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A soft set theoretic approach to network complexity and a case study for Turkish Twitter users
No full textThere are a few different angles from which to examine the question of how to determine whether social networks, which belong to the category of complex systems, are neither totally regular nor totally arbitrary. The theory of soft sets, which is a form of soft computing, is used in this study to analyze how the degree of complexity of a social network changes in response to an external stressor. By taking this strategy, conversation subjects within social networks are able to incorporate participation from more than just two individuals. This research also presents the imprecise technique using a Bayesian approach to soft modeling that is used to determine complexity. These soft sets enable complexity computations to be performed on directed networks established by Turkish Twitter users and acquired everyday during the Covid-19 stress period. This study additionally involves the forming of comparisons with the compositional and structural complexity observations of the underlying network. The findings demonstrate that the soft set techniques that were utilized in the complexity computation of the social network are both efficient and trustworthy
Field management practices to produce nutritional and healthier minor crops
No full textMinor crops species are one of the basic sources of essential nutrients required in human and animal nutrition. Field management practices play crucial role in crop production affecting yield and nutritional quality. A wide range of genetic and agronomic practices are adopted to achieve optimal yield and quality which are also affected by agro-climatic conditions. Overuse of NPK fertilizers and inorganic forms of micronutrients may have adverse effects on soil pH, beneficial microbial activity and other soil properties leading to poor yield and nutritional quality of crop species. Tillage, among the field management practices, plays an important role in nutrient availability by decreasing soil compactness and bulk density. In modern agriculture different tillage conditions are reported to increase the disease spread in crop areas as well. Keeping in view this reason, it is necessary to opt for the optimal and best tillage conditions. To cope with the aforementioned problems, appropriate field management practices are essential for good crop yield and quality. In this chapter we have summarized the effect of field management practices on nutritional composition and crop health of minor crops including oat, rye, triticale, and spelt
Mesenchymal stem cells differentiate to retinal ganglion-like cells in rat glaucoma model induced by polystyrene microspheres
No full textAim: The study aimed to evaluate the differentiation ability of intravitreally injected rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBM-MSCs) to retinal ganglion-like cells in a polystyrene microsphere induced rat glaucoma model. Materials and Methods: The glaucoma rat model was generated via intracameral injection of 7 microliter polystyrene microspheres. Green fluorescence protein-labeled (GFP) rBM-MSCs were transplanted intravitreally at or after induction of ocular hypertension (OHT), depending on the groups. By the end of the fourth week, flat-mount retinal dissection was performed, and labeled against Brn3a, CD90, GFAP, CD11b, Vimentin, and localization of GFP positive rBM-MSCs was used for evaluation through immunofluorescence staining and to count differentiated retinal cells by flow cytometry. From 34 male Wistar albino rats, 56 eyes were investigated. Results: Flow cytometry revealed significantly increased CD90 and Brn3a positive cells in glaucoma induced and with rBM-MSC injected groups compared to control(P = 0.006 and P = 0.003 respectively), sham-operated (P = 0.007 and P < 0.001 respectively), and only rBM-MSCs injected groups (P = 0.002 and P = 0.009 respectively). Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed differentiation of GFP labeled stem cells to various retinal cells, including ganglion-like cells. rBM-MSCs were observable in ganglion cells, inner and outer nuclear retinal layers in rBM-MSCs injected eyes. Conclusion: Intravitreally transplanted rBM-MSCs differentiated into retinal cells, including ganglion-like cells, which successfully created a glaucoma model damaged with polystyrene microspheres. Promisingly, MSCs may have a role in neuro-protection and neuro-regeneration treatment of glaucoma in the future
Social reproduction, women’s labour and systems of life: A conversation
No full textThis conversation brings together feminist scholars from various backgrounds and epistemological traditions around a central topic in feminist debates that is today more relevant than ever, social reproduction. It begins by examining social reproduction as a concept and its entanglements with the dynamics of global capitalism from human geography and feminist international political economy perspectives. We ask, what does the lens of social reproduction bring to light? We discuss how social reproduction is a fundamentally political concept that bridges classic labour struggles with demands around housing, service provision and the reproduction of life in general. As a concept, it makes visible the systems of life that support the labour process, both daily and intergenerationally, in sites of production along global supply chains, from the garment industry, to mining and agriculture. Nevertheless, there is a need to consider how gendered dichotomies of productive and reproductive that underpin its modern origin may or may not undermine this concept and to rethink how, ultimately, we organise around social reproductive struggles. The conversation took place in June 2022 and has been edited for clarity
