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Parenting in the Digital Age: Adolescent Perspectives on Internet Parenting Styles and Problematic Internet Use
No full textContext: Problematic Internet use (PIU) has emerged as a significant health concern among Indian adolescents, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic. Parenting styles play a crucial role in either exacerbating or protecting against PIU.
Aim: This study explored adolescents’ perceptions of Internet parenting styles and their influence on the extent of PIU.
Materials and Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. The initial quantitative survey included 386 adolescents from two preuniversity colleges in urban Bangalore, and the subsequent qualitative phase involved semistructured interviews among 27 adolescents. Quantitative data were collected using a semistructured sociodemographic questionnaire, Young’s Internet Addiction Test, and the Internet Parenting Styles Instrument, whereas qualitative data were collected using an interview guide.
Statistical Analysis Used: Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with IBM SPSS Statistics 29. Qualitative data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis, facilitated by NVivo software.
Results: The quantitative findings revealed that 71.5% of participants reported mild-to-severe PIU, with most perceiving moderate parental control and warmth and a predominant laissez-faire Internet parenting style. While perceived control was significantly correlated with PIU, warmth showed no significant relationship. The qualitative insights highlighted that adolescents value self-regulation and autonomy in Internet use.
Conclusions: The prevalent Internet parenting styles among Indian parents do not sufficiently address PIU among adolescents. The study emphasizes the need for a balanced and well-informed parenting approach that promotes self-regulation skills over strict parental control
Outward FDI and income inequality in the home country: The role of wage bargaining
No full textIn the process of economic globalization, firms extending operations via Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) encounter significant effects on wage inequality. Workers with bargaining power can negotiate favorable terms, while those without this influence face pronounced disparities. Building on the framework of Helpman et al. (2010), this study examines the impact of non-bargaining workers on income inequality during the transition from autarky to outward FDI. The results highlight a marked increase in wage gaps, particularly with greater outward FDI intensity. Moreover, under certain conditions, there is a notable rise in overall inequality, as measured by the Theil index
Zircon U–Pb emplacement ages of intrusions in the Mary Kathleen Domain, Mount Isa Inlier, Australia
No full textThe Mary Kathleen Domain (MKD), within the Mount Isa Inlier, Queensland, hosts numerous occurrences of Cu ± Au mineralisation, which are spatially associated with igneous intrusions. However, the temporal relationships between the emplacement (crystallisation) ages of these intrusions and important mineralisation events remain ambiguous in most cases. This is further complicated by secondary overprinting of primary magmatic rocks (and mineralisation) during later metamorphic or hydrothermal events, which can potentially reset datable mineral archives. Here we present 29 new U–Pb zircon ages for magmatic intrusions from across the MKD, which are all interpreted as emplacement ages. Our results, combined with previous data, show that most intrusions in the MKD were emplaced during at least four discrete periods of magmatic activity between ca 1880 Ma and ca 1500 Ma; these are the Kalkadoon–Leichhardt Igneous Province (ca 1860 Ma), Argylla Igneous Province (ca 1780 Ma), Wonga–Burstall Igneous Province (ca 1760–1710 Ma) and Williams Igneous Province (ca 1550–1500 Ma). Available geochronology data on ore mineralisation associated with intrusions within the MKD suggest that most mineralisation formed coeval with the emplacement of the Williams Igneous Province; however, intrusions of this province are only exposed in the northern portion of the MKD. Therefore, in other areas where reported ore mineralisation ages (i.e. ca 1500 Ma) are much younger than the spatially related magmatic emplacement ages of intrusions, mineralisation is probably the result of remobilisation of older mineralisation temporally linked to the surrounding intrusions. These results also highlight the need for detailed mapping of the field relationships between different magmatic phases and the surrounding country rock to resolve ambiguities in the geological history and stratigraphic succession observed within some areas of the MKD
Epilithic algal composition and the functioning of Anthropocene coral reefs
No full textEpilithic algae dominate cover on coral reefs globally, forming a critical ecological interface between the benthos and reef organisms. Yet, the drivers of epilithic algal composition, and how composition relates to the distribution of key taxa, remain unclear. We develop a novel metric, the Epilithic Algal Ratio, based on turf cover relative to total epilithic algae cover, and use this metric to assess cross-scale patterns. We reveal water quality and hydrodynamics as the key environmental drivers of the Epilithic Algal Ratio across the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), and reefs globally. On the GBR, the abundance of herbivorous fishes and juvenile corals were also related to the Epilithic Algal Ratio, suggesting that reefs with long-dense turfs support fewer herbivores and corals. Ultimately, epilithic algae represent the interface through which the effects of declining water quality, which impacts a third of reefs globally, can reverberate up through coral reefs, compromising their functioning
Identifying competency development needs of hospital managers in Iran: a national survey
No full textBackground:
A competent management workforce is crucial to achieve the effectiveness and efficiency of health service provision and to lead and manage the health system reform agenda. However, the traditional recruitment and promotion approach of relying on clinical performance and seniority provides limited incentives for competency development and improvement among hospital managers in Iran. There is limited evidence on the competency development needs of hospital managers in Iran that can guide setting training and development direction. This study aims to identify the competency development needs of three management levels (senior, mid-level, and frontline) in public hospitals and explore the difficulties that managers experienced.
