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The Relationship Between Forecast Information Quality and Perfect Order Index in Supply Chains: The Role of Preventive and Corrective Inventory Actions
No full textThis study examines the impact of forecast information quality on supply chain performance in the context of the Palestinian territories. A sample of 200 firms were involved in this research that used path analysis and structural equation modeling to analyze the survey data. The constructs of preventive costs and corrective costs pertaining to inventory management were tested as the mediating variable between forecast information quality and perfect order index, a surrogate measure for supply chain performance. The results support the hypotheses that both the forecast information quality and the corrective and preventive inventory actions have a positive significant impact on the perfect order index while the results did not support the mediating role of the preventive and corrective inventory. The discussion about the need for preventive and corrective inventory management in spite of high forecast information quality provides insights for supply chain management in companies operating in other volatile and turbulent regions around the world
Does Higher Minimum Wage Discourage College Enrollment? A Cross-State Empirical Study of the United States
No full textThe paper investigates the impact of minimum wage increase on college enrollment in the U.S. using a panel of 50 U.S. states during the period 2009-2018. By examining the impact of minimum wage on college enrollment, particularly within different types of post-secondary institutions, our study adds to the existing literature. This is a departure from previous research, which predominantly concentrated on two-year college enrollment. We find evidence that raising minimum wages adversely affects overall college enrollment. However, the results vary depending on the type of colleges. The increase in minimum wage has a negative impact on the enrollment of two-year colleges, while positively affecting the enrollment in four-year public colleges. We use state level aggregated data and estimate our results using a System Generalized Method of Moments (System GMM) to account for endogeneity concerns surrounding the minimum wage and college enrollment
Acceptance Versus Resistance: Carl Nassib’s Coming Out and Instagram Reactions
No full textThe coming out of Carl Nassib, the first active National Football League player to identify as “gay” openly, has garnered significant public discourse. Despite extant research on Carl Nassib’s announcement, there exists a lacuna in exploring the broader cultural implications and the portrayal of LGBTQ+ athletes on youth-centric social media platforms (e.g., Instagram). This study employed thematic and linguistic analysis of Instagram (N = 6,308) posts to examine public reactions to Carl Nassib’s announcement. The study findings unveiled a dichotomy between supportive expressions and oppositional tropes. The analysis underscored a gradual shift toward acceptance yet emphasized persistent cultural tensions in the American football culture. This study adds to the limited research about how masculinity in American football is continuously contested and redefined
Do Investors Price Classification Shifting? An Indian Evidence
No full textThis study examines whether investors respond to classification shifting - an earnings management strategy where recurring items are misclassified as non-recurring to inflate core earnings - in the Indian capital market. Using a sample of 3085 firms listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange from 2000 to 2024, we investigate the pricing implications of both revenue and expense shifting through portfolio analysis and Fama-MacBeth cross-sectional regressions. Consistent with prior literature, we find that firms engaging in classification shifting, particularly revenue shifting, experience abnormal stock returns, suggesting investors demand a higher premium for holding the stocks of revenue shifters. However, expense shifting shows inconsistent pricing effects, highlighting potential differences in investor attention or detectability. Extending prior work, we explore the moderating role of corporate governance mechanisms - namely, the frequency of audit committee meetings, board meetings, and the proportion of independent directors - on the relationship between classification shifting and stock returns. Our results reveal that firms with stronger governance structures experience attenuated market mispricing, indicating that effective internal oversight can serve as a counterbalance to opportunistic reporting. These findings offer new insights into how internal governance moderates the informativeness and credibility of reported earnings in emerging markets
Efficiency of Liberal Arts Colleges: A DEA Analysis of Non-Elite LACs
No full textThe demographic cliff, the effects of COVID-19, and shifts in regional preferences for higher education pose an important threat to Liberal Arts Colleges (LACs). While other studies have examined the efficiency of top-ranked LACs, this paper examines the colleges most challenged by the current environment. Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and 6-year graduation rate as the outcome of interest, our results show that the average LAC outside the top 100 ranked schools (according to U.S. News & World Report) operates at about 74 percent efficiency. Many schools within the sample score closer to 50 percent. These rankings are then evaluated as a function of school factors such as location, religious affiliation, varsity sports activity, and enrollment. Results show that suburban LACs with more majors offered, and lower enrollment are more efficient
Soil Discrimination by Particle-Correlated Raman Spectroscopy
Get PDFForensic soil analysis has had a rich history of providing valuable information for investigating criminal events. However, many modern forensic laboratories have stopped performing this analysis due to the perception that it is either too time-consuming or labor intensive. Further complicating the issue is the view that many forensic soil analytical methods are subjective due to their reliance on feature comparisons. Particle Correlated Raman Spectroscopy (PCRS) is a new method that was proposed to address both concerns by providing automated and objective analysis and comparison of sample mixtures. PCRS is an integrated technique that combines automated image analysis with Raman spectroscopy. Particle imaging determines particle size and shape distributions for each component in a sample, yielding detailed morphological information (e.g., circularity, area). At the same time, Raman spectroscopy can probe the molecular chemistry of specific particles of interest. Particle size distributions can be generated for the entire sample or for each mineral present, along with quantitative information on the relative amount of each type of particle.
