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Relationship of body mass index and physical activity with hand grip status among university students: a cross sectional analysis
No full textThe objective of this study is to determine the relationship between nutritional status and hand grip strength
among university students in Kuala Nerus and assess the relationships between BMI and physical activity with
hand grip among students. University students (N = 80, mean age 21.8 ± 1.4 years) that included 36 males and
44 females were recruited using a convenient sampling technique from two universities which is Universiti
Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) and Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) in a cross sectional study in Kuala
Nerus, Terengganu. Weight and height were measured and body mass index were calculated. Hand grip strength
was measured too using Takei Digital Grip Strength Dynamometer. Furthermore, eating habits and level of
physical activity were self-reported by the students using FFQ adopted from MANS and IPAQ questionnaire.
The prevalence of underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity were 7.4%, 66.3%, 17.5%, and 8.8%
respectively. Male have slightly higher intake of calories, carbohydrates and fat with mean value of 2229 kcal,
295.3 g and 66.8 g respectively compared to female with calories of 2126 kcal, carbohydrates of 283 g and fat
of 64.2 g. Meanwhile, most of the students involved in this study were classified as being moderately active
(65%) followed by low physical activity (28.8%) and the least goes to the high physical activity category (6.2%).
Furthermore, male subjects had a higher value of handgrip strength in both right (32.3 kg) and left hand (28.2
kg) as compared to female subjects that was 20.0 kg on the right hand while 17.6 kg on the left hand. The present
study also showed that males had a higher percentage of overweight and obesity than females and there was a
significant association between body mass index and gender as well as gender and hand grip strength (p<0.05).
There were also significant association observed between BMI and physical activity with hand grip strength
meanwhile, there is no association between dietary intakes (protein) with grip strength (p<0.05)
Comparison of different drying methods and preservatives on the proximate composition, colour and total phenolic content of dried ginger
No full textThe present work proposed to compare three different drying methods i.e. sun drying, vacuum oven drying and
freeze drying of ginger to determine the proximate composition, colour analysis and total phenolic content.
These dried gingers were preserved by using sugar (control), Tualang honey and Kelulut honey. It showed that
freeze dried ginger presents the best result for retaining nutrients, colour and total phenolic content compared
to other drying methods. For colour analyses, sun dried samples resulted in the lowest value of L* were 50.94,
51.24 and 52.22 for control, Tualang honey and Kelulut honey due to longer drying time and oxygen exposure.
Among all preservatives used, Tualang honey produced the best quality of dried ginger as the highest total
phenolic content was 26.73 mg gallic acid/g
Prototype design of rainwater harvesting and solar irrigation system for small - scale farm
No full textThe current irrigation system at Taman Tanaman Dapur that used by the Faculty of Bioresources and Food
Industry (FBIM) is operated manually, and the water source is directly from Syarikat Air Terengganu (SATU).
The cost incurred to maintain the current system is expensive therefore, the UniSZA fund for maintenance
purpose. By observing these factors, there is an opportunity to improve the irrigation system by utilising the
available natural resources in the form of sun and rain, respectively, as a source of energy and water. Thus, the
objectives of this project are to design and validate the prototype of rainwater harvesting and solar irrigation
system for small scale farm use. By utilising the prototype, it is possible to take advantage of the available natural
resources resulting in a technological advancement that optimises the energy usage producing a cost-effective,
efficient irrigation system. The prototype design was carried out using a two-dimensional computer-aided design
software, AutoCAD. Furthermore, the prototype development was carried out and validated with several
readily-available types of equipment in the laboratory as well as equipment that could be obtained by local
farmers or individuals. As a result, after going through phases of prototype creations, from the proof of concept,
through mock-up testing, and pre-production, it has been well-function as designated. The value of Gross
Irrigation Requirement (GIR) for this study was 308.22 mm/month while the minimum requirement of power
production from the solar panel output was 0.552 kWh. More improvement can be made for further
development of the prototype by integrating with other technologies such as attach it with moisture sensor and
timer for the optimum condition
A chronological review of the development of the shariah supervision system in Islam
No full textThe Shariah supervision system is a process to ensure Shariah compliance in business and
economic activities. Nowadays, the Shariah supervision system is structured within the Shariah
governance framework. Owing to its development directly from the Islamic financial system, it is
somehow presented as if it is new, substantiated by a modern theoretical framework. Less
attention has been paid to its background from an Islamic perspective, which, as seen in Islamic
historical records, is well connected to many practices. This loophole has to some extent
downplayed the significance of the contributions of Islam to this supervision system in the
economy. This article offers a review of relevant literature to unearth evidence of the evolution
of Shariah supervision from the time of the ancient Islamic world untill now. Using a qualitative
research approach, data was collected from Islamic literature relating to the issue, and was
analysed thematically. This study found that Shariah supervision is evidently crucial in Islam. It
was widely practised by the Prophet Himself, and the superseding caliphs, as a tool to oversee
the adherence of business practices in the market to Islamic law. It also evolved following the
needs and context of society
Analysis of demographic factors on perceptions of inventory managers towards healthcare performance
No full textThe healthcare sector has proven as one of the most crucial sectors, especially during a
situation like COVID-19 pandemic. Further, healthcare is an area of concern that
significantly influences economic growth. Higher rates of mortalities have contributed
to the issue of whether inventory managers are paying adequate attention to the
ongoing pharmacy and other inventory-related operations in striving for productivity
optimization. This paper aimed to determine whether there is a substantial difference
between individual factors regarding the perceptions of inventory managers on
healthcare performance. This research applied the quantitative method through IBMSPSS statistics, and 200 inventory managers employed at different public healthcare
facilities of Punjab, Pakistan were randomly selected for the research survey. The
research found that any difference in the attributes of demography does not affect the
perceptions of inventory managers towards healthcare performance and is equally
essential regardless of their demographic attributes. This research is useful to the
department of health, to the body of knowledge, public and private healthcare facilities.
