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Translating concerns into action in the foreign language classroom
No full textThis study highlights the concerns and research findings of 11 foreign language (FL)student teachers in the secondary school system in a developing country. They were inservice
student teachers who were required to engage in action research as part of their professional preparation. Their research experience enabled them to develop new ways of
approaching their concerns with regard to developing the communicative competence of their students. In the first instance, action research prompted them to identify a concern in their classrooms. The tools of action research facilitated their exploration of these concerns in that each had to translate the concern into an intervention which they monitored and reported on. The study reports on what these student teachers identified as
concerns and why, and describes the teacher’s intervention in each case. Each teacher’s findings are also reported. What is noteworthy is the potential value of action research as a tool for any teacher since the study includes varied types of schools and varied level
Kebolehbacaan buku teks Bahasa Arab Tinggi berasaskan ujian kloz dalam kalangan pelajar di SMKA
No full textAntara faktor yang dikaitkan dengan kelemahan kemahiran bahasa Arab pelajar adalah buku teks yang kurang berkesan dari aspek tahap kebolehbacaannya, iaitu tahap kesukaran dan kesesuaian bahan bacaan dengan aras pelajar. Memandangkan kajian kebolehbacaan bahan bacaan bahasa Arab di Malaysia belum kedapatan, kajian ini merupakan satu usaha awal untuk menilai kebolehbacaan buku teks bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa asing. Oleh itu kajian ini bertujuan mengukur tahap kebolehbacaan buku teks Bahasa Arab Tinggi Tingkatan Empat (BATTE) dalam kalangan pelajar di Sekolah
Menengah Kebangsaan Agama (SMKA) melalui ujian kloz, dan melihat perbezaan skor ujian kloz yang diperoleh dari aspek jantina pelajar, teks-teks bacaan yang diuji dan
pencapaian Bahasa Arab Komunikasi (BAK) pelajar dalam Penilaian Menengah Rendah (PMR). Bagi mencapai objektif tersebut, satu tinjauan berupa ujian melalui satu set ujian
kloz telah dijalankan ke atas 390 orang pelajar tingkatan empat di SMKA di seluruh Malaysia daripada populasi sebanyak 5442 orang. Hasil ujian yang dilakukan mendapati
skor purata ujian kloz bagi BATTE adalah sebanyak 49% yang ditafsirkan berada pada tahap kecewa, iaitu tidak sesuai untuk tujuan pengajaran dan pembelajaran, serta
pembacaan bebas. Selain itu tidak terdapat perbezaan skor ujian yang diperoleh berdasarkan jantina pelajar, teks-teks yang diuji, dan pencapaian BAK pelajar dalam PMR. Ujian ini menunjukkan tahap kebolehbacaan buku teks BATTE tidak sesuai untuk menjadi bahan pembelajaran pelajar sasaran. Ketidaksesuaian ini melibatkan semua pemboleh tak bersandar yang diuji, iaitu jantina dan pencapaian BAK dalam PMR pelajar,serta semua teks yang diuji. Oleh itu pihak yang berwajib seharusnya mengambil kira tahap kebolehbacaan teks yang disediakan sebelum ia dijadikan bahan pembelajaran
pelajar supaya ia sesuai dengan tahap kemahiran bahasa pelajar
Suku kata dasar dialek Kelantan berdasarkan teori optimaliti
No full textMakalah ini bertujuan memberikan penjelasan terhadap interaksi kekangan bagi suku kata dasar dialek Kelantan berdasarkan teori Optimaliti (TO). Analisis terhadap suku kata dasar bahasa Melayu sebelum ini hampir keseluruhannya membincangkan aspek polanya sahaja. Analisis seperti ini tidak dapat membezakan suku kata dasar bahasa Melayu
dengan suku kata dasar dialek-dialek Melayu kerana semuanya berasal daripada bahasa induk yang sama. Kebanyakannya menggunakan pola suku kata dasar (konsonan)-vokal-
(konsonan) (K)V(K), iaitu KV, KVK, VK dan V. Namun begitu, hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa terdapat satu set hierarki kekangan dalam nahu dialek Kelantan yang menjadi dasar suku katanya yang berbeza dengan set hierarki kekangan suku kata dasar bahasa Melayu. Susunan set hierarki kekangan dialek Kelantan yang terhasil ialah
*NUKLEIKOMPLEKS, *KODAKOMPLEKS, KONTIGAKAR >> JAJAR-KIRI >> ONSET >> DEP >> MAKS >> *KODA. Kekangan yang terbentuk dalam minda manusia secara konseptual ini bersifat sejagat, namun susunan hierarkinya adalah bergantung kepada cara kekangan ini berinteraksi dalam bahasa atau dialek tempatan. Hasil kajian ini juga menunjukkan bahawa penjelasan interaksi kekangan daripada TO ini adalah lebih berpada untuk menjelaskan nahu sesuatu bahasa
Kawalan kepercayaan pembelajaran dalam kalangan pelajar kursus Bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa ketiga
