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The Prillwitz Mammoth: Taxonomy, Sex, Age, & Delayed Skeletal Maturation of a Geologically Young Mammoth
No full textThe Prillwitz mammoth, a nearly complete mammoth skeleton found in Southwest Michigan in 1962, is one of the geologically youngest mammoths from North America (AMS C-14 date: 11,300 ± 100 BP). Bones are well preserved; some long bones show post-mortem flaking, scratches, or grooves of unknown origin. All long-bone epiphyses remain unfused except the distal humerus, suggesting it was \u3c 28 years old at death. In contrast, the skull and mandible preserve M3s and m3s, respectively, that are in mid-wear, indicating an Asian Elephant Year dental age of ~45-50 years. Long bone size and inferred shoulder height are consistent with the size of a large woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) or small to mid-sized Columbian mammoth (Mammuthus columbi), but dental evidence is most consistent with M. columbi.
Pelvic dimensions suggest it is a male. The ≥ 17-year mismatch between age inferred from tooth progression and wear (~45 Asian Elephant Years) and age inferred from epiphyseal fusion (\u3c ~28 Asian EY if male) may indicate either substantially accelerated dental progression or delayed skeletal maturation for this mammoth; we deem the latter more likely. Based on modern analogs, delayed maturation could have been due to severe malnutrition, hormonal imbalance, illness, or genetic factors. Given the geologically young age of the Prillwitz mammoth (likely near the time of mammoth extinction), we speculate that delayed skeletal maturation may have been attributed to environmental stressors near the end of the Pleistocene. Further work is warranted on very late mammoths
Unearthing the Hidden Transcript in Greta Gerwig’s Little Women (2019)
No full textIn her film adaptation of Little Women (2019), Greta Gerwig expounds upon the subject of womanhood through her version of the character Jo March, specifically with the film’s portrayal of emotions and Jo’s authorship journey. Gerwig peels away the layers of the novel’s public transcript, as stated by anthropologist James C. Scott, centering instead the hidden transcript which suggests that a woman cannot thrive in a patriarchal society without community and connection with other women. The methods for my research include close reading, theoretical frameworks from feminist criticism and anthropology, and the use of secondary academic sources
Knowledge, Attitude, and Compliance on Transmission-Based Precautions Among Adventist Hospitals Healthcare Maintenance Personnel in the Philippines
No full textThe purpose of this study is to know if knowledge and attitude has a relationship to the compliance of healthcare maintenance personnel on transmission-based precautions among Adventist hospital in the Philippines. Health belief model theory and mechanism of disease transmission theory will be used to support this study
LDT FDA Ruling: a Conundrum for Laboratories Across the USA
No full textAbstract
In the article “The Future of Laboratory Medicine Understanding the New Pressures, author Mauro Panteghini expresses that the clinical laboratory has always undergone significant changes due to technological advances and external economic pressures. “Laboratories are indeed an easy target for economic restrictions and limitations due to their technological characteristics.” (Panteghini, 2004, pg. 205) Though these words were written over 20 years ago, no more valid words have been spoken in light of the newest pressure all laboratories face with the new LDT regulation set by the FDA.
This regulation places drastic economic pressure on laboratories to pay the FDA for laboratory-developed tests that vendors have not defined or submitted initially. It is essentially coercing laboratories to decide what tests are deemed “unmet needs” and what tests can be discontinued to avoid having to pay fees to develop package inserts for tests established by these labs and considered helpful by the FDA for continued use for patient testing. It feels like a revenue-generating scheme by the FDA that forces labs to either quit the innovative approach for testing solutions they have provided for years or pay the mandatory fines to continue testing. This will be an economic strain on many hospital labs, proving detrimental to all stakeholders
