveals that shifts in palaeoenvironments were strongly controlled by: (1) orogenesis and basin subsidence, (2) precession-driven hydroclimate and (3) obliquity-driven atmospheric and ocean circulation. Shifts from a wave-dominated open shelf to a tide-dominated shallow-marine deltaic environment were controlled by basin subsidence and the uplift and erosion of Taiwan. Rapid deepening of the Western Foreland Basin (~5400 Ka) and low sedimentation rates contributed to the development of lower offshore to distal delta front environments with limited fluvial and storm influence. As the uplift and erosion of Taiwan accelerated after ~4920 Ka, sediment filled the basin, forming shallow-marine deltaic environments. The emergence of Taiwan also led to the shallowing and narrowing of the palaeo-Taiwan Strait, resulting in strengthened tidal currents. Sedimentation from Taiwan is dominantly driven by tropical cyclone precipitation with lesser monsoon contribution, which is driven by summer insolation that mainly responds to eccentricity-modulated precession. Therefore, tropical cyclone beds preserved in the strata correspond to periods of maximum precession amplitudes, with the most amalgamated expressions occurring during periods of sea-level minima. Enhanced seasonal variations in insolation during periods of high obliquity amplitude may lead to fluctuations in ocean-atmospheric circulation, resulting in increased variability in sedimentation, and by extension, shifts in depositional environments. This is preserved in the Kueichulin Formation in facies that reflect the strengthening of tidal currents during periods of high obliquity amplitudes. The findings establish high-sedimentation and high-accommodation shallow-marine basins as potential records for effectively disentangling the relative influence of allogenic forcings on sedimentary systems, which is essential for understanding the response of the Earth's surface to climate, sea-level fluctuations and tectonism in the geologic past
Promoting university student wellbeing: exploring the feasibility of soft skills and the First Nations-developed Family Wellbeing Empowerment Program
No full textDominic Orih investigated wellbeing promotion in higher education by examining the challenges and opportunities involved in integrating the First Nations Family Wellbeing empowerment program within university curricula. The research revealed how holistic educational approaches can simultaneously improve student wellbeing and soft skills, academic engagement, and life preparedness, challenging traditional skill-focused educational paradigms
Fish Community Dynamics Across Different Habitats in Marra Sea Country and Management Implications
No full textMarra Sea Country in the southwestern Gulf of Carpentaria includes diverse ecosystems that are ecologically, economically, and culturally significant, yet understudied. The Limmen Bight Marine Park (Northern Territory) and Limmen Marine Park (Commonwealth) overlap Marra Sea Country and aim to protect ecosystems and culturally significant areas and sustainably manage fishing and tourism. Research and monitoring partnerships that identify changes in habitats and biodiversity are crucial to achieving these goals. li-Anthawirriyarra Rangers, JCU and CDU researchers, NT Parks, and Parks Australia have partnered to map Marra Sea Country’s marine habitats and fish communities. Baited remote underwater video stations (BRUVs) captured diverse and distinct fish communities associated with habitats including seagrass, soft coral, and bare sediment inside and outside the marine parks. Species richness was greatest in seagrass and soft coral habitats. Seascape connectivity impacts fish community dynamics and ontogenetic shifts between habitats. This interagency partnership is producing vital spatial data that will inform Sea Country planning and management of these important ecosystems by supporting Traditional Owners and governments in making evidence-based decisions to protect cultural and ecological values. By combining Indigenous and scientific knowledge, this partnership strengthens collaborative management of Marra Sea Country
Improving Intertidal Seagrass Spatial Modelling in Tropical Northern Australia
No full textRemote sensing has become a valuable tool for mapping seagrass, but several limitations hinder its full potential in turbid tropical regions, being generally restricted to the intertidal zone. One key challenge is the dynamic nature of the intertidal zone, as seagrass meadows are only fully exposed during short periods of time throughout the year, and therefore may not be visible from remote sensing imagery due to the temporal and spatial limitations in satellite revisit times. Intertidal seagrasses also exhibit high spatial variability, with seagrass often consisting of sparse meadows in muddy substrate or occurring in fragmented patches that are difficult to capture with low-resolution imagery. This study aims to evaluate alternative modelling strategies to advance the field of tropical seagrass mapping, including the use of 1) imagery captured at low tides; 2) seasonal cloud-free composites to reduce pixel variability of the intertidal zone; 3) different sensors (trade-off between spatial resolution and spectral and temporal availability); and 4) different machine learning models (pixel vs object-based classification). We monitor the performance of each approach using an independent validation dataset at 3 study sites with different seagrass habitat characteristics and present the most accurate approach as a probability map of seagrass presence
What is the woman's role in the clinical assessment of midwifery students? A scoping review
No full textBackground: Midwifery student assessment tools have been validated to assess competence in practice-based maternity settings however, the inclusion of the woman in the clinical assessment of the midwifery student is not well understood.
