UKM Journal Article Repository
Not a member yet
2545 research outputs found
Sort by
Pemetaan kes kemortalan bayi di Semenanjung Malaysia menggunakan kaedah Bayes Empirik
No full textKajian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan kes kemortalan bayi mengikut daerah di Semenanjung Malaysia bagi tahun 1991 hingga 2000. Penganggaran risiko relatif berdasarkan kaedah Bayes empirik telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Tiga kaedah penganggaran parameter dihuraikan iaitu kaedah momen, kaedah kebolehjadian maksimum dan kaedah penganggaran gabungan momen dan kebolehjadian maksimum. Keteguhan anggaran parameter yang diperoleh diuji menggunakan kaedah Bootstrap. Hasil kajian mendapati jurang antara kawasan berisiko rendah dengan kawasan berisiko tinggi adalah lebih besar pada awal dekad 2000 berbanding pada awal dekad 1990-an walaupun pada dasarnya kadar mortaliti bayi secara keseluruhannya adalah semakin berkurangan pada peringkat nasional. Kawasan pantai timur Semenanjung Malaysia masih pada takuk yang sama iaitu masih berada dalam kategori berisiko tinggi sepanjang tempoh yang dikaji. Seterusnya, gambaran terdapatnya tompokan risiko juga turut terpapar dalam peta yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan kaedah Bootstrap, parameter-parameter yang dianggarkan dalam kajian ini adalah teguh
Sensitivity of normality tests to non-normal data
No full textIn many statistical analyses, data need to be approximately normal or normally distributed. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Anderson-Darling test, Cramer-von Mises test, and Shapiro-Wilk test are four statistical tests that are widely used for checking normality. One of the factors that influence these tests is the sample size. Given any test of normality mentioned, this study determined the sample sizes at which the tests would indicate that the data is not normal. The performance of the tests was evaluated under various spectrums of non-normal distributions and different sample sizes. The results showed that the Shapiro-Wilk test is the best normality test because this test rejects the null hypothesis of normality test at the smallest sample size compared to the other tests, for all levels of skewness and kurtosis of these distributions
Influence of compounding methods on poly(vinyl) alcohol/sago pith waste biocomposites: mechanical and water absorption properties
No full textSeveral methods of incorporating sago pith waste (SPW) into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) had been conducted: (i) dry blending (PVA/SPW/G), (ii) blending of SPW and pre-plasticized PVA (pPVA/SPW/G) and (iii) blending of pre-plasticized of both PVA and SPW (pPVA/pSPW). The effect of the compounding method on the mechanical and water absorption properties were investigated. The addition of SPW into PVA greatly reduced the tensile strength and elongation at break. The tensile strength and elongation at break of PVA/SPW composites with identical geometry during compounding stage (powder/powder and pellet/pellet), which were PVA/SPW/G and pPVA/pSPW yielded the highest value. The percentage of water absorbed by PVA/SPW/G (without pre-plasticization) was the highest, followed by pPVA/pSPW and pPVA/SPW/G
Pembinaan dan pengukuhan identiti sebagai da’i: pengalaman pendakwah wanita di Malaysia (The identity development and consolidation of Muslim women preachers: The Malaysian experience)
No full textSejak kebelakangan ini, penyertaan pendakwah wanita dalam aktiviti dakwah adalah semakin aktif dalam masyarakat Malaysia. Kemunculan pendakwah wanita di media elektronik ini dilihat sebagai turut berjaya menarik minat golongan muda terhadap program yang berunsurkan keagamaan. Berdasarkan pengamatan perpektif antropologi agama, kajian ini menunjukkan perkembangan peranan, sumbangan dan usaha yang gigih dalam kalangan pendakwah wanita dalam menyebarkan dakwah Islam di Malaysia terutamanya dalam kurun ke 21. Artikel ini membincangkan beberapa halangan dan realiti yang perlu ditempuh oleh pendakwah wanita masa kini serta melihat potensi mereka di masa hadapan bagi melihat bagaimana wanita Islam ini berusaha untuk membina dan mengukuhkan identiti mereka sebagai pendakwah wanita di mana peranan mereka sebagai memimpin umat Islam dalam membentuk sebuah masyarakat Islam di Malaysia.Di samping itu, artikel ini juga bertujuan untuk menunjukkan ketidakbenaran dalam menafikan peranan wanita dalam arena dakwah di Malaysia serta memberikan kefahaman bagaimana identiti pendakwah wanita ini terbentuk dan diperkukuhkan. Melalui pendekatan anthropologi agama, ianya menunjukkan
bagaimana respon daripada wanita Islam terhadap dakwah adalah terbukti menunjukkan identiti mereka sebagai pendakwah wanita
Properties of immobilized candida antarctica lipase B on highly macroporous copolymer
No full textIn spite of their excellent catalytic properties, enzymes should be improved before their implementation both in industrial and laboratorium scales. Immobilization of enzyme is one of the ways to improve their properties. Candida antarctica lipase B (Cal-B) has been reported in numerous publications to be a particularly useful enzyme catalizing in many type of reaction including regio- and enantio- synthesis. For this case, cross-linking of immobilized Cal-B with 1,2,7,8 diepoxy octane is one of methods that proved significantly more stable from denaturation by heat, organic solvents, and proteolysis than lyophilized powder or soluble enzymes. More over, the aim of this procedure is to improve the activity and reusability of lipase. Enzyme kinetics test was carried out by transesterification reaction between 4-nitrophenyl acetate (pNPA) and methanol by varying substrate concentrations, and the result is immobilized enzymes follows the Michaelis-Menten models and their activity is match with previous experiment. Based on the Vmax values, the immobilized enzymes showed higher activity than the free enzyme. Cross-linking of immobilized lipase indicate that cross-linking by lower concentration of cross-linker, FIC (immobilized lipase that was incubated for 24 h) gave the highest activity and cross-linking by higher concentration of cross-linker, PIC (immobilized lipase that was incubated for 2 h) gives the highest activity. However, pore size and saturation level influenced their activity
