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IoT-Enabled Multi-Agent Simulation for Hazard Detection and Safety in Construction
Get PDFConstruction sites are inherently hazardous environments, often prone to accidents that compromise worker safety and disrupt operational efficiency. Despite advancements in safety protocols, the dynamic nature of these sites necessitates innovative solutions to proactively mitigate risks. The goal of this study is to investigate the integration of Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled knowledge sharing within a multi-agent simulation framework to enhance hazard detection and worker safety. The proposed system models construction sites as dynamic environments where agents represent workers, tasks, and hazards. By leveraging IoT technology, agents can share hazard information in real-time, reducing the need for direct hazard encounters and potentially optimizing task efficiency. Implemented using the Tropos methodology and NetLogo, the simulation compares scenarios with and without IoT support, analyzing task completion rates, hazard interactions, and navigation patterns. Results show that IoT-enabled knowledge sharing improves hazard avoidance, boosts task efficiency, and supports safer navigation. Expert feedback validates the model’s alignment with real-world practices and suggests refinements such as predefined pathways and dynamic hazard representation. This study highlights how integrating IoT within multi-agent systems can enhance construction site safety and productivity
Consumer-Driven Sustainability Transitions in the Food Supply Chain: An Initial Simulation Framework
Get PDFSustainability in the global food supply chain (FSC) depends on understanding the dynamic interactions among stakeholders. Existing approaches often neglect the ripple effects of consumer-driven behavioral changes on upstream actors, leaving critical gaps in strategies for systemic transformation. This study introduces a system dynamics simulation framework to model the interactions among four key stakeholders: farmers, storage operators, distributors, and consumers. The framework explores how shifts in consumer behavior can drive transitions from unsustainable to sustainable practices. By accounting for temporal delays, the model captures real-world complexities and reveals how consumer actions influence broader stakeholder dynamics. Experimental findings highlight the importance of consumer awareness, influence, and timing in advancing systemic change. A combination of heightened consumer awareness of sustainable practices and the implementation of carbon emission taxation accelerates the adoption of sustainable farming, with noticeable effects on distributors and storage operators within 12 months. This research has the potential to advance sustainability by demonstrating that active consumer participation can promote environmental responsibility within the FSC
The reform of the Hellenic Cadastre under financial duress and external pressure in the period 2009 – 2018
No full textThis thesis examines the development of the Hellenic Cadastre amidst the Eurozone debt crisis (2009–2018) and analyzes the ways in which fiscal strain and policy conditionality shaped one of Greece's most ambitious institutional reforms. Drawing on a multi-theoretical framework of land administration, policy science, and planning theory, it conceptualizes the reform as a process of non-linear, third-order change—intended to replace outdated paper-based land registry systems and formalizing property rights throughout the country into a unified digital cadastral system to support various state functions.The thesis demonstrates how cadastral reform developed not only through legal and technical developments but also through institutional framing shifts, political will, and external pressure. It concludes that the accommodation of three frames—technical, legal, and economic—was crucial in advancing the reform process. This accommodation occurred during the crisis, as fiscal constraints, policy conditionality, and governance pressures accelerated transformation. By conceptualizing land administration reforms as "wicked policy problems," the thesis depicts their complexity, particularly in contexts of political instability due to crisis. It argues that these kinds of reforms are iterative, contested, context-dependent, and open-ended and that crises may accelerate and complicate transformation.The Greek case offers insights for other countries: land administration reforms require more than urgency and technical solutions—demand institutional flexibility, responsiveness to external conditions, constant coordination among actors, and deep awareness of historical and systemic legacies. It is, ultimately, a struggle to build long-lasting institutions on the foundations of public trust and social legitimacy.<br/
How venture studios harmonize the tension between exploration and exploitation in organizational learning
