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Bird Diversity and Abundance in Relation to Habitat Complexity at Jack Mountain Wildlife Management Area
Get PDFSince 1973, North America has lost 2.9 billion birds due to habitat loss and fragmentation. To assess the effects of habitat complexity on bird diversity and abundance, 96 locations were surveyed at Jack Mountain Wildlife Management Area (WMA) using ten-minute point counts. All birds seen and heard at each point were documented, and habitat complexity was assessed by examining the percentage of ground coverage, shrub coverage, midstory tree layer, and canopy coverage at each point. A habitat complexity index was generated from these plant surveys. Previous research at Jack Mountain has shown that habitats dominated by pine trees had the highest bird species diversity and abundance in comparison to mixed or deciduous woodlands. Habitat complexity has been associated with an increase in bird species diversity, and thus, we hypothesized that pine habitats would have greater habitat complexity and that habitat complexity would be positively correlated with bird diversity and abundance.
Statistical tests were performed in R to assess these hypotheses. In comparisons between species abundance or diversity with the habitat complexity index, no significant correlations were observed. We then compared each of the four aspects of the habitat complexity index with species diversity and abundance, using a multivariate model, and found a significant negative correlation between species abundance and diversity versus canopy coverage. Additionally, significant positive correlations were found between species abundance and species diversity versus ground cover and species abundance and diversity versus shrub coverage. Each point location was assigned to a habitat class based on the percentage of pine and deciduous tree cover. As found in previous summers by students at Ouachita Baptist University, a comparison among habitat classes and species diversity showed higher numbers of species in pine habitats, however, the habitat complexity index did not differ among habitat classes. To further evaluate, the abundance of birds in pine habitats, aspects of the habitat index were then compared to the habitat classes. We found smaller amounts of canopy coverage and larger amounts of ground cover and shrub cover in pine habitats than in deciduous or mixed habitats.
The most common bird species inhabiting Jack Mountain WMA are insectivores, and thus, they rely primarily on insects as their food source. Therefore, insect abundance was assessed at chosen point locations for both pine and deciduous forests to assess whether habitat complexity or habitat class were drivers of insect abundance and if insect abundance was positively correlated with bird abundance and diversity. Comparisons of the habitat complexity index and insect abundance supported that the two were not correlated. Similarly, associations between the habitat classes and insect abundance were not associated. Additionally, species abundance and diversity were not found to be correlated with the presence of insects either. Canopy coverage was also compared to insect abundance, and a correlation was not observed. Since associations were not found with insect presence, it was concluded that other habitat variables are responsible for bird richness.
These findings suggest that there are more bird species and individuals among pine habitats at Jack Mountain because of less canopy coverage. Areas with higher canopy and midstory coverage on average had a smaller number of birds present, and areas with higher ground and shrub coverage had a larger number of birds present. A reduction in canopy coverage in pine habitats could lead to an increase in ground and shrub coverage, which are both correlated with an increase in the diversity and abundance of birds. In conclusion, we reject our initial hypothesis about bird diversity and pine habitat\u27s being associated with increasing habitat complexity. Our findings suggest that the population dynamics of birds at Jack Mountain are associated with a diverse set of habitat variables that cannot be simplified into a single habitat complexity index
Ouachita announces students named to the Fall 2022 President\u27s List
Get PDFOuachita Baptist University has named 382 students to its Fall 2022 President’s List.
To be named to the President’s List, a student must compile a grade point average of 4.0 and be classified as a full-time student, with a minimum of 12 academic hours and no incomplete or failing grade for the semester
Si me tocaras el corazon y la violencia contra la mujer
Get PDFLa mujer no es ajena al patriarcado ni a la masculinidad tóxica que son tan prevalentes en nuestras sociedades actuales, pues algunos argumentarán que son el fundamento de estas y que la mujer encontrará su lugar en este sistema ya establecido. No todo hombre cosifica, menosprecia o busca causar daño a las mujeres, pero muchos no se oponen a estos comportamientos por su deseo de conformarse a su idea de la “masculinidad,” aunque hiera al sexo opuesto. Mientras que los hombres deben usar su fortaleza para proteger, respetar y dar voz a las mujeres, muchas veces terminan haciendo lo opuesto, quitándole la voz a la mujer, ridiculizándola y amenazándola con actos de violencia. Puesto que la familia es la institución más influyente para el desarrollo social de una persona, según la rama de la sociología, tiene sentido que los hombres y las mujeres sigan los roles sociales que ven en sus familias, tales como el trato de su mamá o la autoridad del papá
Dr. Austin Motley in a Faculty Recital
Get PDFThis is the program for the faculty recital of Dr. Austin Motley, who played the trombone and euphonium. Pianist Dr. Mary Chung and flutist Dr. Carlos Feller accompanied the performance. The recital took place on April 26, 2023, in the McBeth Recital Hall
The Evaluation of Sleep Deprivation on Medication Errors Made by Nurses
Get PDFA review of the literature was conducted to find supportive evidence for interventions to address the negative effect of sleep deprived nurses on medication errors. The initial objective focused on nurses working in the intensive care unit and expanded to all care settings
Nausea Control Using Cannabis vs. Pharmacological Interventions while Undergoing Chemotherapy
Get PDFCancer patients who undergo chemotherapy typically experience nausea and vomiting. The patient is in turn prescribed multiple medications in order to remedy all the side effects. The purpose of this study is to determine if the use of oral cannabis is more effective in reducing nausea and vomiting compared to the use of pharmacological interventions for nausea and vomiting control for people diagnosed with any stage of cancer who are undergoing chemotherapy treatment
Sensory Evaluation of Sugar Substitutes in Peanut Butter Cookies
Get PDFThe purpose of this experiment was to observe and record the differences in visual, sensory, and flavor characteristics of peanut butter cookies baked with different sugar substitutes to determine if a good alternative exists