Synthesis of dipeptide benzoylalanylglycine methyl ester and corrosion inhibitor evaluation by Tafel equation
No full textCorrosion is one of the major problems in petroleum mining and processing industry. The pipelines used to transport crude oil from reservoir to the processing installation were made from carbon steel that is susceptible towards corrosion. One of the best methods to prevent corrosion that occurred at the inner parts of carbon steel pipelines is to use organic corrosion inhibitor. One of the potent organic corrosion inhibitors is amino acids derivatives. In this study, dipeptide compound namely benzoylalanylglycine methyl ester and benzoylalanylglycine have been synthesized. The structure elucidation of the products was performed by IR, MS and NMR spectroscopy. The determination of corrosion inhibition activity utilized the Tafel method. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of glycine methyl ester, benzoylalanine, dipeptide benzoylalanylglycine methyl ester and dipeptide benzoylalanylglycine were 63.34%, 35.86%, 68.40% and 27.72%, respectively. These results showed that the formation of dipeptide benzoylalanylglycine methyl ester, derived from carboxylic protected glycine and amine protected alanine, increased the corrosion inhibition activity due to the loss of acidity center in the structure of glicine and L-alanine that would induce the corrosive environment towards carbon steel
Surface activity of surfactin recovered and purified from fermentation broth using a two-step Ultrafiltration (Uf) Process
No full textB. subtilis under certain types of media and fermentation conditions can produce surfactin, a biosurfactant which belongs to the lipopeptide class. Surfactin has exceptional surfactant activity, and exhibits some interesting biological characteristics such as antibacterial activity, antitumoral activity against ascites carcinoma cells, and a hypocholesterolemic activity that inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase, as well as having anti-HIV properties. A cost effective recovery and purification of surfactin from fermentation broth using a two-step ultrafiltration (UF) process has been developed in order to reduce the cost of surfactin production. In this study, competitive adsorption of surfactin and proteins at the air-water interface was studied using surface pressure measurements. Small volumes of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and β-casein solutions were added to the air-water interface on a Langmuir trough and allowed to stabilise before the addition of surfactin to the subphase. Contrasting interfacial behaviour of proteins was observed with β-casein showing faster initial adsorption compared to BSA. On introduction of surfactin both proteins were displaced but a longer time were taken to displace β-casein. Overall the results showed surfactin were highly surface-active by forming a β-sheet structure at the air-water interface after reaching its critical micelle concentration (CMC) and were effective in removing both protein films, which can be explained following the orogenic mechanism. Results showed that the two-step UF process was effective to achieve high purity and fully functional surfactin
Perhubungan antara kreativiti figura dengan pencapaian akademik pelajar : satu tinjauan dalam kalangan pelajar tingkatan empat di beberapa buah sekolah di Kuala Lumpur.
No full textFokus utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji perhubungan antara kreativiti figura dengan pencapaian akademik dalam kalangan p elajar Tingkatan Empat di beberapa buah sekolah di Kuala Lumpur. Kaedah survei telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Kajian ini dijalankan dari bulan Jun 2009 hingga April 2010. Data kajian dikumpul dengan menggunakan instrumen Torrance Test of Creativity Thinking (Form A) versi Bahasa Melayu. Responden kajian ini terdiri daripada 300 orang pelajar Tingkatan Empat yang dipilih dengan menggunakan kaedah persampelan rawak dari lima buah sekolah menengah yang terletak di empat zon pentadbiran Jabatan Pelajaran Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur. Enam puluh orang responden dipilih dari setiap sekolah. Purata umur responden ialah 16.2 (SP = 0.52). Dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa pelajar Tingkatan Empat di Kuala Lumpur
adalah lebih kreatif dalam komponen Kelancaran Figura diiikuti dengan Fleksibiliti Figura, Keaslian Figura dan Penghuraian Figura. Terdapat juga perbezaan yang singinifikan dalam tahap Kreativiti Figural antara jantina (t = 2.009, df = 298, k < .05). Pelajar lelaki lebih kreatif dalam komponen Kelancaran Figura (M = 19.41, SP = 6.02) dan Penghuraian Figura (M = 10.55, SP = 2.97). Manakala pelajar perempuan pula lebih kreatif dalam komponen Keaslian Figura (M = 15.69, SP = 5.34) dan
Fleksibiliti Figura (M = 15.69, SP = 5.34). Akhir sekali dapatan kajian ini juga menunjukkan bahawa terdapat perhubungan yang sangat kuat antara Kreativiti Figura dengan pencapaian akademik (r = .81 ; k < . 05)
Intrapersonal conflict between christianity and homosexuality: the personal effects faced by gay men and lesbians.
No full textPotential conflict between Christianity and homosexuality is not considered as a totally new phenomenon.Nonetheless, since scarce is known regarding the matter this might assumed the level of intolerance is still high within most traditional western religion including Christianity. A qualitative study of 10 male and 10 female Christian homosexuals was conducted via in-depth semi-structured interviews. This paper seeks to explore the potential conflict between Christianity and homosexuality faced by the respondents. The result found that the majority, eighty percent (80%), were affected by the conflict, suggesting that both Christianity and homosexuality were important components of their lives. The most common personal
effects of conflict between Christianity and homosexuality indentified included depression (68.8%), selfblame/guilt (37.5%), anxiety (31.3%), suicidal ideation (25%) and alienation (25%). Implications and recommendations at three levels are provided to assist those dealing with homosexual people who are affected by the conflict
