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Leveraging subordinates for performance how managers benefit from mentoring relationships
No full textUsing multisource data from 37 countries encompassing a sample of 9,039 managers and their subordinates, we find that managers who provide more career mentoring receive higher performance ratings. This relationship holds true in all cultures but is more salient in more assertive than less assertive cultures. Conversely, managers who provide psychosocial mentoring receive higher performance ratings only in more assertive cultures. By understanding how the two types of mentoring behaviors affect managers' performance across cultures with different levels of assertiveness, this study provides insight into how managers (especially expatriates and managers of cross-cultural teams) can adapt their mentoring behaviors across cultures
Linking innovative knowledge sharing and employees' innovative behaviour: the mediating role of thriving at work
No full textExisting research on knowledge management has verified the critical influence of knowledge sharing on employees’ innovative behaviours. However, the underlying mechanism of how knowledge sharing can foster innovation-related behaviours is still less clear. This study aims to explore how employees’ innovative knowledge sharing can impact their innovative behaviours, with a focus on the mediating role of thriving at work. Using an online survey, data were collected from 547 full-time employees working in mainland China. The results supported a mediation model, showing that workers’ innovative knowledge sharing positively affected their sense of thriving at work, which in turn was positively associated with their innovation behaviours. The practical implications of this study are also discussed
How can procedural flowcharts support the development of mathematics problem-solving skills?
No full textSupporting students’ problem-solving skills, solution planning and sequencing of different stages that are involved in successfully developing a meaningful solution to a problem has been a challenge for teachers. This case study was informed by reflective investigation methodology which explored how procedural flowcharts can support student mathematics problem solving in a senior Mathematical Methods subject in Queensland. The paper used thematic analysis to analyse and report on teachers’ perceptions of the utility of procedural flowcharts during problem solving as well as content analysis on how student-developed flowcharts can support their problem-solving skills. Results show that development of procedural flowcharts can support problem solving as it helps with integration of problem-solving stages
Opportunities and challenges in restoration and preservation of marine and coastal ecosystems highlighting participation, trust and dialogue: the case of Guadeloupe Island LIFE Project
No full textMost of the ocean remains unexplored, rendering the effects of climate change, exploitation of marine resources, and other human pressures largely unknown. The growing influence of the blue economy and blue economy policies presents additional threats linked to the degradation and overexploitation of marine and coastal ecosystems. Consequently, it is crucial to highlight the challenges that the marine ecosystems face, and potential solutions to mitigate these pressures linked to protection and restoration actions.
This chapter delves into the barriers and constraints surrounding the implementation of nature-based solutions for the protection and restoration of marine and coastal ecosystems. This chapter is based on the analysis of the scientific members of one case study through the LIFE Adapt’Island project based on the restoration of emblematic ecosystems such as seagrass beds, mangroves, and corals in a context of degradation and overexploitation boosted by the blue economy. This project was implemented by the Guadeloupe Port Caribes and 2 NGOs on key restoration sites spread over 8000 ha for a period of 5 years. This chapter is drafted by pluri-disciplinary members of the scientific committee of the project, who have been hired to support the project’s implementation and benefited from a privileged access to the project’s data. The chapter is based on their observation and analysis, but also on their strong work experience on similar ecosystemic protection and restoration projects We emphasize the importance of carefully selecting and understanding the installation site as well as the need for local involvement of residents and stakeholders in endorsing and accepting the project as desirable, useful, and viable. We then consider the potential and challenges of developed nature-based solutions applied to marine coastal ecosystems. We approach the importance of participation, coordinated partnerships, research, monitoring, engagement, and awareness to the success of restoration efforts. An ecosystem impact analysis offers an initial overview, while a socio-ecological perspective emphasizes the role of dialogue and trust.
The core assumption of this paper is that restoration efforts will be ineffective without accompanying anthropic pressure reduction measures, such as behavioral change for pollution control, climate change mitigation, and waste management. Furthermore, genuine engagement with local communities involving dialogue and trust is critical to shift from passive to active co-management. An increased and improved management of coastal areas, along with more preventative measures, will be necessary to enhance marine and coastal resilience. Based on our experience and project, it is recommended that future protection and restoration projects incorporate comprehensive stakeholders’ engagement plans from the outset to ensure community buy-in and participation. Robust monitoring and transparent communication of results are essential for maintaining trust and assessing the effectiveness of restoration efforts. Additionally, integrating adaptive management strategies that can respond to new challenges and opportunities will enhance the resilience of marine and coastal ecosystems. These practices in a context of growing blue economy can inspire and guide similar initiatives aiming to protect and restore vital ecosystems under pressure from anthropogenic activities and climate change
A high fall risk patient perspective - Reducing safety challenges in an acute care hospital
No full textAims:
This study examined patient perspectives of the factors that contributed to their falls in a medical ward and how patient understanding of the implemented fall prevention strategies influenced their perceptions of their fall risk.
Design:
An exploratory sequential mixed methods design.
Methods:
Quantitative data were obtained from the RiskMan fall database and auditing of the Patient-Centred Care Plan to identify patients who experienced a fall on the ward. From this cohort, seven inpatients were interviewed using a structured interview questionnaire to explore their perceptions of why they fell. Other complexities of fall management in the ward were discussed, including the assessment and identification of high fall risk patients and the effectiveness of patient education.