The Readiness of Stakeholders in the Scientific Inquiry-Supported Mentoring Project
No full textThe effectiveness of professional development programs for teachers in Turkey is limited because the programs are not designed to meet individual teacher needs. Although teachers are implementers who perform classroom practices, they are in the role of students in these programs. The project supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Institution of Turkey (TUBITAK) 1001-Grant 220K080 entitled “Designing and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Scientific Inquiry Supported by Online Mentoring (e-scaffolding) in In-service Teacher Training” aims to examine and evaluate a professional development model. The project involves various strategies, such as mentorship, coaching, peer learning, and collaboration, for prioritizing teachers’ ideas and expectations. This study intends to reveal the readiness of the stakeholders (participating teachers and mentors) in the online mentoring model supported by scientific inquiry as part of the professional development process of teachers. The prominent results of the research are that teachers have positive opinions about the importance of scientific inquiry-based learning and teaching, teachers’ expectations from professional development programs vary by their levels of experience. In conclusion, this study is important in terms of making teachers’ voices heard and designing professional development programs in line with their expectations
Lifetime Optimization of the LEACH Protocol in WSNs with Simulated Annealing Algorithm
No full textThe lifetime of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is determined by its energy restriction. One of the conventional techniques used to maintain network connectivity is the utilization of the LEACH routing protocol. LEACH is based on clustering, and the process of choosing a Cluster Head (CH) in each round is based on chance. Consequently, it remains unclear whether the best CH is selected for each round. In this study, two approaches based on the Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm are described to minimize energy losses of the nodes and improve the lifetime of the WSN utilizing the LEACH routing protocol. In both techniques, the residual energies at the nodes, as well as their distances from each other, are taken into consideration when determining the CHs. The efficiency of the presented approaches has been evaluated for networks with 10, 25, 50 and 100 sensors in terms of consumed energy, total data packets received by the Base Station (BS), the number of active/dead nodes, and the average energy per sensor. According to the findings, the PSCH-SA technique yields the most favorable results in networks with 10 sensors, while the LEACH-SA protocol demonstrates superior performance in WSNs with 25 or more sensors
The Adventure an Aryballos as an Object Narrator from Classical Turkish Literature to Postmodern Literature
No full textAll narrative-based texts are essentially based on a '' plot '' and a '' narrator ''. The story ' s interpretation, the language used in the story, and the author's style are not independent from the narrator where the narrator ' s crucial role in narrative literary texts inherently requires the analysis of the narrator ' s the position. If this narrator is not a human being, it attracts even more attention. Some poets and writers construct characters personalities through their relations with the objects in thier works. Over time, this interest in the object, has gone further in modern texts and has enabled the object to gain the role of a '' narrator ''. The object narrative genre, in which inanimate objects and animals serve as conscious main characters, is known as '' novel of circulation '', '' it-narrative '', '' object narrative '', or '' object tales '' in 18th century English literature. In such works, objects and animals typically appear to tell their own life stories, but in the background their biographies always concentrate on the stories of others. One of the reasons the object narrator is much admired and frequently used by writers is the ability to move between social classes in a way that no human being can and to tell the stories of people from all statuses. Writers prefer to use an object narrator due to its satirical or didactic functions. Indeed, by reflecting the situation that can be experienced by an object, the object narrator enables the reader to approach the subject from a different perspective by empathizing with it. As a matter of fact, a non-human narrator who does not have the ability to speak, breaks habits and alienates the reader, which increases both