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Coping with Anti-Investigative Law in Global Corporate Enforcement: A Study of China\u27s Data Protection Regime and its Implications for Cross-Border FCPA Enforcement
Get PDFRecent trends in corporate criminal investigations have signaled a greater emphasis on data access and information disclosure. These trends, compounded by a significant increase in the extraterritorial enforcement of U.S. laws, will ultimately lead to rising demands for cross-border data transfers and processing. This Article seeks to investigate how U.S. law enforcement authorities should cope with foreign laws that restrict crossborder data transfers in the corporate investigation context. In this Article, laws that restrict the disclosure of investigation-related data to foreign regulators are collectively referred to as anti-investigative laws. Using China’s newly enacted Data Security Law and Personal Information Protection Law as case studies, I highlight the key features of antiinvestigative laws that threaten to obstruct global corporate enforcement. I then analyze how these features may affect the investigation and prosecution of Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) cases involving China. Ultimately, this Article proposes a conflict-of-laws approach for FCPA enforcers to understand, evaluate, and balance conflicting compliance requirements in corporate enforcement actions
A Beginner\u27s Guide to Cryptocurrencies: Explaining the Technologies Behind Cryptocurrencies, How the United States Taxes and Regulates Them, and Offering Changes to the Existing Taxation and Regulation Schemes
Get PDFThe United States federal government has attempted to use its existing regulatory and taxation schemes to regulate and tax cryptocurrencies, while many individuals are still unsure as to what cryptocurrency really is. The Securities and Exchange Commission and the Commodities Future Trading Commission have both asserted their jurisdiction over cryptocurrency, resulting in unclear guidance for developers in the cryptocurrency space and a failure to adequately protect investors. Further, the Internal Revenue Service taxes cryptocurrency like a security rather than a currency, which disincentivizes adopting cryptocurrency as a form of payment. Nevertheless, although cryptocurrencies are taxed like securities, there are tax breaks for securities and commodities activities that are not currently available for cryptocurrency activities. Under the United States’ current approach, investors will remain vulnerable to fraud, and businesses and individuals using cryptocurrencies for goods and services will be subject to an extra level of taxation. This paper’s initial purpose is to provide readers with sufficient background knowledge on the architecture underlying a blockchain network. The paper then endorses creating a joint self-regulatory organization and providing the organization with original jurisdiction over all cryptocurrency activities to provide uniform registration and reporting requirements. Further, the paper offers suggestions on how the United States can change its approach to taxing cryptocurrencies, so they are treated more like currencies when used for goods or services, and treated more like securities when the taxpayer is an active trader or participant node on the blockchain network
From Public Sewer to Public Park: The Story of the James River in Richmond, VA
Get PDFBook Review of Ralph Hambrick’s Transforming the James River in Richmond (2020) by Todd Lookingbill, Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Geography, Environment, and Sustainability, University of Richmon
Building Strong Foundations The Importance of Homebuyer Education and Counseling
Get PDFHomebuyer Education and Counseling (HEC) are programs that provide skills and knowledge to families that seek homeownership. This research presents a review of related literature on the barriers to homeownership for low- to moderate-income families, as well as the benefits of HEC programs. Through surveying participants in the Habitat for Humanity of Greater Charlottesville Southwood program in Charlottesville, Virginia, the study assesses the impact of HEC on securing and preparing homebuyers for successful homeownership. The research finds that HEC plays a crucial role in empowering families to navigate the complexities of homeownership and recommends that policy makers and program managers scale up such programs to improve affordable housing outcomes
8 Creative Strategies To Combat Summer Learning Loss For K-12 Students
No full textWhat does learning loss mean? How can families help children prevent or recover from learning loss? Creative summer activities can promote learning for K-12 students
The New K-12 School Year Has A Lot Of Issues—Here Is What To Keep In Sight
No full textAs students head back to school, crucial K-12 events deserve significant attention, including instructional time, teacher qualifications and teacher vacancies
Unlocking the Potential of Technology for Social Good: Challenges and Opportunities in the Digital Transformation of Nonprofits
No full textThis paper explores the digital transformation gap within mission-driven nonprofit organizations. Semi-structured interviews with nonprofit leaders examine obstacles these organizations face in leveraging technology to further their societal impact. Findings reveal an interconnected web of talent, data, funding, and communication barriers necessitating comprehensive support. Nonprofits grapple with acquiring technically skilled staff, tracking outcomes, adopting emerging technologies, and shifting organizational culture. While digital tools hold promise for amplifying community impact, realizing this potential relies on surmounting chronic resource limitations and governance deficits. Tailored policies, partnerships, and capacity-building initiatives can empower nonprofits to navigate the digital landscape strategically. This research contributes empirical evidence on nonprofits\u27 digital transformation challenges to inform practical recommendations and theoretical frameworks. Ultimately, nonprofits must adapt to the evolving technological environment to maintain relevance and heighten their positive community influence