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Leading Through Crisis: San Diego County Schools\u27 Response to the Social Emotional Needs of All Students
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented school closures, forcing administrators to take decisive action to radically change the educational system. The imperative to switch to remote learning transformed the dynamics of teaching and learning, leading to both immediate and long-term academic and social emotional consequences for all stakeholders. When schools reopened, administrators faced the challenge of reintegrating students into in-person learning while addressing the pandemic’s lasting effects on academics, mental health, and school safety. While academic regression was evident, the extent of students’ emotional struggles was less anticipated. Many students exhibited increased irritability and mental health issues such as depression and, which, in some cases, had tragic consequences. Although schools have faced various crises over the years, arguably, none have matched the magnitude of COVID-19, nor have educators felt as unprepared to navigate its challenges. School leaders and teachers lacked the necessary resources and research to effectively support adolescents during this difficult time.
To understand the long-term effects of distance learning and the effectiveness of the reintegration process, this study examined the extent to which school leaders engaged with the crisis leadership key competencies outlined by Riggio & Newstead (2023). The research explored the social-emotional effects of school closures on students and the extent to which school administrators employed crisis leadership competencies to create a physically and emotionally safe school environment during reintegration. Data was collected through a qualitative study involving 22 interviews with administrators, teachers, parents, and students from five public high schools in San Diego County, all of whom were educators or students at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and during the transition back to in-person instruction.
The findings revealed that school leaders encountered numerous challenges before and after school closures, requiring new teaching strategies and heightened attention to emotional and physical safety. In the event of another school closure, leaders who can communicate, motivate, adapt, make prompt decisions, and inspire others will be better equipped to support students and the broader school community. By gathering diverse perspectives on education during this crisis, this study provides valuable insights for educators and policymakers to better prepare for future challenges
Utilizing a Clinical Resource Hub to Improve Access and Workflow for Retinopathy Screenings in the Veteran Population
No full textAbstract
Utilizing a Clinical Resource Hub to Improve Access and Workflow for Retinal Screenings in the Veteran Population
Erin K. Pope, MSN, RN, AGCNS-BC, AMB-BC
Scot Nolan, DNP, RN, CNS, PHN, CCRN, CNRN, SCRN, FCNS
Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a progressive complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), is the leading cause of blindness among working-age adults. As DR can remain asymptomatic until advanced stages, annual screenings are critical for early detection and management. Teleretinal imaging is an evidence-based method for DR screening, offering cost efficiency and reduced demand on ophthalmology clinics. At the Veterans Administration’s (VA) Loma Linda Healthcare System (VALLHS), 88% of DR screenings were performed in-person at ophthalmology clinics, despite the availability of teleretinal technology in primary care clinics. Teleretinal screenings are significantly more cost-effective and improve patient compliance by aligning with primary care appointments. In 2019, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) introduced clinical resource hubs (CRHs) to streamline services and alleviate demand, including a TeleEye CRH for teleretinal image interpretation.
Project Purpose: This project sought to enhance access to DR screenings, reduce screening costs, and alleviate demand on the ophthalmology clinic by integrating a teleretinal screening program into primary care clinics at VALLHS, utilizing a TeleEye CRH.
EBP Model/Framework: The VA Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) guided evidence-based practice implementation.
Evidence-Based Intervention: Primary care clinic staff were trained to use the Eye-At-Risk clinical reminder tool to identify eligible veterans for screenings. Consults for screenings were placed and schedulers coordinated appointments to align with primary care visits. Teleretinal images were analyzed asynchronously utilizing a TeleEye CRH for image interpretation.
Implications for Practice: Integrating teleretinal screenings into primary care reduces the burden on ophthalmology clinics, lowers costs and enhances veterans\u27 access by providing screenings within primary care settings.
Conclusion: Implementing a teleretinal screening program supported by a TeleEye CRH reduced screening costs by 37.5%, improved screening access by 257%, and decreased the number of veterans referred to non-VA providers in FY2024 by 525.
Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), blindness prevention, TeleEye program, Clinical Resource Hub (CRH
Crisis Without Cops: Trauma-Informed Mental Health Care for BIPOC Communities
Full text linkThis policy paper advocates for a structural transformation in mental health crisis response, moving beyond police-led interventions toward trauma-informed, community-rooted models grounded in public health and equity. Drawing on Critical Race Theory (CRT), neuroscience, and program evaluations of models like CAHOOTS, 988, Denver’s STAR, and Durham’s HEART, it examines how systemic racism, institutional mistrust, and implicit bias contribute to disproportionate harm for BIPOC individuals. The paper highlights the effectiveness of peer-led, culturally responsive alternatives that reduce force, hospitalization, and disengagement from care. Using Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework, it proposes actionable, scalable policy strategies supported by recent federal momentum, including the Biden-Harris Behavioral Health Strategy and enhanced Medicaid match incentives. Implementation challenges, including funding fragmentation and rollbacks of racial equity initiatives, are addressed with a phased, community-informed strategy. Ultimately, the paper argues that a just crisis response system must replace control with care and punishment with healing
Additive Manufacturing and Sustainability
Full text linkThis chapter explores the transformative role of Additive Manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, within modern supply chains, with a particular focus on its adoption in the aerospace and defense industries. It begins by introducing the core technologies behind AM and tracing its historical development. The chapter then examines the advantages of AM—such as reduced material waste, faster prototyping, and decentralized production. A detailed case study on Lockheed Martin showcases real-world applications. Comparative insights from other defense manufacturers and global leaders provide a broader context, reinforcing AM’s potential as a key driver of supply chain innovation and resilience
Rethinking Attribution Standards for State Responsibility Concerning Mass Atrocities
Full text linkAttribution of mass atrocities to states remains a central and contested issue in international law, particularly when such acts are carried out by non-state actors or through proxy forces. This Article analyzes how states may incur responsibility for mass atrocities by examining the legal standards developed in the Articles on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (ARSIWA) and the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice (I.C.J.). Special attention is given to developments following the adoption of ARSIWA, including the evolving relationship between Russia and the Wagner Group, to assess how legal principles apply in modern conflict settings. While the ARSIWA framework remains applicable, the nature of mass atrocities presents unique doctrinal and evidentiary challenges, particularly when foreign states exert control over militarized private actors
Artificial Intelligence and Research: Resources and Implications for Counselor Educators
Full text linkScholars have noted various benefits of artificial intelligence (AI) for researchers, though researchers have yet to explore what AI-research resources (AI-RR) are available to counselor educators and how AI-RR may be used to support counselor educators’ research efforts. We conducted a systematic website review to describe the AI-RR available to counselor educators and implications for their use, yielding N = 31 final resources. Findings indicated AI-RR may support quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods counseling research efforts. Implications include a need for counselor educators and scholars to enhance their knowledge and application of AI in their research
Evaluating Counseling Skills Through Language Style Matching: A Computer-Aided Text Analysis of Suicide and General Counseling Transcripts
Full text linkThis pilot study applies Computer-Aided Text Analysis (CATA) to examine Language Style Matching (LSM) in counseling transcripts, offering a novel metric for counselor education and supervision. Analyzing 50 suicide-focused and 100 general counseling sessions using LIWC-22 software, we found high LSM scores in both contexts (suicide-focused: M = 0.906; general: M = 0.903). Bayesian analysis provided moderate evidence (BF01 = 5.048) in support of the null hypothesis, indicating no significant difference between the two session types. The consistently high LSM suggests counselors effectively build strong alliances and align with client goals across topics. LSM analysis provides an objective measure of verbal attunement. This technology can strengthen supervision practices and improve the development of verbal attunement skills, crucial in both general and crisis counseling. By advancing understanding of therapeutic alliance dynamics, this research underscores the potential of LSM to enhance counselor education and ultimately improve client outcomes
