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The Effect of Ring Substituent Position on the Photodegradation Kinetics of Aminobenzoic Acid
No full textCharacterization of Putative Molecule Inhibitors of MurG and Their Effectiveness in Growth Inhibition of Escherichia coli (DH5⍺), Pseudomonas frederikbergensis (36C6) and Pseudomonas chlororaphis (14B11)
No full textMurG is an enzyme responsible for catalyzing the formation of the glycosidic bond that forms Lipid II from Lipid I, so that it can be transported out of the cell to form the cell wall.1 The inhibition of this enzyme would be detrimental to the life of the cell as the cell wall provides necessary support and protection to the bacterial cell.2,3 Past work has provided insight to inhibitors including important structural components of inhibitors of MurG but none have provided a quality inhibitor that is able to work in vivo.4–6 Work in the Martin lab has led to potential inhibitors that remain untested for bacterial growth inhibition.7–9 The compounds were characterized using proton and carbon Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Infrared Spectroscopy (IR). Microdilution assays were done to determine and MIC of the compound in which Compounds 7 and 8 did not have any antibiotic activity against Escherichia coli (DH5a), Pseudomonas frederikbergensis (36C6) and Pseudomonas chlororaphis (14B11) within the assessed concentration range
I’ve Seen It All!”: The Effects of Clinical Empathy on the Other-Race Effect
No full textClinical empathy is essential in providing quality care as a provider’s ability to empathize with patients in clinical settings produces improved patient satisfaction, treatment compliance, and reduced malpractice lawsuits. However, as healthcare workers experience more strain and exhaustion in the field, they tend to experience reduced clinical empathy to cope with emotional or traumatic circumstances. Reduced clinical empathy is extremely problematic in the healthcare industry by effecting patient-provider relationships and even causing prejudice and racism. Empathy can be established by viewing injuries or procedures but is heavily expressed through facial expression recognition. This study investigated how level of healthcare exposure impacts pain empathy of facial expression recognition of other- and same-race faces. This was evaluated using an ERP task asking participants to view White and Black faces, indicating if the face presented a neutral or pained expression. Each face was primed with a congruent or incongruent image depicting a graphic or neutral clinical scene. This was followed by an emotional Stroop task, measuring attentional abilities in an empathy-invoking task. Neural empathy measures were recorded at the P300 ERP component. Behavioral measures of accuracy and reaction time were analyzed. Results found no significant differences between high- and low- healthcare exposure. There were significant differences in facial processing of White and Black faces across priming task measures, demonstrating a significant other-race effect. The emotional Stroop task produced no significant findings. This study is pivotal in providing insight into downfalls in our healthcare infrastructure and can suggest ways to improve patient care, as physicians are bound to interact with patients of diverse races and background. Patients deserve strong patient-provider relationships and to feel empathized with, regardless of background
Remote Work and The Effects of Intrinsic Motivation and Incentives on Employee Productivity
No full textThis paper investigates the relationship between remote work in the 21st century and productivity, through the means of reviews on relevant literature on the topics of work-from-home (WFH), intrinsic motivation (IM), and employee productivity in general. To thoroughly understand this relationship, theoretical mechanisms under Motivation Crowding Theory (MCT) and an indifference curve model focusing on preferences for work location, will be explored in-depth with the aid of graphical representations, both attempting to understand productivity changes when the style of remote work is viewed as an incentive. Empirical evidence from a self-designed survey capturing a wide range of employees and their respective work information is also analyzed, to determine the extent to which working remotely impacts employee productivity. Ideas for potential future research on the topic as well as reflections on this study will also be discussed
Evaluating the Content Validity of Current Sport Participation Motivation Measures: An Expert Review
No full textThis study examines the content validity of current measures of sport participation motivation through interviews with ten college varsity athletes. Literature was reviewed to identify motivations currently represented in scales that measure sport participation motivation. Data was collected in the form of interviews which produced qualitative data to examine if current Division 3 athletes report themes that align with those found in formal assessment methods. Thematic analysis was utilized to determine themes among participant responses from the interviews. Results revealed twenty themes of which seven were newly identified. The eleven types of motivation from current sport participation motivation measures were also found. The results of this study unveiled a need for further development of sport participation measures which could include a single repository of scales and dimensions. There were limitations regarding the sample size as well as the representativeness of athletes. As this study was based on a small sample from one school within one conference at the Division 3 level, the sample was not representative of the entire athlete population. Future research with a larger, more diverse sample could provide further information on sport participation motivations