Further research could examine the mediation of demographic attributes in back-log
inventories and healthcare performance
Perception of youth towards LGBT behavior according to the different races in Malaysia: implications to social workers
No full textLGBT risk behaviors refer to a group of people who practice Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender lifestyles. The
term of LGBT aims to emphasize the diversity of sexuality and gender based on identity. Not all countries see this way
of life as it should, but some countries are opposed to it. Most countries that oppose it are Muslim countries like
Malaysia. So, the purpose of the current study was to determine the most important variable associated with the
perceptions of youth towards LGBT according to different races in Malaysia. Two hundred and twenty six students of
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) were participated in this study. All students represent the perceptions of the
youth of the three main races in Malaysia. Most people do not accept LGBT in Malaysia. They have different
perceptions that have led to discrimination against LGBT people. From a social point of view, it makes a difference and
goes against the norms of normal living. Therefore, researchers are working to identify the perspective of youth on
LGBT risk behaviors based on race in Malaysia. The techniques used in this study were quantitative to obtain the
information needed. The researchers have used Discriminant Analysis (DA) to find the significant parameters in youth
perceptions of LGBT people from different racial backgrounds through the results obtained from the relationship
between variables and the key components after implementing the Confusion Matrix methods which is standard mode,
forward stepwise and backward stepwise which indicating that there is a significant difference in perception between
the three races. This study also contributes to the knowledge of the LGBT issues discussion and serves as a guide to
preventive and treatment efforts, as well as a guide to other researchers in the future
Peranan dan cabaran Jabatan Hal Ehwal Agama Islam Negeri Sabah (JHEAINS) dalam menangani isu sumbang mahram di Sabah [The role and challenges of the Department of Islamic Religious Affairs of Sabah State (JHEAINS) in dealing with the issue of incest in Sabah]
No full textKajian ini memfokuskan kepada hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan dan cabaran
JHEAINS dalam menangani isu sumbang mahram di Sabah. Statistik menunjukkan peratusan
tertinggi kes Sumbang Mahram adalah di negeri Selangor iaitu sebanyak 384 kes, manakala
negeri Sabah pula menduduki tempat ke 7 di Malaysia bagi kes Sumbang Mahram iaitu
sebanyak 82 kes sepanjang tempoh 5 tahun (2014 hingga 2018). Walau bagaimana pun, di
Sabah, kes sumbang mahram dicatatkan semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun dalam tempoh
4 tahun dari tahun 2014 sehingga 2017 dan hanya menunjukkan penurunan 1 kes pada tahun
2018. Oleh itu, timbulnya persoalan mengenai peranan yang dijalankan oleh JHEAINS dalam
menangani isu ini. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsep sumbang mahram
menurut perspektif Islam, menganalisis peranan dan cabaran JHEAINS dalam menangani isu
sumbang mahram di Sabah. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif dengan menggunakan reka
bentuk kajian kes, terdapat dua metodologi utama yang digunakan oleh pengkaji iaitu kajian
perpustakaan dan temu bual untuk pengumpulan data atau maklumat kajian. Pengkaji telah
menemu bual seramai 5 orang informan yang bertugas sebagai kakitangan JHEAINS. Pengkaji
mendapati bahawa bahagian JHEAINS yang bertanggungjawab dalam menangani isu sumbang
mahram di Sabah iaitu Bahagian Penguatkuasaan Undang-undang Syariah dan Bahagian
Pendakwaan. Usaha dalam menangani isu sumbang mahram di Sabah perlu diperkemaskan dan
dipertingkatkan lagi dari semasa ke semasa. Di samping itu, kajian ini juga turut dilaksanakan
bagi menambahkan lagi kesedaran, pengetahuan dan sensitiviti masyarakat terhadap jenayah
sumbang mahram yang dilihat semakin meruncing khususnya di Negeri Sabah dan umumnya
di Malaysia
Assessment of water quality status based on water quality index in Zarqa River, Jordan
No full textBackground and Objective: Water is the main component of all that exists on the surface of this earth. It is
important for humans, animals, plants, and the occurrence of many biological processes. Jordan is classified as
the most Arab countries that suffers from water scarcity in the region. It has limited water resources and high
population growth. The Zarqa River is one of the most important rivers in Jordan. The river suffers from many
environmental problems. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality status of the water that entered the
Zarqa River from as Samra wastewater treatment plant based on Water Quality Index (WQI). To evaluate the
status of the river water, six water quality parameters were measured. These parameters were: DO, COD,
BOD, TSS, NH3-N and ph. Materials and Method: The Malaysian Department of Environment Water
Quality Index (DOE-WQI) was used to calculate and classify the water quality based on the National Water
Quality Standard (NWQS), Malaysia. The data used in this study were collected by the Water Authority,
Jordan in the year 2018. To achieve the aim of this study, the data were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics.