Methods:
The study adopted a cross-sectional survey using the validated management competency assessment partnership (MCAP) tool. The MCAP tool, consisting of 82 behavioral items that measure six core management competencies, was distributed to 162 public hospitals in 19 provinces in Iran between September 2021 and March 2022. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics including the mean and standard deviation, chi-square test, independent-samples t-test, and one-way analysis of variance.
Results:
In total, 1051 managers completed the survey either online or on paper. Peer and team conflict, employee performance, loss of skilled staff, and supervisor confrontation were the five difficulties most often encountered by all three levels of managers. The survey confirmed that only a small proportion of managers had the opportunities to participate in formal and informal management-related education/training, such opportunities were much lower for middle and frontline managers (P < 0.001). Middle managers were less confident in their demonstration of the core management competencies than that of senior and frontline managers (P < 0.001). Managers who completed management training organised internally by the hospitals consistently received higher mean competency scores for all competencies (P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
The study provides compelling evidence highlighting the importance of developing strategies to systematically enhance the capabilities of hospital managers, particularly mid-level managers. Incentives to encourage hospital managers to participate in both formal and informal management training, along with the commitment from hospitals to establish mechanisms that build management capacity, support managers, and guide the preparation and recruitment of management positions, are essential
Developing primary health network employee’s capability in health and social care commissioning
No full textIntroduction: Primary care has strategic importance in Australia’s complex health system, attracting one-third of the country’s health budget. Primary Health Networks (PHNs), established in 2015 to act as commissioners for non-hospital health and social care across Australia, enable a more comprehensive health planning approach to identify and prioritise service gaps and commission appropriate health services. Hence, building PHNs’ capability in health commissioning is critical to maximising health outcomes of the Australian population.
Objective: This study was conducted to identify the skill development needs of PHNs employees to lead and manage commissioning, and strategies to build commissioning capabilities across PHNs.
Methods: A multiphase mixed-method approach was used, including an anonymous online survey and two focus group discussions.
Results: The health commissioning practices of PHNs directly affect PHN staff’s confidence (Pearson’s r=0.484, p< 0.001) and self-perceived competence in their commissioning practices (Pearson’s r=0.335, p< 0.001). This study confirms that systematic upskilling commissioning among PHN employees, focusing on the commissioning cycle, complex healthcare environments, and data management, is required to improve their capabilities. This highlights the importance of organisational support in strengthening the six key factors for effective commissioning.
Discussion: The enhancement of PHNs’ capability in health commissioning should be centered around employees’ capability building guided by the proposed PHN health commissioning capability building model. Organisation investment in performance monitoring and enhancement, organisations’ multi-strategy approach towards internal support and development, and external learning and development opportunities are the three key pillars.
Conclusion: Enhancing robust commissioning processes and strengthening leadership capabilities in health commissioning are essential for PHNs to meet the evolving healthcare needs of the population. Effective commissioning requires skilled and confident teams, systematic upskilling, organisational support, and strategic approaches to address challenges, deliver high-quality primary care, and improve population health outcomes. Building PHNs’ commissioning capability requires a systematic and progressive skill development approach that prioritises a staff-centred model
Pierre Gope’s Reimagined Romeo and Juliet in Kanaky-New Caledonia
No full textThis chapter focuses on Kanaky-New Caledonian culture by drawing critical attention to the island’s theatrical and performing arts histories. Through the perspective of postcolonial ecocritical Shakespeare studies, the authors examined how Kanaky-New Caledonian theatre appropriates Shakespeare to express and articulate local socio-political, cultural, historical and environmental issues. In particular, it explores how the specific reimagining of Shakespeare in Kanaky-New Caledonia illuminates cultural entanglements with place, gender, politics, race and identity. After contextualising Shakespeare within the country’s performing arts histories, this chapter offers a case study analysis of a Kanaky-New Caledonian Shakespeare production of La nouvelle et sublime histoire de Roméo et Juliette adapted by director and playwright Pierre Gope and directed by José Renault for a 2007 production. We argue that this adaptation by Pierre Gope’s Roméo et Juliette, enables a playful exploration of community tensions in Kanaky-New Caledonia through an enmeshing of Shakespeare’s symbolism with contemporary, local concerns. The findings from this study challenge the cultural hegemony and stereotypical imagery often associated with indigenous Arts in Oceania. This study addresses a gap in knowledge and points to numerous opportunities for future research on Kanaky-New Caledonian theatre and Shakespeare in the Pacific islands
Do back-of-house hospitality hybrid workers in Hong Kong enjoy work–family enrichment? A two-wave study on meaningful work and psychological needs
No full textPurpose
This study investigates how meaningful work (MW) influences the three basic psychological needs, which, in turn, affect the four dimensions of hybrid working. It further explores how these outcomes contribute to work–family enrichment (WFE) among back-of-house employees in Hong Kong’s hospitality industry, a critical yet under-researched segment.