literary pleasure and the reader ' s interest in the genre through a different experience. In this study, I first discuss whether there are similar examples of the object narrator tradition in classical Turkish literature, which begun with the novels of circulation in the 18th century. Then, I discuss Aryballos, a novel written by Archaeologist Prof. Dr. Guven Bakir, which is an example of circulation narratives in recent Turkish literature: A Tale about a Vase, a Black Beetle, a Thistle and a Snake (An Ancient Beautification of Izmir), in the terms of the object narrators employed.Anlatma esasına dayalı bütün metinler, temelde bir “olay örgüsü” ile bir “anlatıcı”ya dayanır. Hikâyenin anlamlandırılmasının, hikâyede kullanılan dilin ve yazarın üslûbunun da anlatıcıdan bağımsız olmadığı düşünülecek olursa, anlatma esasına dayalı edebî metinler için anlatıcının vazgeçilmezliği, doğal olarak anlatıcının ko- numunu irdelemeyi gerekli kılar. Bu anlatıcı bir de alışılmışın dışında niteliğe sahipse dikkatleri daha çok cezbeder. Bazı şair ve yazarlar, karakterlerinin benliklerini kurulan nesne ilişkileri vasıtasıyla inşa ederler. Nesneye dönük bu ilgi, zamanla modern metinlerde daha da ileri gidilerek nesnenin “anlatıcı” hüviyeti kazanmasını sağlamıştır. Cansız nesne ve hayvanların bilinçle donatılmış ana karakterler olarak hizmet ettiği anlatı türü, 18. yüzyıl İngiliz edebiyatında “novel of circulation, it-narrative, object narrative, object tales” gibi isimlerle anılır. Bu türden eserlerde nesne ve hayvanlar tipik olarak kendi hayat hikâyelerini anlatır gibi görünselerde arka planda biyografileri her zaman başkalarının hikâyelerine odaklanır. Nesne anlatıcının yazarlar tarafından sevilip sıklıkla tercih edilme nedenleri arasında, bu
nesnelerin hiçbir insanın yapamayacağı şekilde sınıflar ve rütbeler arasında hareket edebilme ve her statüden insanın hikâyesinin anlatıcısı olabilme kabiliyeti gelir. Bir diğer tercih sebebi ise nesne anlatıcının, kimi zaman satirik kimi zaman didak- tik bir işlev üstlenebilmesidir. Nitekim nesne anlatıcı, bir nesne tarafından tecrübe edilmesi mümkün olan durumu yansıtmak suretiyle okuyucunun onunla empati
kurarak konuya farklı bir bakış açısından yaklaşmasını sağlar. Bununla birlikte konuşma yetisine sahip olmayan insan dışı bir anlatıcı, alışkanlıkları kırıp okuyucuyu yabancılaştırarak edebî hazzı ve farklı bir deneyim yaşayan okurun türe olan ilgisini artırır. Bu çalışmada öncelikle, 18. yüzyılda dolaşım romanları ile başladığı ifade edilen nesne anlatıcı geleneğinin klasik Türk edebiyatında da benzer örneklerinin mevcut olup olmadığını tartıştım. Ardından da son dönem Türk edebiyatında dolaşım anlatılarına örnek teşkil eden Arkeolog Prof. Dr. Güven Bakır’ın hazırlayıp kaleme aldığı Aryballos: Vazo, Kara Böcek, Devedikeni ve Yılan Üzerine Bir Masal (İzmir’e Antik Güzelleme) adlı eserini nesne anlatıcı bağlamında inceledim
Denver Development Screening Test II Findings of 0-6 Year Old Children and Affecting Factors
No full textntroduction: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the development of 0-6 year old children with Denver II and to examine the factors affecting the results. Materials and Methods: The population of the descriptive and retrospective, in which the surveillance data were analyzed, consisted of 391 children who applied to healthy life center of district health directorate. SPSS 22.0 package program was used to analyze the data. The data was examined by using ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Fisher’s exact test and Pearson chi-square, p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: 49.9% of the participants in our study were girl, average age was 3.0±1.4 year and 100% was between 0-6 age. As a result of the study, 241 (61.6%) out of 391 children identified with DDST II have been found to be normal, 53 (13.6%) of them suspicious and 97 (24.8%) children are found to be abnormal. A statistically significant difference was found between the decrease in the education level of the parents, the fact that the mother was a housewife and the child’s gender was male and the probability of abnormal DDST II resultsGiriş: Bu çalışmada 0-6 yaş arası çocukların Denver II ile gelişimlerini
değerlendirmeyi ve sonuçları etkileyen faktörleri incelemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Sürveyans verisinin analiz edildiği, tanımlayıcı ve retrospektif
tipteki çalışmanın evrenini bir ilçe sağlık müdürlüğü sağlıklı hayat merkezine
başvuran 391 çocuk oluşturmuştur. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 22.0 paket programı
kullanılmıştır. Verinin değerlendirilmesinde ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Fisher’in
kesin testi, Pearson ki-kare kullanılmış, p<0,05 anlamlılık sınırı kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmamıza katılanların %49,9’u kız, yaş ortalaması 3,0±1,4 yıl ve
%100’ü 0-6 yaş aralığındadır. Çalışmanın sonucunda, DGTT 2 test edilen 391
çocuktan 241’i (%61,6) normal, 53’ü (%13,6) şüpheli, 97’si (%24,8) anormal
bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızda, anne ve baba eğitim düzeyinin düşmesiyle, annenin
ev hanımı olmasıyla ve çocuğun cinsiyetinin erkek olmasıyla DGTT 2 sonucunun
anormal çıkma olasılığı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur
(p<0,05).