Mineral counts and morphological properties are used as the basis for the classification and comparison of Raman-identified particles. The discrimination potential of PCRS was explored using various statistical methods from data collected from topsoil samples collected in triplicate from 30 different locations in the Northeast United States. Following analysis of the particle sets within each sample, applicable mineral sets were subject to statistical analysis via Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis. While the process was plagued with technological obstacles during data collection, physical and chemical data were still collected for all samples and statistical analysis showed promising results. Ultimately, this research provides statistical evidence for the discriminatory power of minerals and their morphologies for the classification and source identification of soil samples
Assessing the Effect of Prolonged Saltwater Exposure on DNA Recovery in Submerged Skeletal Remains from Sus scrofa domesticus (Erxleben, 1777)
No full textBoth water-related and mass disasters occurring over or in water (e.g., boating disasters, commercial plane crashes, and natural disasters) result in multiple deaths every year. Due to the ocean\u27s vastness and lack of equipment, remains may not be recovered for some time, resulting in soft tissue decomposition, leaving bone as the last repository of recoverable DNA for identification purposes. Skeletal remains\u27 physical and chemical components protect them from environmental deterioration and biological attack and preserve DNA well. Therefore, identifying an individual may depend on DNA obtained from skeletal remains. However, there is limited research on how long DNA can be preserved in skeletal remains, especially within water. Hence, this research study focused on observing the effect of prolonged saltwater exposure on DNA recovery in submerged skeletal femurs from the species Sus scrofa domesticus (Erxleben, 1777), or domestic pig, over six months. Two silica-based DNA extraction methods were also studied to optimize the most efficient technique for DNA recovery from the skeletal samples. Silica-based methods were chosen for this study to find a replacement for organic extraction, a time consuming procedure that poses health hazards. With the help of a local butcher, a total of eight juvenile domestic pig femurs with the tissue removed were used for this experiment, with 6/8 submerged in a 75-liter fish tank in room-temperature saltwater over six months, 1/8 in a secured dry fume hood as a control, and 1/8 used in a preliminary experiment. One femur was removed from the tank monthly for DNA extraction and quantification using the two silica-based extraction techniques. Samples were taken from each wet and dry femur monthly for six months and quantified using Quantstudio™ 5, a real-time PCR instrument. Based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the DNA yield recovered from the femurs in both environmental conditions and extraction techniques, it was concluded that the modified method used in the dry condition significantly yielded more DNA than other combinations. These findings suggest that dry conditions preserve DNA in skeletal remains more than wet conditions; however, the modified silica-based extraction method may improve DNA yield regardless of such conditions
Musicals, TV Shows, and Movies, Oh My! How Adaptations of Literature Affect Perception of the Story
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to determine how different adaptations are perceived by audiences and how those adaptations affect interpretations of the original literature. Adaptations of literature are growing increasingly popular, and with each new adaptation comes fans of the source material who either love or hate the adaptation. Following their reaction, fans will either double down on what is important that they feel an adaptation missed, or become more lenient about what was changed from page to screen. Each form of media has its own merits and pitfalls to be utilized, which in turn forces changes to be made to the original story. Some adaptations successfully navigate this difficult task and produce impressive amounts of revenue, while others fall flat and are cancelled almost immediately. This project will assess what factors are related to the success of the adaptation and try to discover what makes some more successful than others. This project will also explore how the changes made in adaptations affect perception of the original literature
Musical Resurgence Phenomenon: A Look Into How Older Songs Are Making Comebacks After Being Featured in Acclaimed Television Shows and Films
Get PDFThis study evaluates how and why the showcasing of a song (released before 2012) in a contemporary film or television show (released after 2020), affects the song\u27s overall success. The analysis consists of an exploration of the phenomenon’s effect seen in 9 examples. A mixed-methods approach is used, first conducting a qualitative study of why each song’s feature led to their resurgence. Specific tactics used to connect the song to the multiple aspects of the TV show or film were examined. To supplement the exploration, secondary data analysis was completed by using online databases to determine a song’s numerical charting success, before and after its TV show or film feature. Other lasting effects surrounding the song and/or artist were also noted. The collective success of the songs’ Spotify streaming history, charting evolution, and tactics used in features were discussed. From the research’s results, the study determined a likely correlation between the older song being featured, and the Spotify stream boost seen afterward. Finally, the crossover of many tactics used in the songs’ features was examined. The most used tactics, in 89% of the songs studied, were plot, memorable visuals, and being played diegetically. Based on the findings of this study, musical artists and music supervisors alike have insight into why older songs can have a mutually beneficial comeback after being featured in a TV show or film
Fits Like a Glove: Seinfeld and the Economics of Liability Laws
Get PDFInformal case applications often enhance our understanding of an economic principle’s breadth of import in everyday life, as well as whether the principle may be acknowledged and used in a manner that facilitates decision-making of businesses and consumers. The present study contributes to the case study literature by extending the work of others on the economics of the classic television sit-com, Seinfeld. More specifically, our extension focuses on several law and economics concepts, particularly concepts related to product liability, included in the sit-com that are of particular interest to businesses and consumers