Collecting the Collectors: Archives and their Administrators in a Digital World
No full textHistory is written by historians, but who decides what historians see? Who decides what sources are available to them? Archivists play an essential and often overlooked role in the formation of histories, and the ways in which those histories are validified. This thesis attempts to examine how archives choose what they collect, in what format they collect it, and the ways in which born digital items have impacted how collectors approach preserving items for the future. Through three interviews conducted with archival and collections specialists, this project examines the ways in which professionals on the frontline of active collection confront the challenges facing their respective collections: Denise Monbarren, Wooster’s Special Collections Librarian and supervisor to the COVID collection; Heather Shirey and Todd Lawrence, two of the creators of the Saint Paul based Urban Art Mapping project; and Elizabeth Campion, the May 4 Archivist at Kent State University. While all of these collections exist within different sections of the large network of archives all over the world confronting these issues, they all take unique approaches to archiving digital born materials, as well as the responsibility they hold in archiving materials for future use. Archives are limited by the resources available to them and the factors of time and funding, but the collectors who undertake the process of active collection are constantly adapting to meet the needs of today’s researchers, students, communities, and historians. History is built by archivists and historians, and while the names of historians are maintained within the canon of history, the collectors and archivists are often overlooked within the historical record and deserve a history of their own collected alongside the objects they preserve
The Impact BIRC3 has on Porcine Deltacoronavirus Infection in a Swine Testicular Cell Line
No full textPorcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging coronavirus in humans and already prominent virus infecting and killing many pigs every year. The need to investigate possible therapeutic targets to prevent the infection or proliferation of PDCoV is becoming more and more crucial. BIRC3 was identified as a possible therapeutic target as it is a host gene significantly upregulated during PDCoV infection. Two BIRC3 knockout swine testicular (ST) cell lines were established by transducing a lentiviral vector into ST cells, these cells were selected for using puromycin as the lentiviral vector contains a puromycin resistant gene. The BIRC3 knockout cell lines and wild type cells were infected with PDCoV for 48 hours. The cells and the supernatant were harvested every 12 hours and RNA extraction was carried out before qRT-PCR. Significant results were seen at 48 hours post-infection of both BIRC3 knockout cell lines compared to wild type cells. To solidify the results are consistent with a BIRC3 knockout, the BIRC3 knockout cell lines were compared to each other. The knockout lines were not statistically significant compared to each other indicating the results at 48 hours post-infection seen comparing the wild type and BIRC3 knockout lines are a result of the BIRC3 knockout
Supreme Stereotyping: The Effects of Gender and Race on the Editorial Media\u27s Coverage of Nominees to the United States Supreme Court
No full textThis study examines the effect of identity-based stereotyping on the coverage received by nominees to the United States Supreme Court. Previous literature indicates that women and women of color are persistently stereotyped based on their gender and race—and that this disparate stereotyping often instigates negative leadership, employment, and electoral backlash. Despite significant social progress in recent years, scholars continue to document the myriad ways women and women of color are disadvantaged by their gender and racial identities. Therefore, I ask the following question: what effect do gender and racial stereotypes have on the type and tone of editorial media coverage received by female and racially minoritized nominees to the United States Supreme Court? I hypothesize that female nominees, nominees of color, and female nominees of color will receive more editorial media coverage invoking identity-based stereotypes than will their White and male peers. I also hypothesize that the valence of the editorial media’s coverage will be more negative for female nominees and nominees of color compared to the coverage received by White and male nominees. I conduct a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of editorials published in the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal about Supreme Court nominations made since 2009, including the nomination of Sonia Sotomayor—the first Latina to serve on the Court. My findings indicate that nominees of color and female nominees of color receive more editorial media coverage invoking identity-based stereotyping than do White and male nominees. I do not find support for my hypotheses about editorial valence, nor can I conclude that female nominees, not considering their other identities (e.g., race), receive disproportionately stereotype-laden editorial coverage. As the Supreme Court continues to reflect the diversity of the United States, this study offers insight into the discriminatory media environment future nominees will likely endure