No full textObjektif kajian ini adalah untuk melihat tahap kawalan kepercayaan pembelajaran (control of learning beliefs) dalam kalangan pelajar kursus bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa ketiga dalam konteks kemahiran lisan di Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Shah Alam. Kajian campuran antara kuantitatif dan kualitatif ini menggunakan satu instrumen soal selidik yang diubah suai daripada skala The Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) serta temu bual. Bagi data kuantitatif, seramai 297 orang sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik persampelan rawak berstrata (stratified random sampling). Manakala bagi data kualitatif pula, ia melibatkan 21 siri temu bual bersama pelajar dan pensyarah. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa secara keseluruhan, kawalan kepercayaan pembelajaran pelajar berada pada tahap yang tinggi. Oleh itu, kajian ini mencadangkan agar dalam pembelajaran kemahiran lisan bahasa Arab, aktiviti dan amalan pembelajaran yang boleh menggalakkan autonomi pelajar dapat digunakan secara intensif bagi membina tahap kawalan kepercayaan pembelajaran pelajar
Tahap pembacaan Al-Quran dalam kalangan pelajar di UITM Terengganu
No full textKajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti sejauhmana kemampuan pelajar UiTM Terengganu membaca al-Quran. Maklumat kajian diperoleh melalui dua cara, iaitu kaedah kuantitatif dan kaedah kualitatif. Melalui kaedah kuantitatif, maklumat diperoleh melalui sampel soal selidik daripada 500 orang pelajar diploma tahun akhir, dan kaedah kualitatif dilakukan melalui temu bual soalan berangka dengan 6 orang pelajar tahun akhir yang dipilih secara rawak. Data kajian yang dikumpul, diproses dengan menggunakan program windows SPSS versi 12.0. Penemuan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kemampuan para pelajar adalah sederhana dalam aspek asas pembacaan al-Quran dan dalam aspek-aspek tertentu masih ramai pelajar agak lemah seperti dalam menguasai pengetahuan tentang lagu, bacaan berlagu, pengetahuan hukum tajwid dan pembacaan secara bertajwid. Kajian menunjukkan juga bahawa wujudnya perbezaan penguasaan membaca al-Quran mengikut pemboleh ubah jantina, sekolah asal pengajian, bidang pengajian dan pencapaian mata pelajaran Agama Islam pada peringkat SPM
Effect of super olein and sunflower oil on the rheological properties of chocolate syrup
No full textThis study was carried out to determine the effect of super olein (POo) and sunflower oil (SFO) on the rheological properties of chocolate syrup. The formulation of chocolate syrup was modified from that used in a preliminary study consisting of 49.1% water, 30% sugar, 15% cocoa powder, 5% vegetable fats (POo and SFO), 0.5% lecithin and 0.4% vanilla flavour. The rheology of chocolate syrup was measured at a shear rate of 0.01-60 s-1 using a rotational rheometer equipped with a parallel plate at 4°C and 25°C. The shear stress and shear rate data were entered into the Power Law model to determine the apparent viscosity, flow behaviour index (n) and consistency index (K) of the chocolate syrup. In this study, the apparent viscosity of the chocolate syrup was determined at a shear rate of 30 s-1. The apparent viscosity of POo chocolate syrup was the highest at 14.62 ± 1.97 Pa.s (4°C) and 3.91 ± 0.21 Pa.s (25°C), followed by SFO chocolate syrup, with apparent viscosities of 5.42 ± 0.40 Pa.s (4°C) and 1.203 ± 0.076 Pa.s (25°C). The apparent viscosity of Hershey’s chocolate syrup was the lowest, at 2.15 ± 0.070 Pa.s (4°C) and 0.6734 ± 0.027 Pa.s (25°C). All of the chocolate syrups exhibited shear-thinning behaviours with n<1 at 4°C and 25°C. The consistency index of chocolate syrup increased in the order of KHershey<KSFO<KPOo at 4°C and 25°C. For sensory evaluation, it was found that POo and SFO chocolate syrups were preferred by the panellists over Hershey’s syrup (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the POo and SFO chocolate syrups with respect to panellists’ preferences. In conclusion, POo and SFO can be potentially utilised in the preparation of chocolate syrups
Microbiological study in coastal water of Port Dickson, Malaysia
No full textThe microbial composition in coastal water of the Port Dickson beach in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia was analyzed using several microbial indicators for the purpose of selecting the best indicator for marine water pollution. The indicators studied were total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC), fecal streptococci (FS) and coliphage. Five locations were selected along the Port Dickson beaches and samplings were carried out in 1998 and 2001. The results showed an increase in the number of total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC) and fecal streptococci (FS) between these two sampling by 98.12%, 86.12% and 99%, respectively. The numbers of TC, FC and FS exceeded the recommended limit for recreational seawater based on U.S. EPA 1986 standard. There was a positive correlation between TC, FC and FS and negative to coliphages
An in vitro study to evaluate the genotoxicity of value-added hydroxyapatite as a bone replacement material