Design/methodology/approach
Data collected from 332 back-of-house employees in Hong Kong’s hospitality sector using a two-wave survey design were analyzed via the partial least squares structural equation modeling.
Findings
The results showed that MW positively influences the three basic psychological needs for autonomy, relatedness and competency. Only fulfilling the needs for autonomy positively influences the four dimensions of hybrid working (i.e. job effectiveness, well-being, relationship with organization and work–life balance). However, fulfilling other basic psychological needs showed differential results. Among the four dimensions of hybrid working, job effectiveness, well-being and relationship with the organization enrich the work–family domain.
Practical implications
This study improves our knowledge on hybrid workers’ work–family dynamics. Specifically, it highlights how MW and the fulfillment of basic psychological needs – particularly autonomy – enhance hybrid work outcomes such as job effectiveness, well-being and employee–organization relationships and in turn, positively influence WFE. This study also offers suggestions on how organizations can design a positive hybrid work experience that is especially valuable for hospitality employers seeking to retain and motivate back-of-house talent in a competitive labor market.
Originality/value
This study is among the first few studies that include hybrid working, basic psychological needs and WFE in one model. At the same time, this study extended literature by incorporating MW, an increasingly relevant constructs transforming workplaces
Evolution and objectives of diverse Australian recreational fisheries monitoring programs
No full textApproximately half a billion people engage in recreational fishing, and are estimated to capture at least 10 million tons of fish annually, equivalent to 12% of the global fish catch. However, the recreational fishing sector can be difficult to monitor due to the lack of mandatory reporting of catch and participation. Australia, where one in five adults, or 4.2 million people, participate in recreational fishing annually, highlighted the need to collect information and monitor recreational fishing activity, catch, fish biology, and economic and social values in its 1994 ‘National Policy for Recreational Fishing.’ Here, we identify past and present Australian recreational fisheries monitoring programs (RFMPs) and provide a comprehensive overview of their objectives and methodologies, specifically considering their alignment with the four key research foci identified in the ‘National Policy for Recreational Fishing in Australia.’ We identified 40 unique marine state-wide multi-species RFMPs across all Australian states and territories. Most RFMPs focus on collecting catch, fishing activity and social and economic values information, and rarely contribute information on fish biology. However, there has been ongoing expansions in the number and scope of RFMPs, and an increasing proportion of offsite (i.e., information collected outside the fishing location) programs. While offsite monitoring programs are often cost-effective, we emphasize the crucial role played by onsite monitoring surveys. Results from this review can be used in plans for further expanding recreational monitoring programs towards a more comprehensive and in depth understanding of the recreational fisheries sector in Australia
Hooking recreational fishers on sustainable fishing: Consistent psycho-social determinants raise potential for broad scale interventions
No full textThe establishment of marine protected areas with high levels of compliance is a cornerstone of global marine conservation. Previous studies highlight the importance of psycho-social mechanisms (e.g. attitudes, social norms) for driving self-compliance amongst recreational fishers. However, our ability to put these fishery-specific insights into broad-practice requires understanding how transferable they are across locations. In this study, we find that psycho-social determinants of sustainable fishing practices are consistent across three contrasting marine protected areas spanning the Australian continent (separated by up to 3500 km). Intentions to promote sustainable fishing practices were stronger for fishers who were aware of zoning, were positive towards regulations, and whose peers supported sustainable fishing practices. Most of the variability in these factors was linked to intangible fisher characteristics, especially fisher motivations. Consistency across our national sample raises the potential for a national approach to tackling self-compliance of recreational fishers with marine protected area regulations