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Assessment of marine water quality index in mangrove estuarine: case study in Setiu River Estuary
No full textThis study provides information on marine water quality index in the Setiu River estuary. Mangrove estuarine and river
mouth water are classified in Class E in MWQI. The subsequent MWQI with scales among 0 to 100 will define the
grouping of the marine water quality from “Excellent” to “Poor”. Six sampling station has been choosing and the
sampling activity has been done from July 2016 to January 2017. Post-hoc Tukey HSD test calculates by evaluating
whether MWQI for ST1 is more than the critical MWQI value for all relevant pairs of treatments. The test is also
performed by using studentized range distribution as well as p-values corresponding to an observed value of MWQI.
Continuous monitoring of water quality in mangrove estuarine and river so that it is possible to preserve the quality of
mangrove estuarine ecosystem
The Influence of Travel Motivation on Satisfaction and Intention to Visit Terengganu
No full textTourism is considered one of the fundamental industries worldwide, which has the potential to strengthen economic development. In 2017 only, tourist comings to Malaysia generated a national income of RM49.6 billion. This study aims to determine whether tourists are gratified with their visit to Terengganu for tourism and to explore the factors influencing the tourist satisfaction by push and pull travel motivations. The tourists’ perceptions are important since they could be used to determine the degree of their contribution to the devel-opment of tourism. The findings indicated that the overall tourist satisfaction with their visit to Terengganu is high, with a mean value of 3.84. The findings also showed that factors influencing the tourists to visit Terengganu are hospitality of the service providers, friendly attitude of the local communities, local culture, and attractive scenery. There is a need for concerted efforts to increase the tourists’ satis-faction since it influences their intention for future visit to the state
Quantification of Antinuclear Antibodies (IgG) Existence in General Population of Pakistan
No full textThe autoimmune disorders and auto antibodies are rapidly becoming a major cause of concern in the medical field. Antinuclear antibody plays a significant role in autoimmunity and it is targeted against different nuclear antigens. Although its elevated levels are found in autoimmune disorders but it is also synthesizedin healthy individuals. To find out its incidence a number of studies have been conducted on healthy individuals of various populations but limited data is available about the frequency of auto antibodiesin Pakistan. Blood samples of 587 (503 females and 84 males) individuals were taken through convenience sampling technique. Serum was separated by centrifugation and then ANA titer was determined by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). SPSS version 20.0 (IBM-SPSS, Inc, Armonk, New York) was used for statistical calculations.ANA autoantibodies were found only in 6 individuals,out of which 5 were females and 1 was male. No significant association of antinuclear antibodies was observed between males and females. Evaluation of the incidence of ANA in general population is important to ensure its reliability as a biomarker of disease. Current study found very low occurrence of ANA in general population, which indicates its exclusive association with the diseases especiallyautoimmune diseases. The one percent positive cases can be further followed up for being at risk of developing disease
Callus Induction from Leaf Explants of Mas Cotek (Ficus Deltoidea var. bilobata) Treated with 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 4-Amino-3, 5, 6-Trichloropicolinic acid (Picloram)
No full textThe objective of this study was to observe the effect of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 4-Amino-3, 5, 6-trichloropicolinic acid (Picloram) on callus induction of Mas Cotek (Ficus deltoidea var bilobata) explant. Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient media supplemented with 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro picolinic acid (Picloram) each at different concentrations of 0 mg/l, 0.5 mg/l , 1.5 mg/l and 3.0 mg/l, respectively. The control and other six treatments gave negative responses to the MS media supplemented with various concentrations of BAP and Picloram. Most of the callus began to form at day 16 up to day 30 with treatment. Hard and yellowish callus with moderate growth rate was obtained from explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/ l BAP and 1.5 mg/l Picloram, wherein the callus formation was recorded at 47 %. Hard and greenish callus was obtained from medium treated with 0.5 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l Picloram after 30 days of treatment with callus formation of 26.67 %. Medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l of BAP hormone and 1.5 mg/l of Picloram hormone displayed the best growth rate of callus and was the most suitable medium for callus inductio
Comparative Study of Three Different Extenders on Fresh, Chilled and Cryopreserved Mafriwal Bull’s Sperm