Aim: To collate and report the evidence on the role of the woman in the clinical assessment of midwifery students. Methods: Using the five-step framework of Arksey and O'Malley (2005), with modifications from Levac et al. (2010), a scoping review was conducted across four databases: MEDLINE (via OVID); CINAHL (via OVID); EMCARE; and SCOPUS using controlled vocabulary and key words.
Findings: Midwifery student clinical assessment in practice-based settings that included feedback from the student, midwife, and woman was not evident in any of the studies. The concepts of woman-centred care were well explored, particularly in terms of the continuity of care experience. Although the reciprocal benefits of the continuity of care experience for women and students were highlighted, there was no evidence of feedback from women on their involvement during midwifery student clinical assessment. When women did provide feedback, it was mostly in retrospect, using criteria-led evaluations (online survey, questionnaire), and not during midwifery student clinical assessment.
Discussion: A clearer understanding of how woman-centred care is realised in midwifery student clinical assessment regardless of the model of care provision needs to be explored. Understanding how the woman is included, her role and how she can provide feedback on her experience will inform how woman-centred care is reflected in all practice settings.
Conclusion: The findings from this scoping review have identified gaps within the existing literature, foremost is the lack of evidence of inclusion of the woman in the clinical assessment of midwifery students. Re-orientating midwifery student clinical assessment that includes collaboration with and evidence of feedback from the woman would provide the woman a ‘voice’ to articulate and validate her experience - representing her journey towards woman-centred care
Sex-Based Differences in Cardiovascular Outcomes Associated With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textCOVID-19 has emerged as a global health crisis with significant consequences, not only for respiratory health but also for the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to investigate potential sex-based disparities in cardiovascular outcomes among individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 A systematic search was performed in PUBMED/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and EMBASE, up until January 2024 to identify studies measuring the sex-based differences in cardiovascular outcomes associated with COVID-19. The outcomes of interest included (myocardial infarction, venous thromboembolism, ischemic stroke, major bleeding, mortality, heart failure and hospitalization length). The meta-analysis was performed using the ‘Stata’ software, version 18. We identified 11 studies involving 31,044 males and 25,917 females in our review. A slightly lower risk of myocardial infarction in females (RR: 1.24; 95% CI [1.03, 1.49]; p = 0.02) contrasted with a substantially increased risk of venous thromboembolic events (RR: 1.43; 95% CI [1.19, 1.71]; p = 0.00) in males. Additionally, males displayed a slightly higher risk of major bleeding (RR: 1.22; 95% CI [1.06, 1.40]; p = 0.00). This trend continued with significantly higher rates of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) utilization (RR: 2.14; 95% CI [1.11, 4.13]; p = 0.02) in males. Moreover, stroke outcomes and overall mortality were demonstrably worse for males (RR: 1.46; p = 0.05 and RR: 1.21; p = 0.00, respectively). Males with COVID-19 face higher risks of myocardial infarction, venous thromboembolism, ischemic stroke, major bleeding, and mortality. Heart failure and hospitalization length show no gender disparity. These findings highlight the crucial role of gender in COVID-19's cardiovascular complications