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Effective Followership and Successful Leadership in Small and Medium Enterprises in the Middle East
Get PDFEffective leadership has long been recognized as a critical factor in organizational success, yet the role of followership remains underexplored. The purpose of this quantitative quasi-experimental study was to examine the relationship between effective followership and successful leadership within small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Middle East. Followership theory, transformational leadership theory, and organizational culture theory grounded this study. The participants comprised 192 employees working in SMEs across the Middle East who completed the implicit followership theories scale developed by Thomas Sy to measure followership effectiveness. Leadership success was determined based on whether leaders achieved at least 80% of their organizational goals in the previous year. Statistical analyses, including Pearson correlation and multiple regression, were conducted to examine the relationship between followership and leadership success. The results indicated a moderate positive correlation, r = 0.57, p \u3c .001, suggesting that higher levels of followership behaviors are associated with increased performance. The multiple linear regression showed the F statistic ~ 4.253 with df (4,11) is significant at p = 0.0031, verifying that the full model is statistically significant. Understanding this relationship may provide actionable insights about followership for leaders, human resources professionals, and policymakers aiming to enhance workplace dynamics within Middle Eastern SMEs. The implications for positive social change include the potential for SME leaders to highlight how improved leader-follower relationships could foster organizational effectiveness, enriching the employees’ quality of life and satisfaction, and long-term business sustainability
Multiple Sclerosis Cognitive Needs, Entitlements, and Policy
Get PDFWomen living with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience inequities, policy imbalance, and the feeling of overwhelming unfairness from those who govern policy. This qualitative phenomenological study was developed to focus on woman living with the disability of cognitive impairments in the MS paradigm that are not discussed, inadequately measured nor treated, making it difficult for those living with the disease to remain in the workforce and gain access to healthcare. Little research exists that identifies the unmet needs of those with MS and their relationship to cognitive impairments. Due to the progression of the cognitive impairments those living with MS have difficulty navigating, applying and qualify for Social Security and healthcare benefits. The purpose of this study was to understand the perspectives of women living with the disability of MS and the barriers that exist when trying to obtain social security disability and access to healthcare. The theoretical framework for this qualitative study was based on the critical disability theory, founded upon critical theory developed in 1937. The study was guided by the research question: What are the lived experiences of women who live with cognitive impairments caused by MS and their experience with obtaining Social Security benefits and healthcare under the Affordable Care Act? Nine participants between the age of 25 and 61 provided their experiences about workplace difficulties and accessing healthcare. Data analysis consisted of verbatim transcription coding, which identified three emerging themes. The three themes that emerged related to the cognitive issues from the MS disease progression for difficulties with work compliance, the notion of an invisible disability and the effects of healthcare disparity on daily life. By gaining understanding of the challenges faced by these women, the hope for social change is that policymakers strive to improve standardized practices and processes that ease access for supportive levels of healthcare
The Unique Experiences of Black Women in Childhood School Discipline
Get PDFResearchers have explored racial disparities in school discipline and revealed consistent gaps in the discipline rate of Black students compared to White students and other students of color. The problem of African American girls being disciplined at higher rates than that faced by girls of all other races/ethnicities was addressed in this essential qualitative study. The aim was to explore the perceptions of African American women regarding their experiences with discipline in school and its impact on their well-being in adulthood. Critical race feminism formed the conceptual framework guiding this study. The research questions focused on the perceptions and experiences of African American women with childhood school discipline to ascertain how it has influenced their current well-being. A basic qualitative design was employed to collect data from 10 African American women who had experienced school discipline at least twice during their K-12 years through audio-recorded interviews. Thematic coding was used to discover emergent themes. The findings revealed the pervasive impact of discriminatory school discipline practices on African American women\u27s well-being and identity development. This study has implications for positive social change by informing interventions that promote resilience, cultural sensitivity, and trauma-informed practices in social work. Additionally, it highlights the need for advocacy efforts to address systemic inequalities in educational institutions and foster inclusive environments that support African American girls\u27 academic and personal growth
Adults Ability to Trust After Chronic CPS Involvement as Children