Results:
Five contributing factors were seen to have led to inpatient falls in the medical ward: (1) there seems to be little, if any, patient engagement with the advice in the fall prevention brochure distributed on admission; (2) insufficient patient awareness of the various fall prevention strategies; (3) inadequate bathroom supervision provided by nurses; (4) patient call bells not answered promptly, which encouraged patients engaging in risk-taking behaviour and (5) a breakdown in communication between nursing staff and patients. The study identified several factors that should be included in fall administrative data, such as the duration of call-bell response, the quality of nurse–patient communication and the determinants influencing patient response to fall prevention strategies. The study findings offer valuable insights to enhance the efficacy and implementation of fall prevention strategies to improve patient outcomes.
Patient Contribution:
Patients who had experienced a fall during their current hospital admission were interviewed. For each patient, the interview was a communication medium to explore the factors surrounding the occurrence of their fall and their knowledge of their fall risk
ChatGPT in Deep Time: Technology and Temporality in Kate Mildenhall's The Hummingbird Effect
No full textIn the last decade, developments in the fields of machine learning and natural language processing have resulted in the production of increasingly complex text generation programs like OpenAI’s ChatGPT and Anthropic’s Claude. These programs, often referred to as large language models (LLMs), are driven by complex layers of algorithms that are trained upon enormous sets of textual data to create statistical models that can output text which closely resembles the human writing they have been trained upon. While the outputs of LLMs are growing more and more sophisticated, the algorithms they are built on inherently lack direct access to embodied experience and have no understanding of what it means to operate in human time. As a result, LLMs struggle with temporality when producing narratives and their texts often exhibit temporal disorder and lack progression and causality. Several recent novels have experimented with incorporating text generated by LLMs, including Kate Mildenhall’s The Hummingbird Effect (2023), in which she weaves conversations with a language model, generated through experimentation with ChatGPT, amongst multiple interconnected timelines. Mildenhall uses these conversations—and the novel as a whole—to explore temporality, connectedness, and the potential of new innovations to impact the world. These explorations with the experience of time are framed by the deep time perspective of an ever-present river. This paper examines how the narrative structure of The Hummingbird Effect incorporates machine-generated text to investigate human understanding of time in the twenty-first century, and the ways in which technology impacts literary temporality
Mismatch Between Global Importance of Peatlands and the Extent of Their Protection
No full textGlobal peatlands store more carbon than all the world's forests biomass on just 3% of the planet's land surface. Failure to address mounting threats to peatland ecosystems will jeopardize critical climate targets and exacerbate biodiversity loss. Our analysis reveals that 17% of peatlands are protected globally—substantially less than many other high-value ecosystems. Just 11% percent of boreal and 27% of temperate and tropical peatlands are protected, while Indigenous peoples' lands encompass at least another one-quarter of peatlands globally. Peatlands in protected areas and Indigenous peoples' lands generally face lower human pressure than outside those areas. Yet, almost half of temperate and tropical peatlands in protected areas still experience medium to high human pressure. Country submissions of Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement and National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plans under the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework could help catalyze actions and secure funding for peatland conservation, including support for the Indigenous stewardship that is critical to protect many of the world's highest priority peatland areas
Scalable mangrove rehabilitation: Roots of success for Rhizophora stylosa establishment
No full textLarge-scale mangrove restoration initiatives have been attempted worldwide but have often suffered from low success rates and high costs. Direct seeding is increasingly used as a viable and cost-effective strategy for achieving restoration at scale for other coastal habitats yet has been little used for mangroves. Planting mangrove propagules instead of saplings can reduce costs and labour associated with the collection, growing out, and replanting involved in conventional restoration methods. In this study, we document research into direct seeding for mangrove restoration, focussing on early establishment processes and identifying recruitment enhancement strategies that will improve natural recruitment success rates. The elongated propagules produced by Rhizophoraceae species can establish by self-planting into the substrate, or after grounding flat as the tide recedes. An aquaria experiment showed that vertically sown (to simulate self-planting) Rhizophora stylosa propagules grew significantly longer and more roots than propagules sown horizontally. After 35 days the vertical propagules
grew roots 46.3 ± 20.5 mm in length while horizontal propagules grew roots 17.4 ± 16.6 mm in length. A field study showed that specially designed bamboo structures facilitate vertical self-planting, thus enhancing successful establishment. Propagules grounding in a vertical orientation successfully established 52.6 % of the time, whereas propagules grounding horizontally had a 10 % success rate. Results from this study suggest that grounding orientation, and the hypocotyl being embedded into the substrate, prompt root initiation and may lead to R. stylosa reaching an establishment threshold quicker than naturally stranding propagules. As such we propose that direct seed planting represents a viable alternative for large-scale restoration of Rhizophora
Mpox vaccination strategies in DR Congo
No full text[Extract] Alexandra Savinkina and colleagues1 present findings from the first mpox vaccination modelling study in DR Congo. Using a dynamic transmission model, they assess various vaccination strategies across age groups (15 years) and provinces (endemic and nonendemic)
Roger Tory Peterson Down Under: an American's influence on Australian birding field guides
No full textThe American, Roger Tory Peterson, has been the single most influential figure in the evolution of birding field guides around the world. He was also a major contributor to the awakening of an environmental consciousness among the wider public in the second half of the twentieth century. In Australia, he provided a powerful impetus to the renovation of the field guide genre from the 1960s onward; and his Australian followers, like Peterson himself, were driven by a conviction that field guides are potent contributors to the conservationist cause. This article explores the myriad ways in which Peterson helped shape Australian birding field guides, including an exposition of his personal friendship with one of Australia’s major field guide authors, Graham Pizzey