No full textThe aim of this study is to study the effects of different types of extender and to determine the effects of cryopreservation process (before chilling, after chilling, after cryopreservation) on sperm characteristics and sperm morphology of Mafriwal bulls. Three natural based extender (Aloe vera based extender (AVBX), honey based extender (HBX), egg yolk based extender (EYBX)) and a control (Bioxcell®) were used as extender and compared for different semen quality parameters that can be assessed under routine laboratory condition. Se-men samples were collected from three sexually matured Mafriwal bulls by using artificial vagina (AV). Samples collected were subject-ed to four different treatments and was evaluated after dilution with extenders. After diluted, the samples were chilled for 2 hours in 4°C. The semen samples were then packed into 0.25 ml straw for further cryopreservation process. After 24 hours, the cryopreserved semen samples were evaluated. Eosin nigrosin smearing were done to evaluate sperm morphology. The EYBX resulted in the highest percent-age of almost all parameters tested in the study followed by Bioxcell®, AVBX and HBX. Semen treated with EYBX and Bioxcell® shows no significant different (P>0.05). All treatment shows decrease of sperm characteristics after chilling and frozen-thawed but AVBX and HBX shows rapid depletion of sperm characteristics (P<0.05) after chilling process. This study suggests that EYBX is the most suitable extender for cryopreservation Mafriwal bull’s semen. However, further study is warranted to investigate the optimum con-centration of other raw materials (i.e. Aloe vera and honey) in extender for semen cryopreservation
Feasibility and Acceptibility of EatSAFE-StopWASTE© Mobile App
No full textFood poisoning affects one in six people around the world every year and food wastage due to expired or spoiled food continues to be-come global problem. It is a hope through the advancement of technology, these issues can be reduced with the help of smartphone apps. The EatSAFE-StopWASTE© app was developed to be a user friendly, attractive, informative and flexible smartphone app that help users to reduce food poisoning risk through food safety knowledge and food poisoning risk estimator. This app which categorises food into shelf stable food and perishable food aims to reduce food wastage through reminders of the food purchased. The feasibility and accept-ability of EatSAFE-StopWASTE© app were tested among 61 respondents, age ranged from 13 to 60 years old. Feasibility and acceptabil-ity of the app was found to be at 87.7% and 89.0%, respectively. Respondents agreed that the app is attractive (83.6%), user friendly (90.2%), easy to understand (95.1%), provides good features (82.0%), informative (86.1%), and useful (91.8%). It can be concluded that EatSAFE-StopWASTE© app is highly feasible and acceptable among users as an aid to help them in reducing food poisoning and food wastage
The Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Aeromonas Hydrophila Infection of Marketed Catfish in Besut, Terengganu
No full textThe commercial catfish covers about 37% of value of production in aquaculture sectors in Malaysia. Aeromonas hydrophila is the most common bacterial infection that occurred in catfish culture, mainly due to poor environment and water quality. The occurrence of bacte-rial disease affect the economical production of farm and may contribute to the excessive usage of antibiotics which can lead to antibiotic resistance problem. This recent study aimed to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of A. hydrophila infection in commercial hybrid catfish, (Clarias gariepinus × C. batracus) from several wet markets in Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia. A total of 28 catfish were collected randomly from different wet markets in Besut area. The organs such as heart, liver and spleen were taken out and inoculated on Blood Agar with ampicillin. The suspected colonies were subculture for at least three times to get pure colonies. For the identification of A.hydrophilla, the pure colonies were analysed using Gram’s staining technique and five biochemical tests namely; Catalase, Oxidase, Methyl Red, Voges Proskauer and Triple Sugar Iron Test. For antimicrobial susceptibility test, the disc diffusion method was conducted by using four types of antibiotic discs, vancomycin, cephazolin, meropenem and colistin sulphate. The prevalence of A. hydrophila infection in this study were 18% (n=5). For disc diffusion method, resistance index for all isolates were ranged from 0.25 to 0.50. Therefore, proper management in fish farming area and routine monitoring of drug susceptibility patterns overtime is neces-sary
Evaluation of Yield Performance and Variation on its Adaptation-Related Traits of Hybrid Maize to Local Environment in Terengganu, Malaysia