Sonuç: Çalışmada çocukların dörtte birine yakınının anormal gelişim gösterdiği
saptanmıştır. Anne ve baba eğitim düzeyi, anne mesleği ve çocuğun cinsiyeti
çocuğun gelişiminde etkili olduğu bulunmuştur
Analysis of pancreatitis patients admitted to the emergency department of Suleyman Demirel University Hospital, demographic data and relationship of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio with the outcomes
No full textPurpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the demographic data of the patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis (AP), find out etiological factors and relation of laboratory data with the outcome in the emergency department. Materials and methods: The data of patients diagnosed with AP in the Emergency Department of Suleyman Demirel University Hospital, between 2013 and 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients' demographics, symptoms, physical examination findings, laboratory and imaging findings were noted. Patients' outcomes were evaluated in terms of hospitalization and in-hospital mortality. Results: Of the 603 patients in the study, 290 (48.1%) were female and 313 (51.9%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 59.49±18.73 years. Hospital applications were mostly in the winter (n=161 [26.7%]) and the least in the spring time (n=143 [23.7%]). Primary etiology of the pancreatitis was biliary. The neutrophil counts of the discharged patients were lower than the patients hospitalized in the ward and intensive care unit. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was significantly higher in the patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit or died in the hospital, and the glucose and lactate dehydrogenase values were higher in the patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit. In-hospital mortality was 6.5%. Conclusion: Biliary pancreatitis is the main cause of pancreatitis. Mortality in AP is 6.5%. The admission NLR value is increased significantly in patients who need intensive care and in cases resulting with in-hospital mortality. © 2022, Pamukkale University. All rights reserved.Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the demographic data of the patients diagnosed with acute
pancreatitis (AP), find out etiological factors and relation of laboratory data with the outcome in the emergency department. Materials and methods: The data of patients diagnosed with AP in the Emergency Department of Suleyman Demirel University Hospital, between 2013 and 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients' demographics, symptoms, physical examination findings, laboratory and imaging findings were noted. Patients’ outcomes were evaluated in terms of hospitalization and in-hospital mortality.
Results: Of the 603 patients in the study, 290 (48.1%) were female and 313 (51.9%) were male. The mean
age of the patients was 59.49±18.73 years. Hospital applications were mostly in the winter (n=161 [26.7%]) and the least in the spring time (n=143 [23.7%]). Primary etiology of the pancreatitis was biliary. The neutrophil counts of the discharged patients were lower than the patients hospitalized in the ward and intensive care unit. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was significantly higher in the patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit or died in the hospital, and the glucose and lactate dehydrogenase values were higher in the patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit. In-hospital mortality was 6.5%.
Conclusion: Biliary pancreatitis is the main cause of pancreatitis. Mortality in AP is 6.5%. The admission
NLR value is increased significantly in patients who need intensive care and in cases resulting with in-hospital mortality
Downregulation of Yap1 during limb regeneration results in defective bone formation in axolotl
No full textThe Hippo pathway plays an imperative role in cellular processes such as differentiation, regeneration, cell migration, organ growth, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Transcription coregulator component of Hippo pathway, YAP1, promotes transcription of genes involved in cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and suppressing apoptosis. However, its role in epimorphic regeneration has not been fully explored. The axolotl is a well-established model organism for developmental biology and regeneration studies. By exploiting its remarkable regenerative capacity, we investigated the role of Yap1 in the early blastema stage of limb regeneration. Depleting Yap1 using gene-specific morpholinos attenuated the competence of axolotl limb regeneration evident in bone formation defects. To explore the affected downstream pathways from Yap1 down-regulation, the gene expression profile was examined by employing LC-MS/MS technology. Based on the generated data, we provided a new layer of evidence on the putative roles of increased protease inhibition and immune system activities and altered ECM composition in diminished bone formation capacity during axolotl limb regeneration upon Yap1 deficiency. We believe that new insights into the roles of the Hippo pathway in complex structure regeneration were granted in this study