Get PDFAbuse against children is an issue in the United States. The effects of being abused can follow children into adulthood. There is little to no research on the effects of adult\u27s ability to trust others due to their chronic involvement with child protective services (CPS) as children. If an individual lacks trust, other issues can arise. Freud\u27s psychodynamic theory served as the theoretical framework for this study. A generic qualitative approach was used to address the following research question: What are adults\u27 perceptions and experiences regarding their ability to trust others later in life after chronic involvement with CPS as children? Semistructured interviews with 10 participants were used to collect data. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Six themes emerged: participants have emotional responses regarding their involvement with cps, participants have become socially isolated regarding their involvement with cps, participants have experienced child abuse or neglect, participants have been driven to learn and take on challenges, child welfare workers lack important values, and the removal of children leads to distrust. The findings can be used for future research and has extended the knowledge in this area. The study\u27s findings could provide an understanding of how to deal with children involved with CPS. The positive social change implications may include (a) changing how we build trust with children during interviews to ensure an honest conversation; (b) learning the effects of chronic CPS involvement to help children overcome those effects; and (c) decreasing the rate of intergenerational CPS history
Baccalaureate Nursing Students’ Beliefs About Peer Feedback in the Nursing Skill Lab: Value, Quality, and Importance
Get PDFPeer feedback is an instructional method used in nursing education to support student success in the nursing program and professional practice. While a large body of evidence supports the merits of peer feedback as an instructional method, there is limited research on its use in nursing students, especially within the skill lab. The purpose of this study, guided by the feedback intervention theory, was to examine nursing students’ beliefs about peer feedback in the nursing skill lab and how those beliefs change over time. Archival data from the Beliefs About Peer Feedback Questionnaire (BPFQ) from a public midwestern university was used to conduct four one-way repeated measures ANOVAs using a cohort of 35 students who completed the BPFQ over the four semester program. Results showed a statistically significant change over time in students’ beliefs about the value of peer feedback as an instructional method, F(2.495, 84.844) = 10.693, p \u3c .001, partial ω2 = .03, the quality of feedback given to peers F(1.553, 52.786) = 28.176, p \u3c .001, partial ω2 = .01, the quality of feedback received from peers, F(2.156, 73.423) = 17.684, p \u3c .001, partial ω2 = .02, and the value of peer feedback as a skill, F(2.208, 75.079) = 1.238, p = .298, partial ω2 = .03. The implications for positive social change include the potential to improve nursing education, nursing skill competency, communication, critical thinking skills, and patient safety while ensuring equitable learning opportunities and fostering an inclusive environment where all students can thrive
Parental Vaccine Hesitancy and the Decision to Vaccinate Children Against COVID-19
Get PDFWhile there is a significant body of literature regarding vaccine hesitancy, there is a gap in the literature on its impact to parents’ decisions to vaccinate their children against a pandemic pathogen. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between parental vaccine hesitancy, measured using the health belief model (HBM) theoretical framework constructs of the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS; the degree to which an individual trusts in vaccine efficacy, safety, the reliability and trustworthiness of vaccine programs, community impact, perceived risks, and the importance of childhood vaccinations), and parents’ decision to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 with and without controlling for sociodemographic variables. Adult parents (N=1591) with children under the age of 18, completed the VHS’s Likert-scale questions and sociodemographic questions. Logistic regression was used to test the association between HBM VHS and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among parents for their children. The results indicated a significant relationship exists between vaccine hesitance and parents not vaccinating their children against COVID-19 (OR = 2.861, 95% CI (2.330-3.513), p \u3c 0.001), suggesting that parents who are already vaccine hesitant will remain vaccine hesitant in a pandemic. There was no significant relationship between sociodemographic variables and parents vaccinating their children against COVID-19 (OR = 2.808, 95% CI (2.260-3.488), p \u3e 0.05). Implications for positive social change include expanded insight into the impact of parental vaccine hesitancy and vaccination decisions for children during pandemics
Executive Summary: Development of an Evidence-Based Prevention Bundle to Reduce Falls on an Inpatient Psychiatric Detoxification Unit