No full textSupplementary material to "On crustal composition of the Sardinia-Corsica continental block inferred from receiver functions"
No full textAuthor Response:Quantitative Characterization of Rhythmic and Periodic EEG Patterns in Patients in a Coma After Cardiac Arrest and Association With Outcome
No full textProspect Theory in Betweenness Form for Binary Lotteries
Get PDFCumulative Prospect Theory (PT) has been introduced in Tversky and Kahneman (1992), as a revision of its first version (Kahneman and Tversky 1979). The reported evidence for probability weighting in their main experiment consists of binary lotteries only. For positive and negative binary prospects, however, PT can be rewritten in betweenness form, observing that the inverse-S-shaped weighting in PT is numerically nearly indistinguishable from the linear-in-log-odds pattern, exactly the class that betweenness for binary lotteries accommodates. Moreover, using the mixes in the evidence to estimate the remaining loss aversion parameter, it turns out that the betweenness model has an even better fit than PT. We come to the conclusion that there is no evidence of probability weighting in this seminal paper. This puts the current debate on rank-dependency in probability weighting in a different light, and poses questions on ambiguity models and source theory taking starting point in biseparable utility
REAP-NVM: Resilient Endurance-Aware NVM-Based PUF Against Learning-Based Attacks
No full textNVM-based PUFs offer secure authentication and cryptographic applications by exploiting NVMs' MLC to generate diverse, ML-attack-resistant responses. Yet, frequent writes degrade these PUFs, lowering reliability and lifespan. This paper presents a model to assess endurance effects on NVM PUFs, guiding the creation of more robust PUFs. Our novel NVM PUF design enhances endurance by evenly distributing writes, thus mitigating cell stress, achieving a 62x improvement over current solutions while preserving security against learning-based attacks
Interlayer modulation of the lepidocrocite-type titanate via intercalation of the tetraalkylammonium ions for high-performance sodium-ion batteries
No full textSodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are an alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to the low cost. However, the large ionic radius of Na-ion hinders their efficient diffusion within the hosts of SIBs. Interlayer expansion of intercalation hosts is a option to increase the mobility of sodium ions. In this paper, tetraalkylammonium ions of different chain lengths were inserted into the lepidocrocite-type titanate to obtain interlayer modulation for investigation of their potential as anodes in SIBs. Surprisingly, the biggest interlayer spacing produced by the longer chain length of tetrabutylammonium ions does not give the best performance. The tetraethylammonium intercalated layered titanate surpasses others with a specific capacity of 175 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1. The phenomena could be explained by variation of the charge transfer resistance and and diffusion coefficient induced by changing guest ion species. This work provides a useful guide for developing high-efficiency layered electrode materials for SIBs.</p
Real-time peri-operative microcalcification detection in superficial breast tissues
Get PDFSurgical management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), particularly in cases involving suspicious morphology and orientation of microcalcifications, remains a primary treatment option. However, the lack of real-time technical assistance in the form of an intraoperative surgical tool for detection of microcalcifications in the resection margins presents a significant challenge. In the context of breast conserving surgery, ex-vivo imaging of excised breast tissues slices from 12 patients was conducted. By employing a cross-polarized multispectral microcamera setup for tissue visualization an imaging depth of up to 2 mm was achieved. The microcamera provides the clinician with a clear color image with magnification allowing features down to 50 μm to be seen on the resection surface. Mammography images were used for accurate cross-correlation, enabling the identification of microcalcifications in the microcamera images. Detection efficacy of microcalcifications in microcamera images was notably influenced by both calcification clustering and distribution depth within the tissue. Calcifications within the 2 mm range were detected through their distinct optical manifestations in relation to the adjacent tissues. Four independent reviewers—two medical and two technical—achieved an average sensitivity of 77.8%, specificity of 80.0%, and overall accuracy of 79.0%. This study demonstrates the potential of an integrated microcamera and cross-polarized setup for non-invasive, real-time detection of microcalcifications in superficial breast tissues. By focusing on the superficial 2 mm, this approach shows promising results and offers substantial opportunities for future research and clinical applications.</p