No full textThe study evaluates the yield performance and adaptation-related traits of 16 hybrid maize to the local environment in Terengganu Ma-laysia. The seeds of 15 hybrid maize were supplied by CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre), Mexico and one commercial local hybrid maize (Sweet King) was used as a control. The soil type at the experimental area is BRIS Soil of Merchang series which represent most of the soil types in Terengganu Malaysia. Data recorded was time taken for the plant to produce male and female flower; plant and ear height; straw, ear, shell and grain dry weight; ear number; and ear length. Time taken to produce male and female flowers, plant and ear height, and ear length are significantly different among tested plants. Other plant traits and yield perform-ance shows no significant different among tested plants. Overall, the local hybrid maize shows the best performance in term of time taken to produce male and female flowers and plant growth compared to other hybrid maize tested in this experiment. However, the traits and performance of hybrid maize A13 is comparable to the local hybrid. The correlation between plant traits are also varies. It can be con-cluded that hybrid maize A13 shows good performance at local environment and have a potential as commercial hybrid maize for culti-vation in Terengganu, Malaysia
The Structural Framework, Implementation Strategies and Students’ Perception of Team Based Learning in Undergraduate Medical Education of a Medical School in Malaysia
No full textDelivery and implementation strategies are key to curriculum success. There is growing evidence
that team-based learning (TBL) is an effective way of interactive teaching. TBL is a method that uses
learning teams to enhance student engagement and quality of learning. Individual accountability for
out-of-class reading is followed by individual and group assessment. In-class application exercises,
which is the hallmark of team-based learning promotes both learning and team development. TBL
uses educational principles of transforming traditional content into application of knowledge
and problem solving skills in an interactive learning environment. To experience the structural
framework and to determine the students’ perception about TBL in clinical setting of MBBS
program in a Malaysian medical school. A total of 120 students assigned to 22 small subgroups of
5–6 per group underwent a number of TBL sessions delivered in three phases. In Phase I, students
were assigned reading material. In Phase II, students were assessed through One Best Answer
(OBA) items for individual and group readiness assessment test as individual readiness assessment
test (IRAT) and group readiness assurance test (GRAT) respectively followed by a mini-lecture.
In Phase III, in-class application of learning activity was performed. Finally, peer assessment
evaluated the contribution of peer in TBL. A TBL Classroom Evaluation Inventory (TBLCEI)
developed to probe student’s perception of TBL, comprised of 40 items composite scale with
Cronbach’s alpha at 0.881. In addition, students were asked to provide their estimated grade in
end of the posting assessment. Grades were categorised into excellent pass >85%, high pass 70%–
84%; average to good pass 50%–69% and fail <50%. These grades were measured against students’
TBLCEI survey score using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results were considered significant at
p < 0.05. Results of one-way analysis of TBLCEI scores differed significantly across four estimated
end of posting achievers groups, F (3,116) = 52.279, p < 0.001. Bonferroni’s procedure of multiple
comparisons indicated that mean value of TBLCEI score of excellent pass significantly higher [70.90
(3.684)] than high pass [66.57 (3.625)], average to good pass [60.42 (3.583)] and fail [57.67 (5.626)]
at p < 0.001. It is concluded that medical students favourably liked TBL for interactive learning
irrespective of their grades. A positive response for TBL from students is encouraging to consider switching over from traditional lecture to TBL in curriculum delivery. The students in TBL practice
also delightfully embraced immediate feedback assessment technique (IF-AT) for partial credit based
on number of attempts and selection of correct answer that was used in current study to score OBA in
GRAT
Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide and Methyl Eugenol on Fruit Growth, Yield and Fruit Fly Infestation of Syzygium Samarangense
No full textA study was conducted to investigate the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and methyl eugenol (ME) on fruit growth, yield and fruit fly infestation of wax apple (Syzygium samarangense var Jambu madu). The selected experimental tree branches were either left untreat-ed or sprayed with 20 mM H2O2, 20 mM H2O2 plus ME or ME alone under field condition. The results showed that combine treatment of H2O2 and ME increased the net photosynthetic rate, CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance and internal CO2 concentration of wax apple leaves. In addition, fruit weight, fruit firmness and TSS content of wax apple fruits significantly improved with H2O2 and ME treatment. The application of Methyl eugenol alone or combined with H2O2 reduced the number of fruit fly in wax apple fruits. There was positive correlation between fruit fly infestation and fruit size and between fruit fly infestation and fruit sweetness (TSS content) in H2O2 and Methyl eugenol treated fruits. Besides, we recorded negative correlation between the fruit fly infestation and firmness of treated wax apple fruits. It was concluded that application of hydrogen peroxide and methyl eugenol stimulated fruit growth and reduced the fruit fly infestation on wax apple under field condition