Result: The calculations and classifications of the water quality parameters, the water quality of the Zarqa
River was categorized under classes I to IV. The average values of DO range from 4.6 to 6.8 mg/l. The average
values of COD range from 36.5 to 46.4 mg/l. The average values of BOD range from 3.7 to 4.7 mg/l. The
average values of AN range from 0.9 to 1.8 mg/l. The average values of ph range from 6.97 to 7.1, and the
average values of TSS range from 6.6 to 11.8 mg/l. The values of WQI for every month of the year 2018 range
from 50.04 in February to 58.66 in January. Conclusion: Based on these results and according to NWQS, the
water of the Zarqa River was classified under class III. This shows moderately polluted water that needs
extensive treatment
Effect of calorie on cognitive function among Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) patients: a pilot study
No full textCognitive recovery is a major concern to traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients and their caregivers as patients
need to resume normal life after hospital discharge. A recent discovery showed that low calorie was beneficial
for cognitive function with lower mortality rate and produced better clinical outcomes in critically-ill and
medical intensive care unit patients. However, the effect of low calorie on cognitive function among TBI patients
has not been determined yet. Hence this study was conducted to provide preliminary evidence of the relation
between calorie and cognitive function and to determine calorie adequacy for optimal cognitive recovery among
them. This pilot study involved ten patients recruited from Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kuala Terengganu.
The patients underwent a series of nutritional assessments including 24-hours diet recall combined with food
diary; neuropsychology test [Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)], and eye-open-eye-close paradigm of
electroencephalography (EEG) for two to six days. Socio-demography, nutritional and neuropsychology data
were analyzed using SPSS version 22 with the percentage of calorie intake (%CI) was set as the independent
variable; whilst duration to finish trail-making subtest (FT), and the total score (TS) of MoCA were the
dependent variables. EEG data were analyzed using Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT) and power ratio (PR) which is
the ratio of slow to fast frequency brain band was calculated. Then the comparison of %CI, FT, TS, and PR were
done between day-1 and discharge-day (early or follow-up visit in EEG). Six male and four female patients with
mild TBI, median age 28.9 years (IQR = 9.5) were included in the study. Scatter dot plot between %CI to FT and
TS showed that the graph increased at the beginning before it became a plateau at 70%. The %CI had significant
negative correlation with FT (r = -0.717; p = 0.000) but positive correlation with TS (r = 0.789; p = 0.000).
Results revealed that cognitive function was improved at low %CI, approximately below CI of 70%.
Improvement in neuropsychology test results was strengthened by the significant differences of median EEG
power ratio between follow-up and first visit (p = 0.000). In this pilot study, it appears that cognitive function
showed improvement with low calorie intake among TBI patients
محدثو القراء السبعة (The hadith scholars of the seven qira’at)
No full textThe sciences of Islamic jurisprudence and legitimacy were mixed then expanded and later
branched into different sciences. However, the specializations and methods, which people used
to follow, today made many students of Qira’at (readings) ignorant of the various Sharia sciences, which created a gap between students of the science of Qira’at (readings) and the
various sciences of Sharia. Herein lies the problem. The researcher considered it important to
write about the hadith scholars of the Seven Qira’at (readings), explain their positions, and rank
in the science of hadith. The purpose of this study is to explain the path taken by the righteous
ancestors in the study of Islamic sciences, using the analytical and descriptive method. From
the results, it appeared to us: that all the seven reciters have a (chain of) narration in the hadith,
whether it is less or many. In addition, that Hamzah bin Habib is the best scholar of the seven
Qira’at (readings) and the most authentic of them by narration, knowledge, jurisprudence and
piety. Moreover, his narrated hadiths are in the books of the Sihah such as Sahih al-Bukhari. In
addition, not everyone who is strong in Qira’at (readings) and proficient in it is considered an
authority to the scholars of hadith. Moreover, that the Qira’at reader's weakness in the hadith
does not affect his quality of Qira’at (reading), because the Qira’at (reading) is frequent and the
agreement and consensus of the Islamic community has fallen on it since ancient times. Allah
knows the best