Get PDFFollowing a 16% increase in patient falls from 2023 to 2024 in an inpatient psychiatric detoxification unit, a quality improvement education project was implemented to assess the impact of an evidence-based fall prevention bundle on fall rates and nursing compliance. Nurses received education through a PowerPoint presentation to enhance understanding and implementation of the bundle, which included Edmonson reassessments after high-risk medication administration, ISHAPED bedside shift handoffs, care plan updates, and SWIFT daily safety huddles. Posttests identified that the objective score of 80% knowledge for nurses was met. During the 10-week implementation, the goal was 100% compliance with all bundle elements and a 4% fall reduction. Nurses achieved 91% compliance with Edmonson assessments and ISHAPED handoffs, 68% with SWIFT huddles, and 66% with care plan updates. Although full compliance was not met, the intervention resulted in a 100% reduction in falls, exceeding the 4% target and demonstrating the effectiveness of structured fall prevention strategies in psychiatric detoxification settings. The project emphasized the need for ongoing staff education and monitoring to sustain adherence to safety protocols, particularly improving SWIFT huddle participation and care plan documentation. Beyond enhancing patient safety, this staff education project fostered collaboration through structured handoffs and team huddles while ensuring equitable care by standardizing fall prevention for all patients, addressing health disparities and promoting patient-centered safety measures
Staff Education on Medication Reconciliation
Get PDFThis Doctor of Nursing Practice education project focused on improving staff knowledge of medication reconciliation through an evidence-based educational intervention in an outpatient clinic. Medication reconciliation is crucial for ensuring accurate and consistent medication lists across care transitions, helping to prevent errors, such as omissions, duplications, dosing mistakes, and drug interactions. The project’s central question was whether staff education on an evidence-based approach to medication reconciliation would improve staff knowledge. A pre- and post-education survey was used to measure changes in staff knowledge after a PowerPoint presentation. Results showed a significant increase in staff knowledge after the intervention; the participants’ mean score on the pre-education survey was 44%, and their mean score on the post-education survey was 88%. Recommendations include ongoing staff training and regular assessments to sustain improvements. The project emphasizes positive social change by promoting equitable care and addressing disparities in underserved populations through improved medication reconciliation management. Implications for nursing practice include empowering staff through education to equip them with the knowledge and confidence to lead medication reconciliation efforts
Treatment-Seeking Behavior: A Quantitative Study of Firefighters and Mental Health Literacy
Get PDFThe mental health of firefighters is a pressing concern, especially given the increasing suicide rates within this demographic. This quantitative nonexperimental study examined the impact of mental health literacy on the intention of firefighters to seek help for personal or emotional issues, employing the Mental Health Literacy Scale and the General Help-Seeking Questionnaire. Key variables, including years of service, rank, and age, were analyzed for their influence on this relationship. Grounded in the conservation of resources theory, the study aimed to answer two primary research questions: the predictive relationship between mental health literacy and help-seeking behavior, and the role of demographic factors as control variables. It was hypothesized that a positive relationship exists between mental health literacy and the intention to seek treatment, with anticipated variations based on years of service, rank, and age. Data were collected from 219 career firefighters and analysis confirmed a statistically significant yet weak correlation between mental health literacy and treatment-seeking behavior. Specifically, logistic regression indicated that age and years of service had small but significant predictive value for help-seeking behaviors, while rank showed no substantial effect. The study identified limitations that underscore the need for future research to incorporate a broader range of demographic factors and culturally sensitive assessment tools, thereby facilitating a comprehensive understanding of the barriers to help-seeking within the firefighting community. Insights gained can inform targeted interventions and support mechanisms that promote a healthier approach to mental health among firefighters. Optimal mental health for these public safety professionals enhances their effectiveness and efficiency thereby driving positive social change
How do African American Women in Halfway Housing Perceive their Experiences with Mental and Emotional Rehabilitation
Get PDFAfter reviewing the literature, Black women living in halfway housing needed more culturally accommodative and responsive access to mental health care. Despite recent efforts to improve the access and quality of mental health services for Black Americans, some of the most common barriers that continued to exist include and were not limited to the following: stigma associated with mental illness and distrust of the health care system. The purpose of this hermeneutic phenomenological study was to understand Black women’s perceptions of their mental and emotional rehabilitation while living in halfway housing. The hermeneutic phenomenology theory was most appropriate as it related to the study through use of human connection and perception. This study explored how Black women in halfway housing perceive their experiences with mental and emotional rehabilitation. According to data analysis, the following themes emerged from the interview data: (a) mental health, (b) support system, (c) rehabilitation, and (d) black women must be strong. This research consisted of four Black female participants who were living in a halfway home and semi structured interviews provided the data for the study. The results also indicate the significance of managing emotional stress such as when experiencing grief, addictive behaviors and other mental health conditions such as depression. This study promotes social change by addressing the need for increased mental health awareness and advocacy to offer transitional, grief, loss and addiction counseling service to Black women living in halfway housing