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Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Pain and Physical Functions in Individuals with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Double-Blind Randomized Sham-controlled Study
No full textEffect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation...
Current antibiotic sensitivity of Lactococcus garvieae in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farms from Southwestern Turkey
No full textThe continuity of antimicrobial resistance development in bacteria changes the type and dose of effective antibiotic treatments and makes routine monitoring studies necessary for successful control of bacterial diseases. This study was aimed to determine the current antibiotic susceptibility of Lactococcus garvieae, which causes significant economic losses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farms. In the study, two consecutive visits were made to three farms operating on the banks of a stream during a disease outbreak in the fall of 2018. At each visit, 10 fish showing the signs of disease from each farm (60 fish in total) were sampled and L. garvieae was isolated from 16 fish. All isolates were identified using conventional and molecular methods. Then, they were examined for 5 different antibiotic resistance genes and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique. Results of the disc diffusion test revealed that all 16 isolates had a different antibiotic susceptibility profile and the isolates with different antibiotic susceptibility profile could exist within and between farms, using the same water source. Furthermore, they revealed that highly resistant isolates that showed no susceptibility up to 82 to 100% of the 33 antibiotics at the doses evaluated exist in all farms. All isolates carried either tetA or tetB genes or both and the majority of isolates carried tetA gene. Together with this, 25% of the isolates which carried both or one of the resistance genes showed susceptibility to all 4 tetracycline class antibiotics at the doses evaluated. Results of the study and their comparison with previous studies in the same production area or in different regions of the country revealed the dynamic nature of antibiotic resistance development in L. garvieae. Additionally, it showed that monitoring studies with a limited number of isolates may not give an accurate picture of the current status of antibiotic resistance from a production area. These results of the study were also discussed in terms of the treatment strategies that trout farmers should follow when treating lactococcosis
A numerical algorithm for solving one-dimensional parabolic convection-diffusion equation
No full textA numerical method for solving one-dimensional (1D) parabolic convection–diffusion equation is provided. We consider the finite difference formulas with five points to obtain a numerical method. The proposed method converts the given equation, domain, and time interval into a discrete form. The numerical values of the solution are approximated by solving algebraic equations containing finite differences and values at these discrete points. The consistency, stability and convergence are investigated. On the other hand, some numerical examples illustrate the validity and applicability of the method. Finally, the numerical results are compared with the finite difference scheme’s three points
Rhabdomyolysis following electrical injury without acute kidney injury
No full textObjective: Rhabdomyolysis is an important etiology for developing acute kidney injury (AKI). Among the many varying reasons for rhabdomyolysis, electrical injury seems to be a lesser-known factor. The clinical presentation of rhabdomyolysis is usually in the form of severe and widespread pain, tenderness, weakness in the muscles and dark urine. It is characterized by the disruption of cell integrity in myocytes as a result of widespread damage to skeletal muscles and the passage of intracellular components into the circulation. Case Presentation: Here we presented a case report of a young man who had rhabdomyolysis induced by electrical injury which is relatively less common among the other etiological factors with preserved renal functions. He had electrical injury related wounds on extremities. Urgent intravenous fluid therapy was initiated as soon as his admission to the emergency department (ED), without delay. Conclusion: AKI is very common due to the nephrotoxic effect of myoglobinuria and the prerenal status. It is rare that AKI does not develop in patients with a severe increase in creatinine kinase. It is a very important point to start effective fluid therapy in a short time
Tolerancija toksičnosti bora kod ječma može biti povezana sa postojanjem suštinski viših nivoa reaktivnih vrsta kiseonika u izdancima
No full textThere is considerable intra-and interspecific variation in boron (B) toxicity tolerance in crop plants. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms involved in tolerance to excess B in barley (Hordeum vulgare) in the early stages of plant development. To do this, B-sensitive (Bülbül-89) and B-tolerant (Tarm-92) barley cultivars were grown hydroponically under control and B stress conditions (10 mM H3BO3) for 4 or 7 days. The hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), total phenolic, total flavonoid, anthocyanin, proline, and total sugar contents, as well as DPPH radical scavenging capacity, were then determined for both cultivars. Our results showed that B treatment led to significant increases in the B concentration of the barley cultivars for both exposure times. However, there were no drastic differences in the B concentration of the roots and shoots between the sensitive and tolerant cultivars. While the dry root weight of Bülbül-89 was reduced after 7 days of B stress (p < 0.05), such a decrease was not observed in Tarm-92. The H2O2, MDA, proline, total sugar, and anthocyanin contents of both cultivars increased considerably in response to excess B during at least one treatment period (p < 0.05). The H2O2 content of Tarm-92 under control and B stress conditions was significantly greater than that of Bülbül-89, but there was no difference in the MDA content and radical scavenging capacity between the two cultivars. Finally, a 35% increase was found in the total flavonoid content of the Tarm-92 seedlings exposed to B stress for 4 days. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that tolerance to B toxicity in barley seedlings may be related to their capacity to tolerate higher levels of reactive oxygen specie
Importance of nutritional assessment in evaluating patients with chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia: Insights from Heo et al.'s study and future implications
No full textLetter to edito
Gold nanoparticle deposited electrochemical sensor for hyaluronic acid detection
No full textIn this study, gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-modified carbon paste electrode (CPE)-based electrochemical sensor for hyaluronic acid (HA) detection was developed. The change in the electrode surface area and the increase in HA electrochemical signals after modification with AuNP were investigated. Afterwards, pH and scan rate effects on developed HA sensor response were extensively studied and analytical characteristics were examined. As a result, limit of detection and limit of quantification values of developed sensor were found as 0.0034 mg/100 mL HA and 0.0115 mg/100 mL HA, respectively. Meanwhile, reproducibility and relative standard deviation values for 0.08 mg/100 mL HA were also calculated and found as 2.04% (n = 3). For the interference study, ascorbic acid, glucose, acetylcholine and H2O2 were chosen as interfering substances, and in the presence of cocktail of these molecules, the recovery values were estimated as 102.79% (onefold) 97.88% (twofold) and 100.30% (threefold). Also, AuNP/CPE sensor was applied for HA detection in dermatological HA serum, sheet mask and hair serum. Acceptable recovery values varying between 99.86 and 100.70% were obtained with real samples, which shows the applicability of the developed senso
Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Legume Allergy in Children
No full textObjective: The knowledge concerning allergy to legumes is limited. We aimed to evaluate the clinical features and prognosis of legume allergy in children.