No full textHydroxyapatite (HA) used for bone replacement is one of the most active areas of ceramic biomaterials research currently. It has been used clinically for the last 20 years due to its excellent biocompatibility, osseoconduction and osseointegration. Many modifications have been done to develop a stronger, tougher and biocompatible ceramic biomaterial because pure HA is brittle. Researchers in Universiti Sains Malaysia had developed this value added HA that is stronger and less brittle compared to pure HA. The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the genotoxic characteristic of the value added HA based material by using Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay (Ames test). The Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay of HA was performed on Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537 and Escherichia coli strain WP2 uvrA using the preincubation method in the presence and absence of an exogenous metabolic activation system. All the bacterial tester strains treated with and without S9 Mix showed no increase of revertant colonies with increase in concentration of test substance for both the dose finding test and the main test. The number of revertant colonies was less than twice that of the solvent control for all the five bacterial strains and this was reproducible for both the dose finding test and the main test. The numbers of revertant colonies in the negative and positive controls were within the background data of our laboratory. In conclusion the results of the tests showed that the value added HA was considered to have no reverse mutagenic potential under the present test condition
Application of spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW) method: rock mass characterization
No full textA geotechnical study needs to be carried out to determine the engineering parameters of the rock mass at the project site in executing construction projects such as tunnels, dams, highways and buildings. Design and safety factor of the construction are highly dependent on soil and rock engineering parameters which are usually determined by in-situ test such as Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and seismic tests. The SPT test which normally involves drilling and laboratory works always incur high operating cost, while seismic tests on the other hand are fast, cheap, non-destructive and an easy to operate method for rock mass characterization. The spectral analysis of surface waves (SASW) method is an in situ and non-destructive measurement that is rapid and cost effective. The aims of this study were to determine Rock Quality Designation (RQD) value, excavation classification analysis as well as site characterization by using the SASW method. WinSASW 3.1.3 was used for inversion processing of the SASW data to produce shear wave velocity (Vs) versus depth profiles. The profiles were then analyzed and correlated with rock mass engineering geological parameters such as RQD and site characterization as well as excavation classification of rock mass. Twenty (20) SASW tests were conducted on the granitic rock mass and four (4) SASW tests were conducted on a cut hill slope of metasedimentary rocks. RQD values were computed based on shear wave velocities and ultrasonic velocities of intact (fresh) rock. The differences between RQD obtained from SASW method and those from discontinuity survey were found to be less than 10%. Excavation classification for granitic rock mass at JKR Quarry was empirically determined using both SASW and ultrasonic velocities as well as RQD value of the rock mass. Site characterization for metasedimentary rocks mass at Bukit Tampoi was determined based on shear wave velocities from SASW method
Isolation of microfungi from Malay traditional vegetables and secondary metabolites produced by fusarium species
No full textMicrofungi isolated from Malay traditional vegetables such as Centella asiatica, Cosmos caudatus, Oenanthe javanica, Persicaria odorata and Psophocarpus tetragonolobus are well diverse. A total of 40 isolates of the fungi were identified and classified into four genera such as Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium and Trichoderma. Five species of Fusarium were morphologically identified as F. oxysporum, F. semitectum, F. proliferatum, F. solani and F. konzum. Three species of Aspergillus were identified as A. niger, A. fumigatus and A. flavus. The highest number of microfungi was isolated from Cosmos caudatus (12 isolates), followed by Persicaria odorata (9 isolates), Oenanthe javanica (8 isolates), Centella asiatica (6 isolates) and Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (5 isolates). Four isolates of Fusarium species were able to produce moniliformin (MON) and five isolates were able to produce fumonisin B1 (FB1). This is the first report on diversity of microfungi associated with some Malay traditional vegetables