Materials and Methods: We evaluated patients with legume allergy who were followed up from 2010 to 2017 at the Division of Pediatrics Allergy and Immunology, with their clinical features, laboratory findings, and prognosis.
Results: The median age of the enrolled 37 patients in our study was 7 (interquartile range, 4.3-9.2) years. Twenty-nine (78.3%) were male. Thirteen (35.1%) patients were found to have an allergic reaction against more than one legume. The distribution of legume allergies was as follows: peanut (n=21, 56.8%), lentil (n=16, 43.2%), chickpea (n=13, 35.1%), pea (n=6,16.2%), bean (n=5, 13.5%), lupine (n=2, 5.4%), and kidney bean (n=1, 2.7%), with a total of 64 allergic reactions. The distribution of these different legume allergy reactions was as follows: urticaria and angioedema (n=31, 48.4%), anaphylaxis (n=23, 35.9%), atopic dermatitis (n=6, 9.3%), eosinophilic esophagitis (n=3, 7.8%), and food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (n=1, 1.5%). Thirty-two (86.5%) of 37 patients had an allergy to a non-legume food. Tolerance to 50 legume allergies affecting 27 patients being followed up for more than 12 months were given. Eight of the 18 patients with a single legume allergy and 1 of the 9 patients who were allergic to multiple legumes developed tolerance.
Conclusion: Peanut and lentil were the most frequent legumes that caused allergic reactions in our study. The rate of allergies to non-legume foods was high. In patients who were allergic to a single legume, the tolerance rate was 44.4%
Platelet-Rich Plasma in Vitrification; is it Helpful or Harmful?
No full textHuman and animal studies on cryoprotectants and freezing solutions are still needed to establish a simple yet reliable protocol and increase the success of cryopreservation. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the short- and longterm effects of platelet-rich plasma, a well-known antioxidant substance due to its contents including bioactive molecules and growth factors, on whole ovarian tissue cryopreservation. Fresh tissues (control group, G1) were subjected to histological tissue processing without any treatment. Ovaries treated with plateletrich plasma (PRP)-supplemented vitrification solution were subjected to tissue processing without cryostorage group 2 (G2) or following six months of cryostorage group 3 (G3). Steps in G2 and G3 were also performed for group 4 (G4) and group 5 (G5), respectively, except that the vitrification solution was supplemented with fetal bovine serum. PRP was activated with calcium chloride (CaCl2) after double centrifugation. Ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and sucrose were used as cryoprotective agents in all groups. Histomorphological changes were evaluated with the semi-quantitative histochemical-scoring algorithm. Apoptotic and antiapoptotic effects and intercellular connections were evaluated with immunohistochemical staining of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 (C3), Connexin-43 (Cx-43), and TUNEL analysis. Cryopreservation with PRPsupplementation (G3) significantly increased tissue degeneration (p<0.05). There was an increase in the number of degenerated both primary and secondary follicles (p<0.05), and an increase in the immune expression of Bax, C3 and Cx-43 and TUNEL assay in G3 was observed compared to other group
Comparison of physical performance, gait, balance, falls efficacy, and step reaction time in individuals with multiple sclerosis
No full textObjective: The study aimed to investigate the physical performance, gait, balance, falls efficacy, and step reaction time in individuals with MS. Methods: A total of 60 individuals (30 individuals with MS and 30 age and sex-matched healthy controls) were enrolled. Individuals’ physical performance was evaluated with the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) and Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSTS). Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale, 12-item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale (MSWS-12v2) and Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) were used to assess the balance, gait and fall efficacy of the participants. Individuals' step reaction time (SRT) was calculated with video-based software. The time between the step command and the first contact of the foot with the ground in the first step was recorded. Results: The mean age of the individuals with MS and the control group was 38.5 ± 9.4 years and 33.9 ± 11.7 years, respectively. Significant differences existed between the groups in SRT, FES-I, ABC, and FTSTS (p 0.05). TUG was moderately correlated with MSWS-12 and FES-I (r1 =0.426, r2 =0.495, p < 0.05). Besides, there was a moderate correlation between ABC with TUG and FTSTS (r1 =−0.605, r2 =−0.468, p < 0.05). A high degree correlation was found between MSWS-12 with FES-I and ABC (r1 =0.843, r2 =−0.834, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Individuals with MS have decreased SRTs. However, this condition was not found to be related to physical performance. Further studies should focus on the association of SRT with cognitive and psychosocial parameters